A Comparison of Two Treatment Strategies in Older Participants With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) (IMPERIUM)

September 25, 2019 updated by: Eli Lilly and Company

An Individualized treatMent aPproach for oldER patIents: A Randomized, Controlled stUdy in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (IMPERIUM)

The main purpose of this study is to compare the benefits and risks associated with the use of 2 treatment strategies to lower blood sugar in participants aged 65 and older with T2DM. One strategy is based on the use of oral and injectable medications that only reduce blood sugar (glucose) when it is high. The other strategy is based on non-glucose dependent agents. The trial will last up to 72 weeks for each participant.

Study Overview

Status

Status

Indicates the current recruitment status or the expanded access status.
Terminated

Conditions

Conditions

The disease, disorder, syndrome, illness, or injury that is being studied. On ClinicalTrials.gov, conditions may also include other health-related issues, such as lifespan, quality of life, and health risks.

Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.

Study Type

Study Type

Describes the nature of a clinical study. Study types include interventional studies (also called clinical trials), observational studies (including patient registries), and expanded access.
Interventional

Enrollment (Actual)

Enrollment

The number of participants in a clinical study. The "anticipated" enrollment is the target number of participants that the researchers need for the study.
192

Phase

Phase

The stage of a clinical trial studying a drug or biological product, based on definitions developed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The phase is based on the study's objective, the number of participants, and other characteristics. There are five phases: Early Phase 1 (formerly listed as Phase 0), Phase 1, Phase 2, Phase 3, and Phase 4. Not Applicable is used to describe trials without FDA-defined phases, including trials of devices or behavioral interventions.
  • Phase 4

