A Randomized Controlled Trial of Neoadjuvant Weekly Paclitaxel Versus Weekly Paclitaxel Plus Weekly Carboplatin In Women With Large Operable or Locally Advanced, Triple Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC)

April 8, 2025 updated by: Dr Rajendra A. Badwe, Tata Memorial Hospital

Triple-negative breast cancer is a subtype of breast cancer that is clinically negative for expression of estrogen and progesterone receptors (ER/PR) and HER2 protein. It is characterized by its unique molecular profile, aggressive behavior, distinct patterns of metastasis, and lack of targeted therapies. Although not synonymous, the majority of triple-negative breast cancers carry the "basal-like" molecular profile on gene expression arrays.

Although sensitive to chemotherapy, early relapse is common and these cancers show a predilection for visceral metastasis, including brain metastasis. Targeted agents, including epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors, are currently in clinical trials and hold promise in the treatment of this aggressive disease.

Multiple independent data sets have revealed that the triple negative type of breast cancer carries a poor prognosis. It is unclear whether the poor prognosis of triple negative breast cancer is due to poor therapy options or inherent aggressiveness. Given their triple negative receptor status, these tumors are not amenable to conventional targeted therapies for breast cancer, such as endocrine therapy or trastuzumab, leaving only chemotherapy in the therapeutic armamentarium.

Patients on metformin showed a 30-40% protection against all forms of cancer. Recent pilot studies carried out using population registries raise the possibility that metformin may reduce cancer risk and/or improve cancer prognosis. One showed an unexpectedly lower risk of a cancer diagnosis among diabetics using metformin compared with a control group of diabetics using other treatments ; another showed lower cancer-specific mortality among subjects with diabetes using metformin compared with diabetics on other treatments. Metformin is a biguanide known to be an insulin sensitizing agent which promotes reduced circulating insulin and glucose levels in hyper-glycaemic and hyper-insulinaemic patients. Metformin activates the AMP dependent kinase, attenuates insulin and IGF-1 stimulated proliferation in breast cancer cells and a general decrease in protein synthesis in vitro. Western blot analysis indicated that metformin stimulates AMPK phosphorylation in a dose-dependent manner. AMPK activation is associated with decreased phosphorylation of mTOR and S6 kinase. While metformin reduces breast carcinoma cell proliferation both in vitro and in vivo, the activation of AMPK leads to significant VEGF production, angiogenesis and tumor progression. This must be taken into consideration when it is applied in as a therapeutic regimen.

Study Overview

Status

Status

Indicates the current recruitment status or the expanded access status.
Active, not recruiting

Conditions

Conditions

The disease, disorder, syndrome, illness, or injury that is being studied. On ClinicalTrials.gov, conditions may also include other health-related issues, such as lifespan, quality of life, and health risks.

Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.

Study Type

Study Type

Describes the nature of a clinical study. Study types include interventional studies (also called clinical trials), observational studies (including patient registries), and expanded access.
Interventional

Enrollment (Actual)

Enrollment

The number of participants in a clinical study. The "anticipated" enrollment is the target number of participants that the researchers need for the study.
720

Phase

Phase

The stage of a clinical trial studying a drug or biological product, based on definitions developed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The phase is based on the study's objective, the number of participants, and other characteristics. There are five phases: Early Phase 1 (formerly listed as Phase 0), Phase 1, Phase 2, Phase 3, and Phase 4. Not Applicable is used to describe trials without FDA-defined phases, including trials of devices or behavioral interventions.
  • Phase 3

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • India
    • Maharashtra
      • Mumbai, Maharashtra, India, 400012
        • Tata Memorial Centre

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

The key requirements that people who want to participate in a clinical study must meet or the characteristics they must have. Eligibility criteria consist of both inclusion criteria (which are required for a person to participate in the study) and exclusion criteria (which prevent a person from participating). Types of eligibility criteria include whether a study accepts healthy volunteers, has age or age group requirements, or is limited by sex.

Ages Eligible for Study

18 years to 70 years (Adult, Older Adult)

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  1. Age 18-70 years
  2. All patients with baseline clinical staging T4, N0-3, M0 or T1-4, N2-3, M0 and T3, N1, M0 with triple negative hormone status.
  3. Patients with adequate baseline marrow function defined as ANC > 1500/mm3 and Platelet count > 1, 00,000/mm3.
  4. Patients with acceptable liver function tests (normal bilirubin and AST/ALT < 2 times the upper limit of normal) and normal renal function tests at baseline
  5. Patients willing to provide informed consent
  6. Patients fit for chemotherapy

Exclusion Criteria:

  1. Prior excision biopsy
  2. Metastatic breast cancer
  3. Women with inflammatory breast cancer
  4. Poor cardiac function at baseline with LVEF <40%
  5. Patients with a prior history of a malignancy
  6. Pregnant or lactating women.

