剖宫产分娩期间感官刺激：一项纵向队列研究 (PIONEER-MC)
2026年7月29日 更新者：Juliana Barrera、University of British Columbia
患者对椎管内麻醉下择期剖宫产期间感官刺激的感知（PIONEER）：一项纵向队列研究。
本研究将对计划进行剖宫产并使用脊髓麻醉或联合脊髓-硬膜外麻醉的产妇进行随访。 我们将询问她们在手术过程中感受到的各种感觉类型、这些感觉发生的频率，以及是否有任何感觉令人无法接受或过于不适。
参与者将在手术期间的六个固定时间点回答几个简短问题。 她们还将在手术前和分娩后（最长6个月内）填写简短问卷，以帮助我们了解情绪、压力和整体健康状况。
研究概览
地位
招聘中
条件
详细说明
剖宫产手术很常见，椎管内麻醉是标准技术；然而，相当一部分患者会经历术中疼痛或不适感。现有研究通常依赖于回顾性回忆、替代指标（例如药物使用）以及术中疼痛的可变定义，而对患者感知的感觉体验以及他们是否将其解释为疼痛或其他不可接受的情况，前瞻性描述有限。
PIONEER是一项前瞻性纵向队列研究，招募在不列颠哥伦比亚省妇女医院接受择期剖宫产的健康孕妇患者。主要目标是估计术中感觉刺激的发生率，这些刺激被自我报告为不可接受（即参与者报告为不可接受且需要治疗的感觉）。术中数据将通过简短的患者问题，在从阻滞确认到皮肤缝合的六个定义的手术里程碑处收集。术后和纵向随访将评估产后痛苦、抑郁和创伤后应激障碍症状。临床护理不受研究指导；麻醉和手术管理仍由治疗团队自行决定。
研究类型
观察性的
注册 (估计的)
1005
联系人和位置
本节提供了进行研究的人员的详细联系信息，以及有关进行该研究的地点的信息。
学习联系方式
- 姓名：Juliana Kruthof, MD, MSc, FRCPC
- 电话号码：6335 604-875-2424
- 邮箱：juliana.barrera@cw.bc.ca
学习地点
-
-
British Columbia
-
Vancouver、British Columbia、加拿大、V6H3N1
- 招聘中
- BC Women's Hospital
-
接触：
- Juliana Kruthof, MD, MSc, FRCPC
- 电话号码：6335 604-875-2158
- 邮箱：juliana.barrera@cw.bc.ca
-
接触：
- Simon Massey, FRCA, FRCPC
- 电话号码：6335 604-875-2158
- 邮箱：simon.massey@cw.bc.ca
-
副研究员：
- Roanne Preston, MD, FRCPC
-
首席研究员：
- Juliana Kruthof, MD, MSc, FRCPC
-
副研究员：
- William Shippam, MBChB, FRCA, FRCPC
-
副研究员：
- Kathryn Clark, MD, FRCPC
-
副研究员：
- Katherine M Seligman, MD, FRCPC D.ABA
-
副研究员：
- Simon Massey, FRCA, FRCPC
-
-
参与标准
研究人员寻找符合特定描述的人，称为资格标准。这些标准的一些例子是一个人的一般健康状况或先前的治疗。
资格标准
适合学习的年龄
- 成人
- 年长者
接受健康志愿者
不
取样方法
非概率样本
研究人群
在不列颠哥伦比亚省妇女医院接受椎管内麻醉下择期剖宫产、妊娠≥36周的健康孕妇
描述
纳入标准：
- 健康孕妇，孕周≥36周
- ASA身体状况分级2-3级
- 择期剖宫产
- 年龄≥19岁
- 英语交流能力
排除标准：
- 已知慢性疼痛或疼痛障碍病史
- 目前正在服用具有镇痛特性的药物
- 已知可能影响正常感觉的神经系统疾病史
- 剖宫产术中需要硬膜外追加麻醉或重新进行全身麻醉
学习计划
本节提供研究计划的详细信息，包括研究的设计方式和研究的衡量标准。
研究是如何设计的？
设计细节
队列和干预
团体/队列 |
干预/治疗 |
|---|---|
|
Elective cesarean delivery under neuraxial anesthesia
Adults undergoing a planned (elective) cesarean delivery under single-shot spinal or combined spinal-epidural anesthesia at a participating tertiary-care obstetric center.