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • Austria
      • Saint Stefan Ob Stainz, Austria, A-8511
        • For additional information regarding investigative sites for this trial, contact 1-877-CTLILLY (1-877-285-4559, 1-317-615-4559) Mon - Fri from 9 AM to 5 PM Eastern Time (UTC/GMT - 5 hours, EST), or speak with your personal physician.
      • Salzburg, Austria, 5026
        • For additional information regarding investigative sites for this trial, contact 1-877-CTLILLY (1-877-285-4559, 1-317-615-4559) Mon - Fri from 9 AM to 5 PM Eastern Time (UTC/GMT - 5 hours, EST), or speak with your personal physician.
      • Vienna, Austria, A-1060
        • For additional information regarding investigative sites for this trial, contact 1-877-CTLILLY (1-877-285-4559, 1-317-615-4559) Mon - Fri from 9 AM to 5 PM Eastern Time (UTC/GMT - 5 hours, EST), or speak with your personal physician.
      • Wien, Austria, A 1210
        • For additional information regarding investigative sites for this trial, contact 1-877-CTLILLY (1-877-285-4559, 1-317-615-4559) Mon - Fri from 9 AM to 5 PM Eastern Time (UTC/GMT - 5 hours, EST), or speak with your personal physician.
  • Germany
      • Berlin, Germany, 10409
        • For additional information regarding investigative sites for this trial, contact 1-877-CTLILLY (1-877-285-4559, 1-317-615-4559) Mon - Fri from 9 AM to 5 PM Eastern Time (UTC/GMT - 5 hours, EST), or speak with your personal physician.
      • Dortmund, Germany, 44137
        • For additional information regarding investigative sites for this trial, contact 1-877-CTLILLY (1-877-285-4559, 1-317-615-4559) Mon - Fri from 9 AM to 5 PM Eastern Time (UTC/GMT - 5 hours, EST), or speak with your personal physician.
      • Hamburg, Germany, 22607
        • For additional information regarding investigative sites for this trial, contact 1-877-CTLILLY (1-877-285-4559, 1-317-615-4559) Mon - Fri from 9 AM to 5 PM Eastern Time (UTC/GMT - 5 hours, EST), or speak with your personal physician.
      • Mainz, Germany, 55116
        • For additional information regarding investigative sites for this trial, contact 1-877-CTLILLY (1-877-285-4559, 1-317-615-4559) Mon - Fri from 9 AM to 5 PM Eastern Time (UTC/GMT - 5 hours, EST), or speak with your personal physician.
      • Münster, Germany, 48145
        • For additional information regarding investigative sites for this trial, contact 1-877-CTLILLY (1-877-285-4559, 1-317-615-4559) Mon - Fri from 9 AM to 5 PM Eastern Time (UTC/GMT - 5 hours, EST), or speak with your personal physician.
      • Neuwied, Germany, 56564
        • For additional information regarding investigative sites for this trial, contact 1-877-CTLILLY (1-877-285-4559, 1-317-615-4559) Mon - Fri from 9 AM to 5 PM Eastern Time (UTC/GMT - 5 hours, EST), or speak with your personal physician.
      • Stuttgart, Germany, 70378
        • For additional information regarding investigative sites for this trial, contact 1-877-CTLILLY (1-877-285-4559, 1-317-615-4559) Mon - Fri from 9 AM to 5 PM Eastern Time (UTC/GMT - 5 hours, EST), or speak with your personal physician.
  • Puerto Rico
      • Manati, Puerto Rico, 00674
        • Manati Medical Center
      • San Juan, Puerto Rico, 00917-3104
        • American Telemedicine Center
  • United Kingdom
      • Manchester, United Kingdom, M41 5SL
        • For additional information regarding investigative sites for this trial, contact 1-877-CTLILLY (1-877-285-4559, 1-317-615-4559) Mon - Fri from 9 AM to 5 PM Eastern Time (UTC/GMT - 5 hours, EST), or speak with your personal physician.
    • Manchester
      • Salford, Manchester, United Kingdom, M6 8HD
        • For additional information regarding investigative sites for this trial, contact 1-877-CTLILLY (1-877-285-4559, 1-317-615-4559) Mon - Fri from 9 AM to 5 PM Eastern Time (UTC/GMT - 5 hours, EST), or speak with your personal physician.
    • Scotland
      • Dundee, Scotland, United Kingdom, DD1 9SY
        • For additional information regarding investigative sites for this trial, contact 1-877-CTLILLY (1-877-285-4559, 1-317-615-4559) Mon - Fri from 9 AM to 5 PM Eastern Time (UTC/GMT - 5 hours, EST), or speak with your personal physician.
    • South Yorkshire
      • Sheffield, South Yorkshire, United Kingdom, S5 7AU
        • For additional information regarding investigative sites for this trial, contact 1-877-CTLILLY (1-877-285-4559, 1-317-615-4559) Mon - Fri from 9 AM to 5 PM Eastern Time (UTC/GMT - 5 hours, EST), or speak with your personal physician.
    • Suffolk
      • Ipswich, Suffolk, United Kingdom, IP4 5PD
        • For additional information regarding investigative sites for this trial, contact 1-877-CTLILLY (1-877-285-4559, 1-317-615-4559) Mon - Fri from 9 AM to 5 PM Eastern Time (UTC/GMT - 5 hours, EST), or speak with your personal physician.
  • United States
    • Florida
      • Miami, Florida, United States, 33175
        • New Horizon Research Center
      • Miami, Florida, United States, 33135
        • Suncoast Research Group, LLC
      • New Port Richey, Florida, United States, 34652
        • Suncoast Clinical Research
      • Orlando, Florida, United States, 32804
        • Florida Hospital
    • Georgia
      • Athens, Georgia, United States, 30606
        • Athens Primary Care
      • Suwanee, Georgia, United States, 30024
        • Herman Clinical Research, LLC
    • Idaho
      • Idaho Falls, Idaho, United States, 83404
        • Rocky Mountain Diabetes and Osteoporosis Center
    • Iowa
      • Des Moines, Iowa, United States, 50314
        • Iderc, P.L.C.
    • Kansas
      • Topeka, Kansas, United States, 66606
        • Cotton O'Neil Clinic
    • Missouri
      • Saint Louis, Missouri, United States, 63141
        • Mercy Health Research
    • New Hampshire
      • Nashua, New Hampshire, United States, 03063
        • Southern New Hampshire Diabetes and Endocrinology
    • Pennsylvania
      • Beaver, Pennsylvania, United States, 15009
        • Heritage Valley Medical Group, Inc.
      • Levittown, Pennsylvania, United States, 19056
        • Family Medical Associates
    • South Carolina
      • Myrtle Beach, South Carolina, United States, 29572
        • Carolina Health Specialists
    • Texas
      • Dallas, Texas, United States, 75230
        • Dallas Diabetes Endocrine Center
    • Washington
      • Spokane, Washington, United States, 99202
        • Rockwood Clinic Research Center

