Trial of Maraviroc (UK-427,857) in Combination With Optimized Background Therapy Versus Optimized Background Therapy Alone for the Treatment of HIV-1 Infected Subjects (MOTIVATE 1)

April 2, 2012 updated by: ViiV Healthcare

A Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of a Novel CCR5 Antagonist, UK-427,857, in Combination With Optimized Background Therapy Versus Optimized Background Therapy Alone for the Treatment of Antiretroviral-Experienced HIV-1 Infected Subjects.

Maraviroc (UK-427,857), a selective and reversible CCR5 coreceptor antagonist, has been shown to be active in vitro against a wide range of clinical isolates (including those resistant to existing classes). In HIV-1 infected patients, maraviroc (UK-427,857) given as monotherapy for 10 days reduced HIV-1 viral load by up to 1.6 log, consistent with currently available agents. Safety and toleration have been studied in over 400 subjects for up to 28 days at 300 mg twice daily. No significant effects were seen on the QTc interval. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the antiretroviral activity of maraviroc (UK-427,857) in HIV infected, treatment experienced patients who are failing their current antiretroviral regimen and are infected with R5-tropic virus exclusively. This study will involve more than 100 centers from the US and Canada to achieve a total randomized subject population of 500 subjects. Patients will be randomly (2:2:1) assigned to one of three groups: Optimized Background Therapy [OBT (3-6 drugs based on treatment history and resistance testing)] + maraviroc (UK-427,857) 150 mg taken once daily, OBT + maraviroc (UK-427,857) 150 mg taken twice daily, or OBT alone. The study will enroll over approximately a 9 month period with 48 weeks of treatment. This may be extended for an additional year depending on the results at 48 weeks. Physical examinations will be performed at study entry, weeks 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, 32, 40, and 48. Blood samples will also be taken at study entry, weeks 2, 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, 32, 40, and 48. Additionally, blood samples will be drawn twice, at least 30 minutes apart, at weeks 2 and 24 for maraviroc (UK-427,857) pharmacokinetic analysis. As part of this clinical study a blood sample will also be taken for non-anonymized pharmacogenetic analysis. Patients will undergo a 12-lead electrocardiogram at study entry, weeks 24 and 48.

Study Overview

Status

Status

Indicates the current recruitment status or the expanded access status.
Completed

Conditions

Conditions

The disease, disorder, syndrome, illness, or injury that is being studied. On ClinicalTrials.gov, conditions may also include other health-related issues, such as lifespan, quality of life, and health risks.

Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.

Study Type

Study Type

Describes the nature of a clinical study. Study types include interventional studies (also called clinical trials), observational studies (including patient registries), and expanded access.
Interventional

Enrollment (Actual)

Enrollment

The number of participants in a clinical study. The "anticipated" enrollment is the target number of participants that the researchers need for the study.
601

Phase

Phase

The stage of a clinical trial studying a drug or biological product, based on definitions developed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The phase is based on the study's objective, the number of participants, and other characteristics. There are five phases: Early Phase 1 (formerly listed as Phase 0), Phase 1, Phase 2, Phase 3, and Phase 4. Not Applicable is used to describe trials without FDA-defined phases, including trials of devices or behavioral interventions.
  • Phase 2
  • Phase 3

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • Canada
    • British Columbia
      • Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6Z 1Y6
        • Pfizer Investigational Site
    • Quebec
      • Montreal, Quebec, Canada, H2L 4P9
        • Pfizer Investigational Site
  • United States
    • California
      • Sacramento, California, United States, 95825
        • Pfizer Investigational Site
      • San Francisco, California, United States, 94115
        • Pfizer Investigational Site
      • San Francisco, California, United States, 94118
        • Pfizer Investigational Site
      • San Francisco, California, United States, 94121
        • Pfizer Investigational Site
    • Colorado
      • Auroa, Colorado, United States, 80045
        • Pfizer Investigational Site
      • Aurora, Colorado, United States, 80045
        • Pfizer Investigational Site
    • District of Columbia
      • Washington, District of Columbia, United States, 20036
        • Pfizer Investigational Site
    • Florida
      • Tampa, Florida, United States, 33602
        • Pfizer Investigational Site
      • Tampa, Florida, United States, 33614
        • Pfizer Investigational Site
      • Vero Beach, Florida, United States, 32960
        • Pfizer Investigational Site
    • Georgia
      • Atlanta, Georgia, United States, 30308
        • Pfizer Investigational Site
    • Louisiana
      • New Orleans, Louisiana, United States, 70112
        • Pfizer Investigational Site
    • New Mexico
      • Santa Fe, New Mexico, United States, 87505
        • Pfizer Investigational Site
    • New York
      • Bronx, New York, United States, 10467
        • Pfizer Investigational Site
      • New York, New York, United States, 10003
        • Pfizer Investigational Site
      • Rochester, New York, United States, 14642
        • Pfizer Investigational Site
    • Ohio
      • Cincinnati, Ohio, United States, 45267-0405
        • Pfizer Investigational Site
    • Oregon
      • Portland, Oregon, United States, 97219
        • Pfizer Investigational Site
    • Texas
      • Austin, Texas, United States, 78705
        • Pfizer Investigational Site
    • Virginia
      • Annandale, Virginia, United States, 22003
        • Pfizer Investigational Site

