Latino Mothers as Primary Agents of Change

April 18, 2020 updated by: Guadalupe X. Ayala, San Diego State University
Entre Familia was a 4-year randomized controlled trial funded by the American Cancer Society. The study was conducted in Imperial County, California, and involved a partnership between the Institute for Behavioral and Community Health at San Diego State University and Clínicas de Salud del Pueblo, Inc. a private, non-profit corporation providing comprehensive primary care services to residents throughout Imperial and Riverside Counties. The investigators enrolled 361 Latina mothers and one of their children aged between 7 and 13 years old; in 25% of families, the father was also enrolled. Participants were randomly assigned to either an intervention or delayed-treatment control condition. The intervention consisted of a community health worker (or promotora)-delivered home-based intervention to promote healthy eating. The promotoras used a telenovela DVD series and accompanying manual, both written and produced by study staff. The intervention was delivered through 11 home visits and 4 support telephone calls over a 4 month period. Participants in the delayed-treatment condition received intervention materials when evaluation assessments had been completed. Evaluation measures were taken at baseline, 4 months (immediate post-intervention) and 10 months (6-months post intervention). Participants completed a self-report interview with study staff at each time point. Height and weight measurements were also collected for the mothers and children. The primary outcomes were changes in mothers' daily fruit and vegetable intake. Secondary outcomes for mothers, children and fathers included changes in fat intake, sugary beverage intake, parenting strategies, and perceived barriers to healthy eating.

Study Overview

Status

Status

Indicates the current recruitment status or the expanded access status.
Unknown

Conditions

Conditions

The disease, disorder, syndrome, illness, or injury that is being studied. On ClinicalTrials.gov, conditions may also include other health-related issues, such as lifespan, quality of life, and health risks.

Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.

Study Type

Study Type

Describes the nature of a clinical study. Study types include interventional studies (also called clinical trials), observational studies (including patient registries), and expanded access.
Interventional

Enrollment (Actual)

Enrollment

The number of participants in a clinical study. The "anticipated" enrollment is the target number of participants that the researchers need for the study.
361

Phase

Phase

The stage of a clinical trial studying a drug or biological product, based on definitions developed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The phase is based on the study's objective, the number of participants, and other characteristics. There are five phases: Early Phase 1 (formerly listed as Phase 0), Phase 1, Phase 2, Phase 3, and Phase 4. Not Applicable is used to describe trials without FDA-defined phases, including trials of devices or behavioral interventions.
  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • United States
    • California
      • San Diego, California, United States, 92123
        • San Diego State University Research Foundation

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

The key requirements that people who want to participate in a clinical study must meet or the characteristics they must have. Eligibility criteria consist of both inclusion criteria (which are required for a person to participate in the study) and exclusion criteria (which prevent a person from participating). Types of eligibility criteria include whether a study accepts healthy volunteers, has age or age group requirements, or is limited by sex.

Ages Eligible for Study

18 years and older (Adult, Older Adult)

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Genders Eligible for Study

Female

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

Mothers:

  • must self-identify as Latina,
  • must be able to read and speak Spanish,
  • must be at least 18 years old,
  • must be a resident of Imperial County,
  • and must plan to reside in the county for the 10 month study duration.

Children (both genders):

  • must be between the ages of 7-13 years,
  • must reside with his/her mother and her spouse/partner for at least 4 days of the week.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Families who intend to move away from Imperial County before the end of the study, and families with a family member on a medically-prescribed diet

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Prevention
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: None (Open Label)

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm

Participant Group / Arm

A group or subgroup of participants in a clinical trial that receives a specific intervention/treatment, or no intervention, according to the trial's protocol.
Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.
Experimental: Home-based promotora intervention
Study participants and their families received the home-based promotora family intervention
Behavioral: Home-based promotora family intervention
A promotora-delivered family intervention in the participant's home. Promotoras used a telenovela-style DVD and accompanying manual to deliver 11 home sessions to the family, and 4 support telephone calls, over a 4 month period.
Other Names:
  • Entre Familia: Reflejos de Salud
No Intervention: Delayed treatment control
Study participants received intervention materials after the final study evaluation measures were taken, 10 months post-baseline.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, the planned outcome measure that is the most important for evaluating the effect of an intervention/treatment. Most clinical studies have one primary outcome measure, but some have more than one.
Outcome Measure
Time Frame
Change in mother daily fruit and vegetable intake in the past month between baseline, immediate-post intervention and 6-months post-intervention, assessed using the NCI Fruit and Vegetable All-Day Screener
Time Frame: Baseline, 4 months, 10 months
Baseline, 4 months, 10 months