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

The key requirements that people who want to participate in a clinical study must meet or the characteristics they must have. Eligibility criteria consist of both inclusion criteria (which are required for a person to participate in the study) and exclusion criteria (which prevent a person from participating). Types of eligibility criteria include whether a study accepts healthy volunteers, has age or age group requirements, or is limited by sex.

Ages Eligible for Study

65 years and older (Older Adult)

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Genders Eligible for Study

All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Have T2DM based on a history and clinical impression that is consistent with the World Health Organization (WHO) Classification of Diabetes
  • Have a Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS) score of 4 or above or Total Illness Burden Index (TIBI) score of 5 or above as assessed at screening
  • Have an A1c >7.3% and <10.9% at study entry and are not achieving desired glycemic control as evidenced by A1c measurement at least 0.4% higher than individualized treatment target set at screening.

  • Have been treated for at least 3 months prior to the study entry with any of the following treatment options:

    • Diet/exercise only (only if they have known contraindications to metformin treatment)
    • Any dose of sulfonylurea

    • Effective or maximally-tolerated doses of metformin, dipeptidyl-peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor, thiazolidinedione, or acarbose used in monotherapy or in dual combination. The following doses are considered to be effective:

      • at least 1500 mg of metformin per day
      • At least 30 mg of pioglitazone per day
      • At least 4 mg of rosiglitazone per day
      • At least 75 mg of acarbose per day
      • Any marketed dose of DPP-4 inhibitor

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Are currently enrolled in a clinical trial involving an investigational product or nonapproved use of a drug or device (other than the investigational product used in this study), or concurrently enrolled in any other type of medical research judged not to be scientifically or medically compatible with this study
  • Have participated, within the last 60 days in a clinical trial involving an investigational product other than the investigational product used in this study. If the previous investigational product has a long half-life, 3 months or 5 half-lives (whichever is longer) should have passed
  • Have previously completed or withdrawn from this study. This exclusion criterion does not apply to participants who are rescreened prior to randomization
  • At study entry, have contraindications to sulfonylurea, insulin, or GLP-1 RA
  • Have a history of pancreatitis, a personal or family history of medullary thyroid carcinoma, or have Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia syndrome type 2
  • Have taken any injectable glucose-lowering agent, miglitol, meglitinide, Sodium/Glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor, or other antihyperglycemia treatment that is not listed in the fourth inclusion criterion for more than 10 days within 3 months prior to the study entry
  • In the opinion of investigator should have an individualized A1c target set at 8% or higher
  • Have a body mass index (BMI) greater than 45 kg/m^2
  • Have had more than 1 episode of severe hypoglycemia within 24 weeks prior to the study
  • Have cardiac disease with functional status that is Class III or IV according to the New York Heart Association Cardiac Disease Classification
  • Have an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <30 milliliter/minute/1.73 m^2 (mL/min/1.73 m^2) or advanced renal disease including history of renal transplantation or currently receiving renal dialysis
  • Have obvious clinical signs or symptoms or laboratory evidence of liver disease (alanine aminotransferase [ALT] or aspartate aminotransferase [AST] > 2.5 times the upper limit of the reference range)
  • Receive current therapy for a malignancy, other than basal-cell or squamous-cell skin cancer
  • Received systemic glucocorticoids within the 3 months prior to entry for more than 14 consecutive days
  • Have any other condition that precludes the participant from following and completing the study