All enrolled participants form a single prospective cohort and undergo the same study assessments: standardized self-report of intraoperative sensory experience at six predefined surgical timepoints (including, at each timepoint, whether a sensation is felt, a verbatim description of the sensation, a request for intervention if any, an intensity rating, and the anatomical location of the sensation), followed by longitudinal psychological assessment from a preoperative baseline through 6 months postpartum.
Participants are not assigned to any intervention or exposure by the investigators; all anesthetic and surgical care is provided by the clinical team according to institutional standards.
|
The exposure of interest is the participant's own request, made during cesarean delivery, for the clinical team to provide a pharmacological intervention in response to an intraoperative sensory stimulus.
At each of six predefined surgical timepoints, participants who report a sensation are asked whether they would like the team to act and, if so, whether they are requesting medication, some other action, or both.
A request that includes medication constitutes the exposure.
This is an observed, patient-initiated event; investigators do not assign or administer it, and all clinical management remains at the discretion of the treating team.
This exposure is linked to the single study cohort (Elective cesarean delivery under neuraxial anesthesia).
|
研究衡量的是什么？
主要结果指标
结果测量 |
措施说明 |
大体时间 |
|---|---|---|
|
Proportion of participants who request a Pharmacological Intervention in Response to an Intraoperative Sensory Stimulus
大体时间：Intraoperative; assessed across the six surgical timepoints from the surgical sharp-stimulus test (immediately before skin incision) through skin closure during the cesarean delivery (typically up to approximately 90 minutes)
|
At each of six predefined surgical timepoints (surgical sharp-stimulus test before skin incision, skin incision, uterine incision, end of uterine closure, end of fascia closure, and skin closure), participants who report a sensation are asked: "Is there anything you would like us to do to address the sensation, like giving you medication or some other action?"
A participant meets the outcome if, at one or more timepoints, the request includes medication (alone or together with some other action).
Requests for some other action only, and timepoints with no affirmative response, are counted as non-events.
The measure is the proportion (percentage) of participants with at least one qualifying request: the numerator is participants requesting a pharmacological intervention; the denominator is all analyzable participants.
Site-specific proportions are pooled across participating centers using a DerSimonian-Laird random-effects model.
|
Intraoperative; assessed across the six surgical timepoints from the surgical sharp-stimulus test (immediately before skin incision) through skin closure during the cesarean delivery (typically up to approximately 90 minutes)
|
次要结果测量
结果测量 |
措施说明 |
大体时间 |
|---|---|---|
|
Thematic Categories of Patient-Reported Descriptions of Intraoperative Sensory Experiences
大体时间：Intraoperative; verbatim descriptions collected across the six surgical timepoints from the surgical sharp-stimulus test through skin closure during the cesarean delivery (up to approximately 90 mins)
|
Verbatim responses to the standardized open-ended prompt "How would you describe the sensation you are feeling?",
administered at each of six predefined surgical timepoints to participants who report a sensation, are analyzed by inductive qualitative content analysis.
Sensory categories are derived inductively from participants' own descriptions rather than predefined classifications.
Two independent investigators develop and refine a codebook through iterative open coding; inter-rater reliability is assessed on a random subset using Cohen's kappa (prespecified threshold 0.70) before full coding.
The outcome is the set of thematic categories of intraoperative sensory experience, reported with the frequency of each category and its distribution across the six surgical timepoints.
Reported per the Standards for Reporting Qualitative Research (SRQR).
|
Intraoperative; verbatim descriptions collected across the six surgical timepoints from the surgical sharp-stimulus test through skin closure during the cesarean delivery (up to approximately 90 mins)
|
|
Incidence of Each Type of Patient-Reported Sensory Experience at Each Surgical Timepoint
大体时间：Intraoperative; assessed at each of the six surgical timepoints from the surgical sharp-stimulus test through skin closure during the cesarean delivery (up to approximately 90 mins)
|
At each of six predefined surgical timepoints (surgical sharp-stimulus test before skin incision, skin incision, uterine incision, end of uterine closure, end of fascia closure, and skin closure), participants report whether they feel any sensation.
Sensory categories are derived inductively from participants' own verbatim descriptions rather than predefined classifications (see the qualitative content analysis).
For each surgical timepoint, the incidence of any reported sensation and of each inductively derived sensory category is calculated as the proportion (percentage) of participants reporting that sensation.
