比较两种卵圆孔未闭封堵器在既往卒中或短暂性脑缺血发作成人患者中的应用 (SAFE-PFO)
一项随机对照试验：比较Cocoon PFO封堵器与Amplatzer PFO封堵装置在卒中或短暂性脑缺血发作史患者中经皮封堵卵圆孔未闭的安全性和有效性——一项非营利、单盲、研究者驱动的试验
This study is a prospective, multicenter, randomized, controlled, single-blind, investigator-driven, non-profit clinical trial designed to compare the safety and efficacy of the Cocoon PFO Occluder with the Amplatzer PFO Occluder family in patients requiring percutaneous closure of a patent foramen ovale (PFO). Eligible participants are adults with a history of cryptogenic embolic stroke or neurologically confirmed transient ischemic attack (TIA) within the previous 12 months and a PFO suitable for transcatheter closure.
A total of up to 1260 subjects will be enrolled across multiple European centers. Participants will be randomly assigned in a 3:1 ratio to receive either the Cocoon PFO Occluder (experimental group) or an Amplatzer PFO closure device (control group). The procedure will be performed as soon as possible after randomization, preferably within 14 days and no later than 45 days.
The primary endpoint is a non-inferiority comparison of a composite outcome at 12 months, including recurrent ischemic stroke, TIA, or all-cause death. Secondary endpoints include PFO closure rate at 6 months, assessed by echocardiographic imaging, and other measures of safety, device performance, and clinical outcomes.
The study is conducted in a single-blind fashion: patients will not be informed of the device they receive unless they explicitly request this information. Any patient who chooses to be unblinded will continue to participate without affecting eligibility or follow-up, and the date of unblinding will be documented to allow appropriate sensitivity analyses.
This trial aims to provide robust comparative evidence on the clinical performance of the Cocoon PFO Occluder relative to the Amplatzer PFO Occluder to guide optimal device selection in patients with cryptogenic stroke or TIA associated with PFO.
研究概览
研究类型
注册 (估计的)
阶段
- 不适用
联系人和位置
学习联系方式
- 姓名：Francesco Cardaioli, MD
- 电话号码：+39 338 1986562
- 邮箱：francesco.cardaioli@gmail.com
研究联系人备份
- 姓名：Daniela Ramaccini, PhD, PharmaD
- 电话号码：+39 3534390426
- 邮箱：d.ramaccini@endocorelab.org
学习地点
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North Rhine-Westphalia (Nordrhein-Westfalen)
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Bad Oeynhausen、North Rhine-Westphalia (Nordrhein-Westfalen)、德国、32545
- 招聘中
- Heart and Diabetes Center NRW (HDZ NRW), Clinic for General and Interventional Cardiology/Angiology
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首席研究员：
- Werner Scholtz, MD
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接触：
- Werner Scholtz, MD
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参与标准
资格标准
适合学习的年龄
接受健康志愿者
有资格学习的性别
描述
Inclusion Criteria:
- Patients with >18 years of age and <65 years of age, regardless of gender
- Patients with normal or aneurysm type PFO confirmed by imaging examination [Transthoracic Echocardiography (TTE)/ Transesophageal Echocardiography (TOE) or Intracardiac Echocardiography], and who exhibit spontaneous right-to-left shunting or right-to-left shunting during Valsalva maneuver.
- Patients with history of cryptogenic embolic stroke or transient ischemic attack in the previous 12 months [stroke is defined as acute focal neurological deficit presumed to be due to focal ischemia, and either 1) symptoms persisting 24 hours or greater, or 2) symptoms persisting less than 24 hours but associated with MR or CT findings of a new, neuroanatomically relevant, cerebral infarct. Transient Ischemic Attack is defined as acute focal neurological deficit (defined as focal motor deficit, aphasia, difficulty walking, hemisensory deficit, amaurosis fugax, blindness, or focal visual deficit) presumed due to focal ischemia, lasting between 5 minutes and 24 hours, that is not associated with MR or CT findings of a new cerebral infarct]. The diagnosis of cryptogenic embolic stroke or TIA has to be confirmed by a neurologist.
- The size of PFO must be amenable to selection of a Cocoon PFO Occluder or Amplatzer PFO closure device.