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Treatment
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: None (Open Label)

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm

Participant Group / Arm

A group or subgroup of participants in a clinical trial that receives a specific intervention/treatment, or no intervention, according to the trial's protocol.
Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.
Experimental: Strategy A (Glucose-Dependent)
Participants may receive oral and injectable (glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists [GLP-1 RA]) therapies that exert a glucose-dependent mode of action. Medications allowed in this arm include: metformin, pioglitazone, acarbose, linagliptin, sitagliptin, liraglutide, exenatide once weekly (QW), and exenatide twice daily (BID). Choice of therapy is based on investigator's discretion. Treatment used in label. Treatment may last up to 72 weeks.
Drug: Metformin
Administered orally
Drug: Sitagliptin
Administered orally
Drug: Pioglitazone
Administered orally
Drug: Acarbose
Administered orally
Drug: Linagliptin
Administered orally
Drug: Liraglutide
Administered subcutaneously (SC)
Drug: Exenatide once weekly (QW)
Administered SC
Drug: Exenatide twice daily (BID)
Administered SC
Active Comparator: Strategy B (Reference)
Participants will receive glimepiride and may receive basal insulin glargine as a first line injectable therapy. Medications allowed in this arm include: glimepiride, metformin, pioglitazone, acarbose, linagliptin, sitagliptin and basal insulin glargine. Choice of therapy is based on investigator's discretion. Treatment used in label. Insulin glargine is titrated according treatment algorithm. Treatment may last up to 72 weeks.
Drug: Metformin
Administered orally
Drug: Insulin Glargine
Administered SC
Drug: Sitagliptin
Administered orally
Drug: Glimepiride
Administered orally
Drug: Pioglitazone
Administered orally
Drug: Acarbose
Administered orally
Drug: Linagliptin
Administered orally

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, the planned outcome measure that is the most important for evaluating the effect of an intervention/treatment. Most clinical studies have one primary outcome measure, but some have more than one.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Percentage of Participants Achieving and Maintaining Individualized Glycated Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) Targets Without Clinically Significant Hypoglycemia
Time Frame: Baseline to last participant visit (up to 72 weeks)
Failed to reach and maintain HbA1c target, without clinically significant hypoglycemia, is defined as having 2 consecutive HbA1c > upper limit of HbA1c target over 12 weeks starting from Week 24 for participants with HbA1c data beyond Week 24, or Week 24 HbA1c > upper limit of HbA1c target for participants without HbA1c data beyond Week 24. Clinically significant hypoglycemia is defined as any severe hypoglycemia or repeated hypoglycemia interrupting participants activities or sleep and associated with blood glucose ≤3.9 millimole per liter (mmol/L), or repeated asymptomatic hypoglycemia associated with blood glucose <3.0 mmol/L. Success is defined as lacking of failure.
Baseline to last participant visit (up to 72 weeks)

Secondary Outcome Measures

Secondary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, a planned outcome measure that is not as important as the primary outcome measure for evaluating the effect of an intervention but is still of interest. Most clinical studies have more than one secondary outcome measure.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Percentage of Participants Requiring Alternative Treatment Due to Glycemic Failure of First Line Injectable Therapy
Time Frame: Baseline to last participant visit (up to 72 weeks)
Baseline to last participant visit (up to 72 weeks)
Number of Participants With Total Hypoglycemia and Other Categories of Hypoglycemia
Time Frame: Baseline to last participant visit (up to 72 weeks)
Baseline to last participant visit (up to 72 weeks)
Change From Baseline of Urinary Albumin to Creatinine Ratio
Time Frame: Baseline, Week 72
The Urinary Albumin to Creatinine Ratio is used in addition to Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR) to measure the incidence and progression of diabetic kidney disease.
Baseline, Week 72
Change From Baseline in Body Mass Index (BMI)
Time Frame: Baseline, Week 72
Baseline, Week 72
Change From Baseline of Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR)
Time Frame: Baseline, Week 72
The eGFR is used in addition to the Urinary Albumin to Creatinine Ratio to measure the incidence and progression of diabetic kidney disease.
Baseline, Week 72