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

The key requirements that people who want to participate in a clinical study must meet or the characteristics they must have. Eligibility criteria consist of both inclusion criteria (which are required for a person to participate in the study) and exclusion criteria (which prevent a person from participating). Types of eligibility criteria include whether a study accepts healthy volunteers, has age or age group requirements, or is limited by sex.

Ages Eligible for Study

16 years and older (Child, Adult, Older Adult)

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Genders Eligible for Study

All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Men or women at least 16 years of age (or minimum age as determined by local regulatory authorities)
  • HIV-1 RNA viral load of greater than or equal to 5,000 copies/mL
  • Stable pre-study antiretroviral regimen, or on no antiretroviral agents, for at least 4 weeks
  • Documented genotypic or phenotypic resistance to three of the four antiretroviral drug classes, OR, Antiretroviral-class experience greater than or equal to 6 months (sequential or cumulative) with at least three of the following: One nucleoside or nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitor, one non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor, two protease inhibitors (excluding low-dose ritonavir) and/or enfuvirtide
  • Be willing to remain on randomized treatment without any changes or additions to the OBT regimen, except for toxicity management or upon meeting criteria for treatment failure
  • A negative urine pregnancy test at the baseline visit for Women of Child Bearing Potential (WOCBP)
  • Effective barrier contraception for WOCBP and males

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Patients requiring treatment with more than 6 antiretroviral agents (excluding low-dose ritonavir)
  • Prior treatment with maraviroc (UK-427,857) or another experimental HIV entry inhibitor for more than 14 days
  • Suspected or documented active, untreated HIV-1 related opportunistic infection (OI) or other condition requiring acute therapy
  • Treatment for an active opportunistic infection, or unexplained temperature >38.5 degrees Celsius for 7 consecutive days
  • Active alcohol or substance abuse sufficient, in the Investigator's judgement, to prevent adherence to study medication and/or follow up
  • Lactating women, or planned pregnancy during the trial period
  • Significant renal insufficiency
  • Previous therapy with a potentially myelosuppressive, neurotoxic, hepatoxic and/or cytotoxic agent within 30 days prior to randomization or the expected need for such therapy during the study period
  • Documented or suspected acute hepatitis or pancreatitis within 30 days prior to randomization
  • Significantly elevated liver enzymes or cirrhosis
  • Significant neutropenia, anemia or thrombocytopenia
  • Malabsorption or an inability to tolerate oral medications
  • Symptomatic postural hypotension or severe cardiovascular or cerebrovascular disease
  • Certain medications
  • Malignancy requiring parenteral chemotherapy that must be continued for the duration of the trial
  • X4- or dual/mixed-tropic virus or repeated assay failure
  • Any other clinical condition that, in the Investigator's judgement, would potentially compromise study compliance or the ability to evaluate safety/efficacy

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Treatment
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: Quadruple