Secondary Outcome Measures

Secondary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, a planned outcome measure that is not as important as the primary outcome measure for evaluating the effect of an intervention but is still of interest. Most clinical studies have more than one secondary outcome measure.
Outcome Measure
Time Frame
Child, father: change in daily fruit and vegetable intake in the past month between baseline, immediate-post intervention and 6-months post-intervention, assessed using the NCI Fruit and Vegetable All-Day Screener
Time Frame: Baseline, 4 months, 10 months
Baseline, 4 months, 10 months
Mother, child, father: change in monthly fruit and vegetable variety between baseline, immediate-post intervention and 6-months post-intervention, assessed using self-reported intake of 32 fruits and 43 vegetables
Time Frame: Baseline, 4 months, 10 months
Baseline, 4 months, 10 months
Mother, father: change in perceived quality of diet between baseline, immediate-post intervention and 6-months post-intervention, assessed using one item from the 2005-06 NHANES (Diet Behavior and Nutrition module)
Time Frame: Baseline, 4 months, 10 months
Baseline, 4 months, 10 months
Mother, father: change in parenting strategies between baseline, immediate-post intervention and 6-months post-intervention, assessed using a modified version of the PEAS scale
Time Frame: Baseline, 4 months, 10 months
Baseline, 4 months, 10 months
Mother: change in social support for fruit and vegetable intake between baseline, immediate-post intervention and 6-months post-intervention, assessed using a modified version of preexisting F&V shopping practices and social support scales
Time Frame: Baseline, 4 months, 10 months
Baseline, 4 months, 10 months
Mother, child, father: change in weekly fast food intake between baseline, immediate-post intervention and 6-months post-intervention, assessed by asking for self-reported number of days in a typical week the respondent ate at fast food restaurants
Time Frame: Baseline, 4 months, 10 months
Baseline, 4 months, 10 months
Mother, father: change in perceived barriers to obtaining and consuming fruits and vegetables between baseline, immediate-post intervention and 6-months post-intervention, assessed using 11-items including ease of purchasing F&V in the neighborhood
Time Frame: Baseline, 4 months, 10 months
Baseline, 4 months, 10 months
Mother, father: change in fat intake between baseline, immediate-post intervention and 6-months post-intervention, assessed using the NCI Multifactor Fat Screener
Time Frame: Baseline, 4 months, 10 months
Baseline, 4 months, 10 months

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Sponsor

The organization or person who initiates the study and who has authority and control over the study.
San Diego State University

Collaborators

Collaborators

An organization other than the sponsor that provides support for a clinical study. This support may include activities related to funding, design, implementation, data analysis, or reporting.
American Cancer Society, Inc.

Investigators

Investigators

A researcher involved in a clinical study. Related terms include site principal investigator, site sub-investigator, study chair, study director, and study principal investigator.
  • Principal Investigator: Guadalupe X Ayala, PhD, MPH, San Diego State University

Publications and helpful links

The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.

General Publications

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start

Study Start

The actual date on which the first participant was enrolled in a clinical study. The "anticipated" study start date is the date that the researchers think will be the study start date.
July 1, 2007

Primary Completion (Actual)

Primary Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention to collect final data for the primary outcome measure. Whether the clinical study ended according to the protocol or was terminated does not affect this date. For clinical studies with more than one primary outcome measure with different completion dates, this term refers to the date on which data collection is completed for all the primary outcome measures. The "anticipated" primary completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the primary completion date for the study.
February 1, 2011

Study Completion (Anticipated)

Study Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention/treatment to collect final data for the primary outcome measures, secondary outcome measures, and adverse events (that is, the last participant's last visit). The "anticipated" study completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the study completion date.
September 1, 2020

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

First Submitted

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submitted a study record to ClinicalTrials.gov. There is typically a delay of a few days between the first submitted date and the record's availability on ClinicalTrials.gov (the first posted date).
May 6, 2015

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submits a study record that is consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. The sponsor or investigator may need to revise and submit a study record one or more times before NLM's QC review criteria are met. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
May 11, 2015

First Posted (Estimate)

First Posted

The date on which the study record was first available on ClinicalTrials.gov after National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review has concluded. There is typically a delay of a few days between the date the study sponsor or investigator submitted the study record and the first posted date.
May 12, 2015

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

Last Update Posted

The most recent date on which changes to a study record were made available on ClinicalTrials.gov. There may be a delay between when the changes were submitted to ClinicalTrials.gov by the study's sponsor or investigator (the last update submitted date) and the last update posted date.
April 21, 2020

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator submitted changes to a study record that are consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
April 18, 2020

Last Verified

Last Verified

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator confirmed the information about a clinical study on ClinicalTrials.gov as accurate and current. If a study with a recruitment status of recruiting; not yet recruiting; or active, not recruiting has not been confirmed within the past 2 years, the study's recruitment status is shown as unknown.
April 1, 2020

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Other Study ID Numbers

Other Study ID Numbers

Identifiers or ID numbers other than the NCT number that are assigned to a clinical study by the study's sponsor, funders, or others. These numbers may include unique identifiers from other trial registries and National Institutes of Health grant numbers.
  • G00007105

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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