Other Outcome Measures

Other Outcome Measures

For clinical trials, a planned measurement described in the protocol that is used to determine the effect of an intervention/treatment on participants. For observational studies, a measurement or observation that is used to describe patterns of diseases or traits, or associations with exposures, risk factors, or treatment. Types of outcome measures include primary outcome measure and secondary outcome measure.
Outcome Measure
Time Frame
Change From Baseline in Adult Low Blood Sugar Survey (ALBSS) Score
Time Frame: Baseline, Week 72
Baseline, Week 72
Change From Baseline in European Quality of Life-5 Dimensions 5 Levels (EQ-5D-5L) Score
Time Frame: Baseline, Week 72
Baseline, Week 72
Change From Baseline in Mini-mental State Examination (MMSE) Score
Time Frame: Baseline, Week 72
Baseline, Week 72

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Sponsor

The organization or person who initiates the study and who has authority and control over the study.
Eli Lilly and Company

Publications and helpful links

The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.

General Publications

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start

Study Start

The actual date on which the first participant was enrolled in a clinical study. The "anticipated" study start date is the date that the researchers think will be the study start date.
February 1, 2014

Primary Completion (Actual)

Primary Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention to collect final data for the primary outcome measure. Whether the clinical study ended according to the protocol or was terminated does not affect this date. For clinical studies with more than one primary outcome measure with different completion dates, this term refers to the date on which data collection is completed for all the primary outcome measures. The "anticipated" primary completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the primary completion date for the study.
October 1, 2015

Study Completion (Actual)

Study Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention/treatment to collect final data for the primary outcome measures, secondary outcome measures, and adverse events (that is, the last participant's last visit). The "anticipated" study completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the study completion date.
October 1, 2015

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

First Submitted

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submitted a study record to ClinicalTrials.gov. There is typically a delay of a few days between the first submitted date and the record's availability on ClinicalTrials.gov (the first posted date).
February 24, 2014

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submits a study record that is consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. The sponsor or investigator may need to revise and submit a study record one or more times before NLM's QC review criteria are met. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
February 24, 2014

First Posted (Estimate)

First Posted

The date on which the study record was first available on ClinicalTrials.gov after National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review has concluded. There is typically a delay of a few days between the date the study sponsor or investigator submitted the study record and the first posted date.
February 26, 2014

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

Last Update Posted

The most recent date on which changes to a study record were made available on ClinicalTrials.gov. There may be a delay between when the changes were submitted to ClinicalTrials.gov by the study's sponsor or investigator (the last update submitted date) and the last update posted date.
October 9, 2019

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator submitted changes to a study record that are consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
September 25, 2019

Last Verified

Last Verified

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator confirmed the information about a clinical study on ClinicalTrials.gov as accurate and current. If a study with a recruitment status of recruiting; not yet recruiting; or active, not recruiting has not been confirmed within the past 2 years, the study's recruitment status is shown as unknown.
September 1, 2019

More Information

Terms related to this study

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

Other Study ID Numbers

Identifiers or ID numbers other than the NCT number that are assigned to a clinical study by the study's sponsor, funders, or others. These numbers may include unique identifiers from other trial registries and National Institutes of Health grant numbers.
  • 14842
  • F3Z-MC-IOQL (Other Identifier: Eli Lilly and Company)
  • 2013-001473-24 (EudraCT Number)

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

YES

IPD Plan Description

Anonymized individual patient level data will be provided in a secure access environment upon approval of a research proposal and a signed data sharing agreement.

IPD Sharing Time Frame

Data are available 6 months after the primary publication and approval of the indication studied in the US and EU, whichever is later. Data will be indefinitely available for requesting.

IPD Sharing Access Criteria

A research proposal must be approved by an independent review panel and researchers must sign a data sharing agreement.

IPD Sharing Supporting Information Type

  • STUDY_PROTOCOL
  • SAP
  • CSR

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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