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm

Participant Group / Arm

A group or subgroup of participants in a clinical trial that receives a specific intervention/treatment, or no intervention, according to the trial's protocol.
Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.
Experimental: 1
Drug: Maraviroc (UK-427,857)
Maraviroc was given either once or twice per day with the dose adjusted according to the optimized background therapy
Other Names:
  • Selzentry
Drug: Optimized Background Therapy
Maraviroc was given either once or twice per day with the dose adjusted according to the optimized background therapy
Drug: Optimized Background Therapy
Patients will be randomly (2:2:1) assigned to one of three groups: Optimized Background Therapy [OBT (3-6 drugs based on treatment history and resistance testing)] + maraviroc (UK-427,857) 150 mg taken once daily, OBT + maraviroc (UK-427,857) 150 mg taken twice daily, or OBT alone.
Drug: Optimized Background Therapy
Patients will be randomly (2:2:1) assigned to one of three groups: Optimized Background Therapy [OBT (3-6 drugs based on treatment history and resistance testing)] + maraviroc (UK-427,857) 150 mg taken once daily, OBT + maraviroc (UK-427,857) 150 mg taken twice daily, or OBT alone. The study will enroll over approximately a 9 month period with 48 weeks of treatment.
Experimental: 2
Drug: Optimized Background Therapy
Maraviroc was given either once or twice per day with the dose adjusted according to the optimized background therapy
Drug: Optimized Background Therapy
Patients will be randomly (2:2:1) assigned to one of three groups: Optimized Background Therapy [OBT (3-6 drugs based on treatment history and resistance testing)] + maraviroc (UK-427,857) 150 mg taken once daily, OBT + maraviroc (UK-427,857) 150 mg taken twice daily, or OBT alone.
Drug: Optimized Background Therapy
Patients will be randomly (2:2:1) assigned to one of three groups: Optimized Background Therapy [OBT (3-6 drugs based on treatment history and resistance testing)] + maraviroc (UK-427,857) 150 mg taken once daily, OBT + maraviroc (UK-427,857) 150 mg taken twice daily, or OBT alone. The study will enroll over approximately a 9 month period with 48 weeks of treatment.
Drug: Placebo
Patients will be randomly (2:2:1) assigned to one of three groups: Optimized Background Therapy [OBT (3-6 drugs based on treatment history and resistance testing)] + maraviroc (UK-427,857) 150 mg taken once daily, OBT + maraviroc (UK-427,857) 150 mg taken twice daily, or OBT alone.
Experimental: 3
Drug: Optimized Background Therapy
Maraviroc was given either once or twice per day with the dose adjusted according to the optimized background therapy
Drug: Optimized Background Therapy
Patients will be randomly (2:2:1) assigned to one of three groups: Optimized Background Therapy [OBT (3-6 drugs based on treatment history and resistance testing)] + maraviroc (UK-427,857) 150 mg taken once daily, OBT + maraviroc (UK-427,857) 150 mg taken twice daily, or OBT alone.
Drug: Optimized Background Therapy
Patients will be randomly (2:2:1) assigned to one of three groups: Optimized Background Therapy [OBT (3-6 drugs based on treatment history and resistance testing)] + maraviroc (UK-427,857) 150 mg taken once daily, OBT + maraviroc (UK-427,857) 150 mg taken twice daily, or OBT alone. The study will enroll over approximately a 9 month period with 48 weeks of treatment.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, the planned outcome measure that is the most important for evaluating the effect of an intervention/treatment. Most clinical studies have one primary outcome measure, but some have more than one.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Log 10-transformed Human Immunodeficiency Virus Ribonucleic Acid (HIV-1 RNA) Levels at Baseline
Time Frame: Baseline
Baseline value calculated as average of pre-dose measurements collected at screening, randomization, and immediately pre-dose.
Baseline
Change From Baseline in Log 10-transformed HIV-1 RNA Levels at Week 24
Time Frame: Baseline and Week 24
Change from baseline in log 10-transformed plasma viral load (HIV-1 RNA) levels (log10 copies/mL). Baseline value calculated as average of pre-dose measurements collected at screening, randomization, and immediately pre-dose.
Baseline and Week 24
Change From Baseline in Log 10-transformed HIV-1 RNA Levels at Week 48
Time Frame: Baseline and Week 48
Change from baseline in log 10-transformed plasma viral load (HIV-1 RNA) levels (log10 copies/mL). Baseline value calculated as average of pre-dose measurements collected at screening, randomization and immediately pre-dose.
Baseline and Week 48