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Treatment
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: None (Open Label)

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm

Participant Group / Arm

A group or subgroup of participants in a clinical trial that receives a specific intervention/treatment, or no intervention, according to the trial's protocol.
Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.
Active Comparator: A
weekly Paclitaxel chemotherapy at the dose of 100 mg/m2/week for 8 weeks as a 1-hour infusion and AC/EC (60/600 or 90/600) / 3 weekly.
Drug: Paclitaxel only
Experimental: B
weekly Paclitaxel at 100mg /m2/week + weekly Carboplatin AUC-2 as an infusion over 60 minutes and AC/EC (60/600 or 90/600)/ 3 weekly.
Drug: Paclitaxel + Carboplatin
Platinum based chemotherapy against the standard taxane based chemotherapy in the neo- adjuvant setting

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, the planned outcome measure that is the most important for evaluating the effect of an intervention/treatment. Most clinical studies have one primary outcome measure, but some have more than one.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
DFS
Time Frame: From date of randomization until the date of first documented progression or date of death from any cause, whichever came first, assessed up to 60 months
Disease free survival
From date of randomization until the date of first documented progression or date of death from any cause, whichever came first, assessed up to 60 months
OS
Time Frame: From date of randomization to the date of death or up to date of last follow-up for alive patients whichever came first, assessed up to 60 months
Overall survival
From date of randomization to the date of death or up to date of last follow-up for alive patients whichever came first, assessed up to 60 months

Other Outcome Measures

Other Outcome Measures

For clinical trials, a planned measurement described in the protocol that is used to determine the effect of an intervention/treatment on participants. For observational studies, a measurement or observation that is used to describe patterns of diseases or traits, or associations with exposures, risk factors, or treatment. Types of outcome measures include primary outcome measure and secondary outcome measure.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Response rate
Time Frame: 9-12 months from Randomization
Clinical response evaluation during and at the end of Neo-adjuvant Chemotherapy
9-12 months from Randomization

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Sponsor

The organization or person who initiates the study and who has authority and control over the study.
Tata Memorial Hospital

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start

Study Start

The actual date on which the first participant was enrolled in a clinical study. The "anticipated" study start date is the date that the researchers think will be the study start date.
April 1, 2010

Primary Completion (Estimated)

Primary Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention to collect final data for the primary outcome measure. Whether the clinical study ended according to the protocol or was terminated does not affect this date. For clinical studies with more than one primary outcome measure with different completion dates, this term refers to the date on which data collection is completed for all the primary outcome measures. The "anticipated" primary completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the primary completion date for the study.
November 30, 2025

Study Completion (Estimated)

Study Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention/treatment to collect final data for the primary outcome measures, secondary outcome measures, and adverse events (that is, the last participant's last visit). The "anticipated" study completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the study completion date.
November 30, 2025

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

First Submitted

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submitted a study record to ClinicalTrials.gov. There is typically a delay of a few days between the first submitted date and the record's availability on ClinicalTrials.gov (the first posted date).
May 20, 2017

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submits a study record that is consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. The sponsor or investigator may need to revise and submit a study record one or more times before NLM's QC review criteria are met. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
May 25, 2017

First Posted (Actual)

First Posted

The date on which the study record was first available on ClinicalTrials.gov after National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review has concluded. There is typically a delay of a few days between the date the study sponsor or investigator submitted the study record and the first posted date.
May 30, 2017

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

Last Update Posted

The most recent date on which changes to a study record were made available on ClinicalTrials.gov. There may be a delay between when the changes were submitted to ClinicalTrials.gov by the study's sponsor or investigator (the last update submitted date) and the last update posted date.
April 9, 2025

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator submitted changes to a study record that are consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
April 8, 2025

Last Verified

Last Verified

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator confirmed the information about a clinical study on ClinicalTrials.gov as accurate and current. If a study with a recruitment status of recruiting; not yet recruiting; or active, not recruiting has not been confirmed within the past 2 years, the study's recruitment status is shown as unknown.
April 1, 2025

More Information

Terms related to this study

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

Other Study ID Numbers

Identifiers or ID numbers other than the NCT number that are assigned to a clinical study by the study's sponsor, funders, or others. These numbers may include unique identifiers from other trial registries and National Institutes of Health grant numbers.
  • CTRI/2012/07/002802

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

UNDECIDED

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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Conditions

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