Site-specific proportions are estimated with 95% Clopper-Pearson exact confidence intervals and pooled across participating centers using a DerSimonian-Laird random-effects model on the logit scale, with back-transformation to the proportion scale.
|
Intraoperative; assessed at each of the six surgical timepoints from the surgical sharp-stimulus test through skin closure during the cesarean delivery (up to approximately 90 mins)
|
|
Intensity of Patient-Reported Intraoperative Sensation Measured on a 100-mm Visual Analog Scale at Each Surgical Timepoint
大体时间：Intraoperative; assessed at each of the six surgical timepoints from the surgical sharp-stimulus test through skin closure during the cesarean delivery (up to approximately 90 mins)
|
Participants who report a sensation at a given surgical timepoint rate its intensity on a 100-mm horizontal Visual Analog Scale (VAS), anchored at the left end by "no sensation" (0 mm) and at the right end by "worst imaginable sensation" (100 mm); higher scores indicate greater intensity.
The score is the distance in millimeters from the left anchor to the participant's mark (continuous, range 0 to 100 mm).
Intensity is assessed at each of six predefined surgical timepoints (surgical sharp-stimulus test before skin incision, skin incision, uterine incision, end of uterine closure, end of fascia closure, and skin closure).
For each timepoint, VAS scores are summarized within each participating center as medians with interquartile ranges and pooled across centers by random-effects meta-analysis.
|
Intraoperative; assessed at each of the six surgical timepoints from the surgical sharp-stimulus test through skin closure during the cesarean delivery (up to approximately 90 mins)
|
|
Anatomical Distribution of Patient-Reported Intraoperative Sensations Recorded on a Standardized Body Diagram at Each Surgical Timepoint
大体时间：Intraoperative; assessed at each of the six surgical timepoints from the surgical sharp-stimulus test through skin closure during the cesarean delivery (up to approximately 90 mins)
|
Participants who report a sensation at a given surgical timepoint indicate its location on a standardized body diagram.
Each marked location is coded to a set of predefined anatomical regions specified a priori in the body-diagram coding key.
At each of six predefined surgical timepoints (surgical sharp-stimulus test before skin incision, skin incision, uterine incision, end of uterine closure, end of fascia closure, and skin closure), the outcome is the proportion (percentage) of participants reporting sensation in each anatomical region.
Site-specific proportions are pooled across participating centers using a DerSimonian-Laird random-effects model on the logit scale, with back-transformation to the proportion scale.
Distributions are additionally cross-tabulated by sensory category and by surgical timepoint to describe spatial and spatiotemporal patterns.
|
Intraoperative; assessed at each of the six surgical timepoints from the surgical sharp-stimulus test through skin closure during the cesarean delivery (up to approximately 90 mins)
|
|
Temporal Pattern of Patient-Reported Intraoperative Sensations Across the Six Surgical Timepoints
大体时间：Intraoperative; assessed across the six surgical timepoints from the surgical sharp-stimulus test through skin closure during the cesarean delivery (up to approximately 90 mins)
|
Using the timepoint-specific sensory data, the distribution of reported sensations is examined across the six predefined surgical timepoints (surgical sharp-stimulus test before skin incision, skin incision, uterine incision, end of uterine closure, end of fascia closure, and skin closure) to characterize how the incidence and intensity of sensation change over the course of surgery.
The outcome identifies the surgical timepoint(s) associated with the highest incidence of patient-initiated requests for pharmacological intervention and the highest median Visual Analog Scale intensity among reported sensations.
Patterns are determined within each participating center and at the pooled level (DerSimonian-Laird random-effects model) to evaluate consistency of the temporal pattern across centers.
|
Intraoperative; assessed across the six surgical timepoints from the surgical sharp-stimulus test through skin closure during the cesarean delivery (up to approximately 90 mins)
|
|
Proportion of Non-Pain Sensory Stimuli That Prompted a Patient Request for Pharmacological Intervention
大体时间：Intraoperative; sensory events and associated requests collected across the six surgical timepoints from the surgical sharp-stimulus test through skin closure during the cesarean delivery (up to approximately 90 mins)
|
This event-level outcome quantifies the extent to which sensations not explicitly described as painful nonetheless prompted a patient-initiated request for pharmacological intervention.
Each reported sensory event (across all six surgical timepoints) is classified by the participant's own verbatim description as pain or non-pain (e.g., pressure, pulling, visceral sensation) using the inductively derived sensory categories.
Among events not described as painful, the outcome is the proportion (percentage) that prompted a request for pharmacological intervention, analyzed by sensory category and by surgical timepoint.