Secondary Outcome Measures

Secondary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, a planned outcome measure that is not as important as the primary outcome measure for evaluating the effect of an intervention but is still of interest. Most clinical studies have more than one secondary outcome measure.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Percentage of Participants With HIV-1 RNA Levels Less Than 400 Copies/mL
Time Frame: Week 24 and 48
Week 24 and 48
Percentage of Participants With HIV-1 RNA Levels Less Than 400 Copies/mL or With at Least 0.5 log10 Decrease From Baseline
Time Frame: Week 24 and 48
Week 24 and 48
Percentage of Participants With HIV-1 RNA Levels Less Than 400 Copies/mL or With at Least 1.0 log10 Decrease From Baseline
Time Frame: Week 24 and 48
Week 24 and 48
Percentage of Participants With HIV-1 RNA Levels Less Than 50 Copies/mL
Time Frame: Week 24 and 48
Week 24 and 48
Cluster of Differentiation 4 (CD4) and Cluster of Differentiation 8 (CD8) Cell Count at Baseline
Time Frame: Baseline
Baseline value calculated as average of pre-dose measurements collected at screening and immediately pre-dose.
Baseline
Change From Baseline in CD4 Cell Count at Week 24 and 48
Time Frame: Baseline, Week 24 and 48
Change from baseline in CD4 cell count measured as cells/µL. Baseline value calculated as the average of pre-dose measurements collected at screening and immediately pre-dose.
Baseline, Week 24 and 48
Change From Baseline in CD8 Cell Count at Week 24 and 48
Time Frame: Baseline, Week 24 and 48
Change from baseline in CD8 cell count measured as cells/µL. Baseline value calculated as the average of pre-dose measurements collected at screening and immediately pre-dose.
Baseline, Week 24 and 48
Time to Virological Failure
Time Frame: Week 48
Time to virologic failure based on observed HIV-1 RNA levels and failure events (death;permanent discontinuation of drug;lost to follow-up [LTFU];new anti-retroviral drug added [except background drug change to drug of same class];or on open label for early non-response or rebound). Failure:at Time 0 if level not <400 copies/mL(2 consecutive visits) before events or last available visit;at time of earliest event if level <400 copies/mL(2 consecutive visits);failure if level >=400 copies/mL(2 consecutive visits) or 1 visit >=400 copies/mL followed by permanent discontinuation of drug or LTFU.
Week 48
Time-Averaged Difference (TAD) From Baseline in log10 Transformed HIV-1 RNA Levels
Time Frame: Baseline to Week 24 and Week 48
TAD from baseline was calculated as area under the curve of HIV-1 RNA load (log10 copies/mL) divided by time period minus baseline HIV-1 RNA load (log10 copies/mL). Baseline value calculated as the average of pre-dose measurements collected at screening, randomization, and immediately pre-dose.
Baseline to Week 24 and Week 48
Number of Participants With Genotypic Susceptibility Scores (GSS) and Phenotypic Susceptibility Score (PSS) at Screening
Time Frame: Screening
Number of participants with GSS and PSS were used as surrogates for assessing genotype and phenotype. Genotypic and phenotypic resistance to protease inhibitors(PIs), nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors(NRTIs), non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors(NNRTIs) were evaluated at screening (not at baseline), by Monogram Biosciences PhenoSense genotyping (GT) assay. Score was determined for each drug in OBT, giving 1:drug 'sensitive'/'susceptible' and 0:'resistant'. GSS and PSS score range:0 to >3. Genotypic enfuvirtide value was used for PSS, no phenotypic enfuvirtide was recorded.
Screening
Number of Participants With Change in GSS and PSS From Screening at the Time of Treatment Failure Through Week 24
Time Frame: Screening and time of failure through week 24
Number of participants with GSS and PSS were used as surrogates for assessing genotype and phenotype. Genotypic and phenotypic resistance to PIs, NRTIs and NNRTIs were evaluated at screening and time of treatment failure analyzed through week 24 visit, by Monogram Biosciences PhenoSense GT assay. Score was determined for each drug in OBT, giving 1: drug 'sensitive'/'susceptible' and 0: 'resistant'. GSS and PSS score range:0 to >3. Genotypic enfuvirtide value was used for PSS, no phenotypic enfuvirtide was recorded.
Screening and time of failure through week 24
Number of Participants With Change in GSS and PSS From Screening at the Time of Treatment Failure at Week 48
Time Frame: Screening and time of failure through week 48
Number of participants with GSS and PSS were used as surrogates for assessing genotype and phenotype. Genotypic and phenotypic resistance to PIs, NRTIs and NNRTIs were evaluated at screening and time of treatment failure analyzed through week 48 visit, by Monogram Biosciences PhenoSense GT assay. Score was determined for each drug in OBT, giving 1: drug 'sensitive'/'susceptible' and 0: 'resistant'. GSS and PSS score range:0 to >3. Genotypic enfuvirtide value was used for PSS, no phenotypic enfuvirtide was recorded.
Screening and time of failure through week 48
Number of Participants Per Tropism Status at Baseline and at the Time of Treatment Failure Through Week 24
Time Frame: Baseline and time of failure through week 24
Number of participants per tropism status (C-X-C chemokine receptor 5 {CCR5} [R5], C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 {CXCR4} [X4], Dual/mixed [DM], or Non-reportable/Non-phenotypable [NR/NP]) at baseline and time of treatment failure analyzed through week 24 visit. Treatment failure defined as discontinuation due to insufficient clinical response. HIV-1 RNA viral load <500 copies/mL categorized as below lower limit of quantification (BLQ). The assessment for time of treatment failure was defined as the last on treatment assessment.
Baseline and time of failure through week 24
Number of Participants Per Tropism Status at Baseline and at the Time of Treatment Failure Through Week 48
Time Frame: Baseline and time of failure through week 48
Number of participants per tropism status (R5, X4, DM, or NR/NP) at baseline and time of treatment failure analyzed through week 48 visit. Treatment failure defined as insufficient clinical response. HIV-1 RNA viral load <500 copies/mL categorized as BLQ. The assessment for time of treatment failure was defined as the last on treatment assessment.
Baseline and time of failure through week 48
Change From Baseline in Viral Load at Week 24 and Week 48 by Overall Susceptibility Score (OSS) at Screening
Time Frame: Baseline, Week 24 and Week 48
Association between baseline resistance and virological response was assessed as change in viral load by OSS at screening. OSS categorized as 0, 1, 2, >3 (maximum value of 6) and calculated as the sum of the net assessment of in-vitro phenotypic and genotypic susceptibility using a binary scoring system (0= resistant, 1= sensitive or susceptible) for each antiretroviral agent in OBT. Higher scores indicate greater susceptibility. Baseline value is the average of the values from screening, randomization and immediately pre-dose.
Baseline, Week 24 and Week 48

