Functional Restoration and Integrative Therapies in Service Members With Neuromusculoskeletal Injury

October 10, 2022 updated by: Ardith Doorenbos, University of Washington

Determinants of the Optimal Dose and Sequence of Functional Restoration and Integrative Therapies in Service Members With Neuromusculoskeletal Injury

This study will (1) compare the effectiveness of standard rehabilitative pain care with complementary and integrative pain therapies; (2) identify subgroups of patients who do and do not respond to the intervention(s); (3) determine the most effective sequencing of the interventions; and (4) determine factors associated with treatment response that can be implemented to support clinical decision-making.

Study Overview

Status

Status

Indicates the current recruitment status or the expanded access status.
Active, not recruiting

Conditions

Conditions

The disease, disorder, syndrome, illness, or injury that is being studied. On ClinicalTrials.gov, conditions may also include other health-related issues, such as lifespan, quality of life, and health risks.

Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.

Detailed Description

Objectives and Rationale. Pain due to neuromusculoskeletal injuries is a leading cause of disability among active duty military Service members. The injury rate is significant with 628 neuromusculoskeletal injuries per 1000 person-years among active duty military Service members. Neuromusculoskeletal injuries include amputations following battlefield trauma, repetitive motion injuries related to equipment use or weight-bearing postures, and even injuries or strains incurred during off-duty pursuits. Regardless of cause, the effects on both individual Service members and military readiness are significant: Only 13% of Service members being treated primarily for pain ever return to the field.

The Department of Defense (DoD) has recently expanded its capacity to provide both functional restoration (FR) and complementary and integrative medicine (CIM) therapies for neuromusculoskeletal injury, pain, and disability. The proposed research aims to determine the most effective treatment combination, sequence, and duration of standard rehabilitative care (SRC), such as physical and occupational therapy in combination with cognitive behavioral therapy and CIM therapies, such as acupuncture and chiropractic, for Service members preparing to enroll in an intensive FR program that is currently the DoD-recommended treatment. In addition, this study aims to identify ways to predict in advance which patients will respond best to which therapeutic regimens.

Potential Impact. This research has the potential to determine which patients are most likely to benefit from the non-medication pain therapies currently available in all Army Interdisciplinary Pain Management Centers (IPMC) and how these therapies can most effectively be combined to achieve the greatest improvements in pain impact, quality of life and ability to return to duty following injury.

Patients Who Will Benefit. This study will involve active duty Service members referred to an Army IPMC. The results will be shared with other Military Health System (MHS) and Veterans Health Administration (VHA) pain management centers so that active duty Service members and veterans across United States may benefit from a treatment approach that is tailored to their individual characteristics. It is anticipated that the knowledge gained through this research will be applicable to family members of Service members and veterans and will ultimately lead to expansion of TRICARE benefits to include CIM therapies.

Potential Clinical Applications, Benefits, and Risks. This research will assist providers in determining when to refer their patients with neuromusculoskeletal pain for SRC and/or CIM therapies prior to FR. It will assist IPMCs in developing treatment plans tailored to the needs of each patient. Service members and veterans will benefit by being referred for these approaches when appropriate during the course of disabling chronic pain conditions. Ultimately, it is hoped that decision tools can be imbedded in the electronic medical record to guide health care providers to consider referral for these therapies in patients who may benefit. This study will advance our ability to effectively tailor therapies for rehabilitation from neuromusculoskeletal pain for different patients to yield the greatest benefit in physical function and quality of life. The risks of these interventions are minimal; Service members may experience general muscle soreness for the first week or so of increased physical activity, but this typically resolves.

Projected Timeline. This research will determine the optimal combination, sequence, and duration of therapies. It is expected that some active duty Service members could see improvements in function and quality of life within three weeks, but others may require up to six weeks to experience meaningful improvement.