Unlike the patient-level primary outcome, this measure operates at the level of individual sensory events.
Site-specific proportions are pooled across participating centers using a DerSimonian-Laird random-effects model.
|
Intraoperative; sensory events and associated requests collected across the six surgical timepoints from the surgical sharp-stimulus test through skin closure during the cesarean delivery (up to approximately 90 mins)
|
|
Concordance Between Patient-Initiated Requests for Pharmacological Intervention and Receipt of Supplemental Intraoperative Analgesia
大体时间：Intraoperative; requests and analgesia administration recorded across the six surgical timepoints from the surgical sharp-stimulus test through skin closure during the cesarean delivery (up to approximately 90 mins)
|
For each participant, patient-initiated requests for pharmacological intervention are compared with the supplemental intraoperative analgesia actually administered by the clinical team (recorded by drug, dose, and route).
The outcome comprises three measures, each reported as a proportion (percentage): the overall concordance rate (agreement between request and subsequent administration); the rate of unmet requests (a request not followed by administration of analgesia); and the rate of unsolicited analgesia administration (analgesia given without a preceding patient request).
All clinical management decisions rest with the treating clinician; the research team records only the request and the intervention provided.
Site-specific rates are pooled across participating centers using a DerSimonian-Laird random-effects model.
|
Intraoperative; requests and analgesia administration recorded across the six surgical timepoints from the surgical sharp-stimulus test through skin closure during the cesarean delivery (up to approximately 90 mins)
|
|
PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5) Total Score at Each Assessment Timepoint
大体时间：Preoperative baseline (day of surgery), 24 to 48 hours postpartum, and 6 weeks, 3 months, and 6 months postpartum (up to a maximum of 183 days)
|
The PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5) is a 20-item self-report measure of post-traumatic stress symptoms.
Each item is rated 0 ("not at all") to 4 ("extremely"), yielding a total score from 0 to 80; higher scores indicate greater symptom severity.
At baseline, participants rate symptoms over the past month; at postpartum timepoints they reference the cesarean delivery as the index event.
The total score is reported at each of five assessment timepoints: preoperative baseline, 24 to 48 hours postpartum, 6 weeks, 3 months, and 6 months postpartum.
Scores are summarized within each participating center, and longitudinal trajectories are modeled using mixed-effects models with site-specific parameters pooled across centers by a DerSimonian-Laird random-effects model.
|
Preoperative baseline (day of surgery), 24 to 48 hours postpartum, and 6 weeks, 3 months, and 6 months postpartum (up to a maximum of 183 days)
|
|
Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) Total Score at Each Assessment Timepoint
大体时间：Preoperative baseline (day of surgery), 24 to 48 hours postpartum, and 6 weeks, 3 months, and 6 months postpartum (up to a maximum of 183 days)
|
The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) is a 10-item self-report measure that screens for depressive symptoms in the perinatal period.
Each item is scored 0 to 3, yielding a total score from 0 to 30; higher scores indicate greater depressive symptom severity.
The total score is reported at each of five assessment timepoints: preoperative baseline, 24 to 48 hours postpartum, 6 weeks, 3 months, and 6 months postpartum.
Scores are summarized within each participating center, and longitudinal trajectories are modeled using mixed-effects models with site-specific parameters pooled across centers by a DerSimonian-Laird random-effects model.
|
Preoperative baseline (day of surgery), 24 to 48 hours postpartum, and 6 weeks, 3 months, and 6 months postpartum (up to a maximum of 183 days)
|
|
Peritraumatic Distress Inventory (PDI) Total Score at 24 to 48 Hours and 6 Weeks Postpartum
大体时间：24 to 48 hours postpartum and 6 weeks postpartum (up to a maximum of 42 days)
|
The Peritraumatic Distress Inventory (PDI) is a 13-item self-report measure of emotional distress experienced during and immediately after a traumatic event.
Each item is rated 0 ("not at all true") to 4 ("extremely true"), yielding a total score from 0 to 52; higher scores indicate greater peritraumatic distress.
The total score is reported at two assessment timepoints: 24 to 48 hours postpartum (acute peritraumatic distress, the primary peritraumatic measure) and 6 weeks postpartum (recalled peritraumatic distress).
The two administrations are analyzed independently as related but distinct constructs.
Scores are summarized within each participating center and pooled across centers by a DerSimonian-Laird random-effects model.