- Patients are informed of the nature of the trial and agree to all requirements for participation in the trial, signed the informed consent form, and agreed to complete the follow-up and follow-up examination
Exclusion Criteria:
- Patients who have definite causes of stroke or transient ischemic attack unrelated to the PFO
- RLS caused by other causes, such as atrial septal defect or pulmonary arteriovenous shunt
- Patients with atrial fibrillation/atrial flutter (chronic or intermittent) Intracardiac thrombus or tumor
- Patients with mitral or aortic valve stenosis or severe regurgitation
- Mitral or aortic valve vegetation or prosthesis
- Active endocarditis or other untreated infectious diseases
- Dilated cardiomyopathy, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, restrictive cardiomyopathy
- Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) <35%
- Left ventricular aneurysm or akinesis Myocardial infarction or unstable angina pectoris within 12 months
- Previous intracardiac surgery or percutaneous PFO-closure
- Atherosclerosis or arteriopathy of intra- or extracranial vessels with >50% diameter stenosis in the artery supplying the infarcted territory.
- Patients with non-embolic cryptogenic stroke (for example lacunar stroke) or with other identifiable causes of stroke, including but not limited to aortic arch plaques (protruding >4 mm into the lumen), large artery atherosclerotic disease, an established cardioembolic source, small-vessel occlusive disease, or arterial dissection
- Glomerular filtration rate < 30 ml/min/1.73 m2 or with any history of renal dialysis or renal transplantation
- Severe liver function impairment (alanine aminotransferase (ALT) or aspartate aminotransferase (AST) greater than 3 times the upper limit of normal value）
- Severe pulmonary disease including pulmonary hypertension (clinical diagnosis)
- Uncontrollable hypertension or diabetes mellitus
- Contraindications to anticoagulants or antiplatelet drugs, either before or after the PFO closure procedure
- Active or planned (within 12 months) pregnancy, or lactating female patients
- Patients with hypercoagulable states
- Patients diagnosed with a neurological disease that causes progressive neurological dysfunction
- Malignant tumors or other serious diseases resulting in a life expectancy of less than 12 months
- Anatomy in which the device would interfere with intracardiac or vascular structures
- Psychiatric conditions that may interfere with medical compliance and compliance with follow-up
- Patient is currently participating in another investigational drug or device study that has not reached its primary endpoint yet
- Patient with any medical condition that would make him/her inappropriate for treatment as per the current IFU of respective devices or in the opinion of the Investigator
- Inability to obtain Informed Consent from patient or legally authorized representatives
- Stroke with poor outcome at time of enrollment (Modified Rankin score >3)
- Subjects who will not be available for follow up for the duration of the trial
学习计划
研究是如何设计的？
设计细节
- 主要用途：治疗
- 分配：随机化
- 介入模型：并行分配
- 屏蔽：单身的
武器和干预
参与者组/臂 |
干预/治疗 |
|---|---|
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实验性的：Cocoon PFO Occluder - experimental
Participants undergo percutaneous closure of patent foramen ovale (PFO) using the Cocoon PFO Occluder device. The procedure is performed under standard clinical practice. Follow-up includes echocardiographic assessment of PFO closure and routine clinical evaluations. Participants are assigned to the two study arms using a 3:1 randomization scheme (Cocoon PFO Occluder : Amplatzer PFO Occluder). |
Percutaneous PFO closure performed according to standard clinical practice. The procedure is scheduled within 45 days after randomization and includes initiation of dual antiplatelet therapy before the intervention. Closure is performed following the Instructions for Use (IFU) of the assigned device and is guided by intracardiac echocardiography or transesophageal echocardiography. After device implantation, patients undergo routine post-procedure assessment and are instructed to follow antiplatelet therapy consistent with European clinical practice guidelines. Endocarditis prophylaxis is recommended for six months. The procedural steps are identical for both study arms; the only difference is the device implanted (Cocoon PFO Occluder or Amplatzer PFO Occluder). Participants are assigned to the two study arms using a 3:1 randomization scheme (Cocoon PFO Occluder : Amplatzer PFO Occluder). |
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有源比较器：Amplatzer PFO Occluder - Control
Participants undergo percutaneous closure of patent foramen ovale (PFO) using the Amplatzer PFO Occluder device, considered the current standard of care. Follow-up includes echocardiographic assessment of PFO closure and routine clinical evaluations. Participants are assigned to the two study arms using a 3:1 randomization scheme (Cocoon PFO Occluder : Amplatzer PFO Occluder). |
Percutaneous PFO closure performed according to standard clinical practice. The procedure is scheduled within 45 days after randomization and includes initiation of dual antiplatelet therapy before the intervention. Closure is performed following the Instructions for Use (IFU) of the assigned device and is guided by intracardiac echocardiography or transesophageal echocardiography. After device implantation, patients undergo routine post-procedure assessment and are instructed to follow antiplatelet therapy consistent with European clinical practice guidelines. Endocarditis prophylaxis is recommended for six months. The procedural steps are identical for both study arms; the only difference is the device implanted (Cocoon PFO Occluder or Amplatzer PFO Occluder). Participants are assigned to the two study arms using a 3:1 randomization scheme (Cocoon PFO Occluder : Amplatzer PFO Occluder). |
研究衡量的是什么？
主要结果指标
结果测量 |
措施说明 |
大体时间 |
|---|---|---|
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Composite endpoint of recurrent ischemic stroke, TIA, or all-cause death at 12 months
大体时间：12 months after the procedure