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Sponsor

The organization or person who initiates the study and who has authority and control over the study.
ViiV Healthcare

Collaborators

Collaborators

An organization other than the sponsor that provides support for a clinical study. This support may include activities related to funding, design, implementation, data analysis, or reporting.
Pfizer

Publications and helpful links

The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.

General Publications

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start

Study Start

The actual date on which the first participant was enrolled in a clinical study. The "anticipated" study start date is the date that the researchers think will be the study start date.
November 1, 2004

Primary Completion (Actual)

Primary Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention to collect final data for the primary outcome measure. Whether the clinical study ended according to the protocol or was terminated does not affect this date. For clinical studies with more than one primary outcome measure with different completion dates, this term refers to the date on which data collection is completed for all the primary outcome measures. The "anticipated" primary completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the primary completion date for the study.
April 1, 2007

Study Completion (Actual)

Study Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention/treatment to collect final data for the primary outcome measures, secondary outcome measures, and adverse events (that is, the last participant's last visit). The "anticipated" study completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the study completion date.
April 1, 2011

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

First Submitted

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submitted a study record to ClinicalTrials.gov. There is typically a delay of a few days between the first submitted date and the record's availability on ClinicalTrials.gov (the first posted date).
December 6, 2004

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submits a study record that is consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. The sponsor or investigator may need to revise and submit a study record one or more times before NLM's QC review criteria are met. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
December 6, 2004

First Posted (Estimate)

First Posted

The date on which the study record was first available on ClinicalTrials.gov after National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review has concluded. There is typically a delay of a few days between the date the study sponsor or investigator submitted the study record and the first posted date.
December 7, 2004

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Estimate)

Last Update Posted

The most recent date on which changes to a study record were made available on ClinicalTrials.gov. There may be a delay between when the changes were submitted to ClinicalTrials.gov by the study's sponsor or investigator (the last update submitted date) and the last update posted date.
April 27, 2012

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator submitted changes to a study record that are consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
April 2, 2012

Last Verified

Last Verified

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator confirmed the information about a clinical study on ClinicalTrials.gov as accurate and current. If a study with a recruitment status of recruiting; not yet recruiting; or active, not recruiting has not been confirmed within the past 2 years, the study's recruitment status is shown as unknown.
April 1, 2012

More Information

Terms related to this study

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

Other Study ID Numbers

Identifiers or ID numbers other than the NCT number that are assigned to a clinical study by the study's sponsor, funders, or others. These numbers may include unique identifiers from other trial registries and National Institutes of Health grant numbers.
  • A4001027

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