The PDI is not administered at baseline, as peritraumatic distress by definition relates to a specific event.
|
24 to 48 hours postpartum and 6 weeks postpartum (up to a maximum of 42 days)
|
|
Proportion of Participants Exceeding Validated Clinical Thresholds on the PCL-5, EPDS, and PDI at Each Postpartum Assessment Timepoint
大体时间：PCL-5 and EPDS: 24 to 48 hours, 6 weeks, 3 months, and 6 months postpartum. (up to a maximum of 183 days) PDI: 24 to 48 hours and 6 weeks postpartum (up to a maximum of 42 days).
|
At each postpartum assessment timepoint, the outcome is the proportion (percentage) of participants whose scores exceed validated clinical thresholds on each instrument: PCL-5 of 31 or higher (probable PTSD; scale 0 to 80), EPDS above 10 (depression risk; scale 0 to 30), and PDI of 15 or higher (significant peritraumatic distress; scale 0 to 52).
On all three instruments, higher scores indicate greater symptom severity.
PCL-5 and EPDS thresholds are assessed at 24 to 48 hours, 6 weeks, 3 months, and 6 months postpartum; the PDI threshold is assessed at 24 to 48 hours and 6 weeks postpartum.
Site-specific proportions are pooled across participating centers using a DerSimonian-Laird random-effects model.
|
PCL-5 and EPDS: 24 to 48 hours, 6 weeks, 3 months, and 6 months postpartum. (up to a maximum of 183 days) PDI: 24 to 48 hours and 6 weeks postpartum (up to a maximum of 42 days).
|
|
Association Between Patient-Initiated Requests for Pharmacological Intervention and Exceeding Clinical Thresholds on the PCL-5, EPDS, and PDI
大体时间：Psychological thresholds assessed at 24 to 48 hours, 6 weeks, 3 months, and 6 months postpartum (PDI at 24 to 48 hours and 6 weeks only), in relation to the intraoperative primary outcome (up to a maximum of 183 days)
|
This outcome evaluates whether participants who made a patient-initiated request for pharmacological intervention during surgery (the binary primary outcome) are more likely to exceed validated clinical thresholds on the psychological instruments postpartum: PCL-5 of 31 or higher, EPDS above 10, and PDI of 15 or higher.
Within each participating center, the association is estimated using multivariable logistic regression adjusted for three prespecified confounders (dermatomal level of sensory block, number of previous cesarean deliveries, and preoperative STAI-6 score).
Site-specific adjusted odds ratios are pooled across centers using a DerSimonian-Laird random-effects model and reported as pooled adjusted odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals at each postpartum timepoint.
This analysis is exploratory and hypothesis-generating.
|
Psychological thresholds assessed at 24 to 48 hours, 6 weeks, 3 months, and 6 months postpartum (PDI at 24 to 48 hours and 6 weeks only), in relation to the intraoperative primary outcome (up to a maximum of 183 days)
|
|
Preoperative Anxiety (STAI-6) and Its Association With Intraoperative Sensory Outcomes and Patient-Initiated Treatment Requests
大体时间：STAI-6 measured at preoperative baseline (day of surgery); intraoperative sensory outcomes assessed across the six surgical timepoints during the cesarean delivery (up to a maximum of 1 day)
|
Preoperative anxiety is measured once at baseline using the 6-item State-Trait Anxiety Inventory short form (STAI-6).
Each item is rated 1 to 4; the raw total (6 to 24) is multiplied by 20/6 to give a transformed score on the standard 20 to 80 scale, where higher scores indicate greater anxiety and a transformed score of 40 or higher denotes clinically significant anxiety.
Reported as the mean transformed score and the proportion of participants exceeding the cutoff.
The association between STAI-6 score and intraoperative sensory outcomes (the binary primary outcome, VAS intensity, and timepoint-specific incidence of sensation) is estimated within each participating center by multivariable regression adjusted for dermatomal level and number of previous cesarean deliveries, with site-specific estimates pooled by a DerSimonian-Laird random-effects model (adjusted odds ratios or beta coefficients, 95% CI).
|
STAI-6 measured at preoperative baseline (day of surgery); intraoperative sensory outcomes assessed across the six surgical timepoints during the cesarean delivery (up to a maximum of 1 day)
|
|
Proportion of Participants Who Indicated They Would Have Preferred General Anesthesia for Any Part of the Surgery
大体时间：Assessed once at the conclusion of surgery (end of the cesarean delivery) (up to a maximum 90 mins)
|
At the conclusion of surgery, all participants (regardless of whether they requested any intraoperative intervention) are asked a single standardized yes/no question: "Overall, would you have preferred to receive general anesthesia (i.e., be asleep) for any part of this surgery?"