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A non-inferiority comparison between the Cocoon PFO Occluder and the Amplatzer PFO Occluder in terms of a composite endpoint including:
|
12 months after the procedure
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次要结果测量
结果测量 |
措施说明 |
大体时间 |
|---|---|---|
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PFO Closure Rate
大体时间：6 months
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Complete closure is defined as right-to-left shunt (RLS) grade 0. Effective closure is defined as RLS grade 0 or 1 on imaging (TTE as default, TOE when clinically indicated) |
6 months
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Composite of Recurrent Ischemic Stroke, TIA, or Death
大体时间：30 days and 6 months
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Composite endpoint including recurrent ischemic stroke, TIA (neurologist-confirmed), or all-cause mortality. |
30 days and 6 months
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Neurological Death
大体时间：30 days, 6 months, 12 months
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Death attributable to neurological causes. |
30 days, 6 months, 12 months
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Cardiovascular Death
大体时间：30 days, 6 months, 12 months
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Death attributable to cardiovascular causes. |
30 days, 6 months, 12 months
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Recurrent Symptomatic Non-Fatal Stroke
大体时间：30 days, 6 months, 12 months
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TIA defined according to the same criteria as the primary endpoint and confirmed by a neurologist |
30 days, 6 months, 12 months
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Serious Adverse Events (SAE)
大体时间：30 days, 6 months, 12 months
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Incidence of any serious adverse event as defined by standard reporting criteria. |
30 days, 6 months, 12 months
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Device- or Procedure-Related Serious Adverse Events
大体时间：30 days, 6 months, 12 months
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SAE related to the device or procedure, including but not limited to: death, systemic embolism, device embolization or malposition, device thrombosis, cardiac injury/perforation, pericardial tamponade/effusion, endocarditis, atrial fibrillation, and severe vascular access complications |
30 days, 6 months, 12 months
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Clinically Significant New Atrial Arrhythmia
大体时间：30 days, 6 months, 12 months
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New atrial arrhythmia (including AF) confirmed by ECG, Holter, or approved monitoring device. AF defined per international guidelines (≥30-second episode with absence of P waves and irregular RR intervals). |
30 days, 6 months, 12 months
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Device Success
大体时间：Immediately after the procedure
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Successful delivery, deployment at intended site, and retrieval of the delivery system. |
Immediately after the procedure
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Procedural Success
大体时间：At hospital discharge
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Device success without device- or procedure-related SAE prior to discharge |
At hospital discharge
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Change in Monthly Migraine Days
大体时间：Months 9-12 vs. baseline (3 months before implantation)
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Change in monthly migraine days in patients with a neurologist-confirmed diagnosis of migraine. |
Months 9-12 vs. baseline (3 months before implantation)
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Quality of Life (SF-36 Score)
大体时间：6 months, 12 months
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Assessment of quality of life using the SF-36 questionnaire. |
6 months, 12 months
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Systemic Embolism
大体时间：30 days, 6 months, 12 months
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Incidence of systemic embolic events confirmed clinically or by imaging |
30 days, 6 months, 12 months
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Possible/Probable Device-Related Allergy
大体时间：12 months
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Device-related allergic reactions adjudicated by the Clinical Events Committee (CEC) |
12 months
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Echocardiographic Markers of Device Endothelialization
大体时间：At 6 months (±1 month) post-procedure At 12 months (±2 months) post-procedure Additional TOE as clinically indicated through study completion (up to 12 months)
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Evaluation of endothelialization using surrogate TOE markers: device surface echogenicity, peri-device flow, presence of thrombus/mass, visible disc surface area, and bubble contrast washout. Data will be summarized as the proportion of participants meeting criteria for complete endothelialization at each follow-up time point. |
At 6 months (±1 month) post-procedure At 12 months (±2 months) post-procedure Additional TOE as clinically indicated through study completion (up to 12 months)
|
合作者和调查者
调查人员
- 首席研究员：Giuseppe Tarantini, MD, PhD, FESC、University of Padova
出版物和有用的链接
一般刊物
- Mas JL, Derumeaux G, Guillon B, Massardier E, Hosseini H, Mechtouff L, Arquizan C, Bejot Y, Vuillier F, Detante O, Guidoux C, Canaple S, Vaduva C, Dequatre-Ponchelle N, Sibon I, Garnier P, Ferrier A, Timsit S, Robinet-Borgomano E, Sablot D, Lacour JC, Zuber M, Favrole P, Pinel JF, Apoil M, Reiner P, Lefebvre C, Guerin P, Piot C, Rossi R, Dubois-Rande JL, Eicher JC, Meneveau N, Lusson JR, Bertrand B, Schleich JM, Godart F, Thambo JB, Leborgne L, Michel P, Pierard L, Turc G, Barthelet M, Charles-Nelson A, Weimar C, Moulin T, Juliard JM, Chatellier G; CLOSE Investigators. Patent Foramen Ovale Closure or Anticoagulation vs. Antiplatelets after Stroke. N Engl J Med. 2017 Sep 14;377(11):1011-1021. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1705915.
- Lee PH, Song JK, Kim JS, Heo R, Lee S, Kim DH, Song JM, Kang DH, Kwon SU, Kang DW, Lee D, Kwon HS, Yun SC, Sun BJ, Park JH, Lee JH, Jeong HS, Song HJ, Kim J, Park SJ. Cryptogenic Stroke and High-Risk Patent Foramen Ovale: The DEFENSE-PFO Trial. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2018 May 22;71(20):2335-2342. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2018.02.046. Epub 2018 Mar 12.
- Carroll JD, Saver JL, Thaler DE, Smalling RW, Berry S, MacDonald LA, Marks DS, Tirschwell DL; RESPECT Investigators. Closure of patent foramen ovale versus medical therapy after cryptogenic stroke. N Engl J Med. 2013 Mar 21;368(12):1092-100. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1301440.
- Turc G, Calvet D, Guerin P, Sroussi M, Chatellier G, Mas JL; CLOSE Investigators. Closure, Anticoagulation, or Antiplatelet Therapy for Cryptogenic Stroke With Patent Foramen Ovale: Systematic Review of Randomized Trials, Sequential Meta-Analysis, and New Insights From the CLOSE Study. J Am Heart Assoc. 2018 Jun 17;7(12):e008356. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.117.008356.
- Testa L, Popolo Rubbio A, Squillace M, Albano F, Cesario V, Casenghi M, Tarantini G, Pagnotta P, Ielasi A, Popusoi G, Paloscia L, Durante A, Maffeo D, Meucci F, Valentini G, Ussia GP, Cioffi P, Cortese B, Sangiorgi G, Contegiacomo G, Bedogni F. Patent foramen ovale occlusion with the Cocoon PFO Occluder. The PROS-IT collaborative project. Front Cardiovasc Med. 2023 Jan 11;9:1064026. doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.1064026. eCollection 2022.
- Meier B, Kalesan B, Mattle HP, Khattab AA, Hildick-Smith D, Dudek D, Andersen G, Ibrahim R, Schuler G, Walton AS, Wahl A, Windecker S, Juni P; PC Trial Investigators. Percutaneous closure of patent foramen ovale in cryptogenic embolism. N Engl J Med. 2013 Mar 21;368(12):1083-91. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1211716.
- Furlan AJ, Reisman M, Massaro J, Mauri L, Adams H, Albers GW, Felberg R, Herrmann H, Kar S, Landzberg M, Raizner A, Wechsler L; CLOSURE I Investigators. Closure or medical therapy for cryptogenic stroke with patent foramen ovale. N Engl J Med. 2012 Mar 15;366(11):991-9. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1009639.
- Pristipino C, Sievert H, D'Ascenzo F, Mas JL, Meier B, Scacciatella P, Hildick-Smith D, Gaita F, Toni D, Kyrle P, Thomson J, Derumeaux G, Onorato E, Sibbing D, Germonpre P, Berti S, Chessa M, Bedogni F, Dudek D, Hornung M, Zamorano J; European Association of Percutaneous Cardiovascular Interventions (EAPCI); European Stroke Organisation (ESO); European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA); European Association for Cardiovascular Imaging (EACVI); Association for European Paediatric and Congenital Cardiology (AEPC); ESC Working group on GUCH; ESC Working group on Thrombosis; European Haematological Society (EHA). European position paper on the management of patients with patent foramen ovale. General approach and left circulation thromboembolism. EuroIntervention. 2019 Jan 20;14(13):1389-1402. doi: 10.4244/EIJ-D-18-00622. No abstract available.
研究记录日期
研究主要日期
学习开始 (实际的)
初级完成 (估计的)
研究完成 (估计的)
研究注册日期
首次提交
首先提交符合 QC 标准的
首次发布 (实际的)
研究记录更新
最后更新发布 (实际的)
上次提交的符合 QC 标准的更新
最后验证
更多信息
与本研究相关的术语
其他相关的 MeSH 术语
其他研究编号
- SAFE-PFO
计划个人参与者数据 (IPD)
计划共享个人参与者数据 (IPD)？
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研究美国 FDA 监管的设备产品
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