The outcome is the proportion (percentage) of participants answering yes.
This captures the full spectrum of intraoperative experience, including participants who found their experience distressing without requesting treatment during surgery.
Site-specific proportions are estimated with 95% Clopper-Pearson exact confidence intervals and pooled across participating centers using a DerSimonian-Laird random-effects model.
|
Assessed once at the conclusion of surgery (end of the cesarean delivery) (up to a maximum 90 mins)
|
|
Total Supplemental Intraoperative Intravenous Analgesia Administered, by Drug Type and Cumulative Dose
大体时间：Intraoperative; from neuraxial placement through the end of the cesarean delivery (up to a maximum of 90 mins)
|
The total supplemental intravenous analgesia administered by the clinical team during surgery is recorded by drug type and cumulative dose (including agents such as fentanyl, ketamine, and dexmedetomidine).
The outcome reports, for each drug, the proportion of participants who received it and the cumulative dose administered (summarized as median with interquartile range or mean with standard deviation, as appropriate to the distribution).
All administration decisions rest with the treating clinician; the research team records only what was given.
Site-specific summaries are pooled across participating centers using a DerSimonian-Laird random-effects model.
|
Intraoperative; from neuraxial placement through the end of the cesarean delivery (up to a maximum of 90 mins)
|
|
In-Hospital Opioid Consumption From End of Surgery to Discharge, in Oral Morphine Milligram Equivalents (MME)
大体时间：From end of surgery to hospital discharge (up to a maximum of 7 days)
|
Total opioid consumption from the end of surgery to hospital discharge is recorded (including agents such as fentanyl, hydromorphone, and morphine) and converted to a common unit of oral morphine milligram equivalents (MME).
The outcome is the cumulative MME per participant, summarized within each participating center as median with interquartile range or mean with standard deviation, as appropriate to the distribution, and pooled across participating centers using a DerSimonian-Laird random-effects model.
|
From end of surgery to hospital discharge (up to a maximum of 7 days)
|
|
Length of Hospital Stay From End of Surgery to Discharge
大体时间：From end of surgery to official hospital discharge (up to a maximum of 7 days)
|
Length of hospital stay is defined as the total duration, in hours, from the end of surgery to official hospital discharge.
The outcome is summarized within each participating center as median with interquartile range or mean with standard deviation, as appropriate to the distribution, and pooled across participating centers using a DerSimonian-Laird random-effects model.
|
From end of surgery to official hospital discharge (up to a maximum of 7 days)
|
合作者和调查者
在这里您可以找到参与这项研究的人员和组织。
调查人员
- 首席研究员：Juliana Kruthof, MD, MSc, FRCPC、Department of Anesthesia BC Women's Hospital
出版物和有用的链接
负责输入研究信息的人员自愿提供这些出版物。这些可能与研究有关。
一般刊物
- Eisenach JC, Pan PH, Smiley R, Lavand'homme P, Landau R, Houle TT. Severity of acute pain after childbirth, but not type of delivery, predicts persistent pain and postpartum depression. Pain. 2008 Nov 15;140(1):87-94. doi: 10.1016/j.pain.2008.07.011. Epub 2008 Sep 24.
- Jagodnik KM, Ein-Dor T, Chan SJ, Titelman Ashkenazy A, Bartal A, Barry RL, Dekel S. Screening for post-traumatic stress disorder following childbirth using the Peritraumatic Distress Inventory. J Affect Disord. 2024 Mar 1;348:17-25. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.12.010. Epub 2023 Dec 7.
- Saulnier L, Chau A, Barrera J, Massey S. Influence of Planned Versus Unplanned Cesarean Delivery on Postpartum Peritraumatic Distress: A Prospective Observational Study. J Obstet Gynaecol Can. 2025 Nov;47(11):103114. doi: 10.1016/j.jogc.2025.103114. Epub 2025 Sep 10.
- Stanford SER. What is 'genuine' failure of neuraxial anaesthesia? Anaesthesia. 2022 May;77(5):523-526. doi: 10.1111/anae.15723. Epub 2022 Mar 25. No abstract available.
- Mehdiratta JE, Saab R, Chen Z, Li YJ, Habib AS. Patient and procedural risk factors for increased postoperative pain after cesarean delivery under neuraxial anesthesia: a retrospective study. Int J Obstet Anesth. 2020 Nov;44:60-67. doi: 10.1016/j.ijoa.2020.07.006. Epub 2020 Jul 21.
- Plaat F, Stanford SER, Lucas DN, Andrade J, Careless J, Russell R, Bishop D, Lo Q, Bogod D. Prevention and management of intra-operative pain during caesarean section under neuraxial anaesthesia: a technical and interpersonal approach. Anaesthesia. 2022 May;77(5):588-597. doi: 10.1111/anae.15717. Epub 2022 Mar 24.
- Stanford SE, Bogod DG. Failure of communication: a patient's story. Int J Obstet Anesth. 2016 Dec;28:70-75. doi: 10.1016/j.ijoa.2016.08.001. Epub 2016 Aug 23.
- Lopez U, Meyer M, Loures V, Iselin-Chaves I, Epiney M, Kern C, Haller G. Post-traumatic stress disorder in parturients delivering by caesarean section and the implication of anaesthesia: a prospective cohort study. Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2017 Jun 2;15(1):118. doi: 10.1186/s12955-017-0692-y.
- Landau R, Richebe P. Tailoring postoperative pain management with a procedure-specific approach: how to best apply this concept to caesarean deliveries. Anaesthesia. 2021 May;76(5):587-589. doi: 10.1111/anae.15251. Epub 2020 Oct 14. No abstract available.
- Charles EA, Carter H, Stanford S, Blake L, Eley V, Carvalho B, Sultan P, Kua J, O'Carroll JE. Intraoperative Pain during Cesarean Delivery under Neuraxial Anesthesia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Anesthesiology. 2025 Jul 1;143(1):156-167. doi: 10.1097/ALN.0000000000005486. Epub 2025 Apr 4.
- Frank E, Sharpe EE, Kohn G, Kohl-Thomas B, Shaver C, Hofkamp MP. Predictors of intraoperative pain during cesarean delivery under regional anesthesia. Proc (Bayl Univ Med Cent). 2022 Jun 14;35(5):595-598. doi: 10.1080/08998280.2022.2086789. eCollection 2022.
- Sanchez J, Prabhu R, Guglielminotti J, Landau R. Pain during cesarean delivery: A patient-related prospective observational study assessing the incidence and risk factors for intraoperative pain and intravenous medication administration. Anaesth Crit Care Pain Med. 2024 Feb;43(1):101310. doi: 10.1016/j.accpm.2023.101310. Epub 2023 Oct 20.
研究记录日期
这些日期跟踪向 ClinicalTrials.gov 提交研究记录和摘要结果的进度。研究记录和报告的结果由国家医学图书馆 (NLM) 审查，以确保它们在发布到公共网站之前符合特定的质量控制标准。
研究主要日期
学习开始 (估计的)
2026年7月20日
初级完成 (估计的)
2027年5月30日
研究完成 (估计的)
2027年9月30日
研究注册日期
首次提交
2026年1月5日
首先提交符合 QC 标准的
2026年1月5日
首次发布 (实际的)
2026年1月14日
研究记录更新
最后更新发布 (实际的)
2026年8月3日
上次提交的符合 QC 标准的更新
2026年7月29日
最后验证
2026年7月1日
更多信息
与本研究相关的术语
计划个人参与者数据 (IPD)
计划共享个人参与者数据 (IPD)？
不
IPD 计划说明
Individual participant data will not be shared.
Aggregated and summary-level results will be made available through peer-reviewed publications and conference presentations, but individual-level data will not be released.
This decision reflects the sensitive nature of the data collected, which include individual psychological assessments (post-traumatic stress, depression, and peritraumatic distress) and verbatim free-text descriptions of intraoperative experiences that carry a risk of participant re-identification, as well as the terms of participant consent and the Research Ethics Board approvals governing the study.
Requests for additional aggregated analyses may be directed to the principal investigator and will be considered subject to Research Ethics Board approval.
药物和器械信息、研究文件
研究美国 FDA 监管的药品
不
研究美国 FDA 监管的设备产品
不
此信息直接从 clinicaltrials.gov 网站检索，没有任何更改。如果您有任何更改、删除或更新研究详细信息的请求，请联系 register@clinicaltrials.gov. clinicaltrials.gov 上实施更改，我们的网站上也会自动更新.