Benefit to Military Personnel. This research will benefit Service members experiencing pain due to neuromusculoskeletal injury. It will identify ways to direct them to the therapies most likely to yield meaningful improvements in function and quality of life, and thus facilitate their return to duty. The recommendations from this study will be shared with pain management centers throughout the DoD, VHA; and, we hope, eventually to TRICARE members.

Study Type

Study Type

Describes the nature of a clinical study. Study types include interventional studies (also called clinical trials), observational studies (including patient registries), and expanded access.
Interventional

Enrollment (Anticipated)

Enrollment

The number of participants in a clinical study. The "anticipated" enrollment is the target number of participants that the researchers need for the study.
280

Phase

Phase

The stage of a clinical trial studying a drug or biological product, based on definitions developed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The phase is based on the study's objective, the number of participants, and other characteristics. There are five phases: Early Phase 1 (formerly listed as Phase 0), Phase 1, Phase 2, Phase 3, and Phase 4. Not Applicable is used to describe trials without FDA-defined phases, including trials of devices or behavioral interventions.
  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • United States
    • Washington
      • Tacoma, Washington, United States, 98431
        • Madigan Army Medical Center

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

The key requirements that people who want to participate in a clinical study must meet or the characteristics they must have. Eligibility criteria consist of both inclusion criteria (which are required for a person to participate in the study) and exclusion criteria (which prevent a person from participating). Types of eligibility criteria include whether a study accepts healthy volunteers, has age or age group requirements, or is limited by sex.

Ages Eligible for Study

18 years to 70 years (Adult, Older Adult)

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Genders Eligible for Study

All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Active duty service members
  • Neuromusculoskeletal or neuropathic pain ≥ 3-months duration
  • Pain of sufficient severity to bring about dysfunction in daily social, vocational, and/or interpersonal activities

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Major surgeries within past 6 months or planned within next 6 months
  • Unstable psychological disorders
  • Active substance use disorder

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Treatment
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Sequential Assignment
  • Masking: None (Open Label)

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm

Participant Group / Arm

A group or subgroup of participants in a clinical trial that receives a specific intervention/treatment, or no intervention, according to the trial's protocol.
Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.
Experimental: Complementary and Integrative Therapies
Chiropractic, Acupuncture, Yoga, Biofeedback (if indicated), and Foam roller instruction
Behavioral: Complementary and Integrative Therapies
Intervention time period is 3 - 6 weeks.
Active Comparator: Standard Rehabilitative Care
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) 60-minute orientation, CBT psychoeducation group, and Physical therapy/occupational therapy
Behavioral: Standard Rehabilitative Care
Intervention time period is 3 - 6 weeks.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, the planned outcome measure that is the most important for evaluating the effect of an intervention/treatment. Most clinical studies have one primary outcome measure, but some have more than one.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Change from Baseline Pain Intensity
Time Frame: 3 months
Pain Intensity 10-pt Numeric Rating Scale
3 months
Change from Baseline Pain Impact
Time Frame: 3 months
Aggregate score calculated from Defense and Veterans Pain Rating Scale (DVPRS)
3 months

Secondary Outcome Measures

Secondary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, a planned outcome measure that is not as important as the primary outcome measure for evaluating the effect of an intervention but is still of interest. Most clinical studies have more than one secondary outcome measure.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Depression
Time Frame: baseline, 3 weeks, 6 weeks, 9 weeks, 3 months, 6 months
Patient Reported Outcome Measurement Information System
baseline, 3 weeks, 6 weeks, 9 weeks, 3 months, 6 months
Anxiety
Time Frame: baseline, 3 weeks, 6 weeks, 9 weeks, 3 months, 6 months
Patient Reported Outcome Measurement Information System
baseline, 3 weeks, 6 weeks, 9 weeks, 3 months, 6 months
Emotional Distress - Anger
Time Frame: baseline, 3 weeks, 6 weeks, 9 weeks, 3 months, 6 months
Patient Reported Outcome Measurement Information System
baseline, 3 weeks, 6 weeks, 9 weeks, 3 months, 6 months
Sleep Disturbance
Time Frame: baseline, 3 weeks, 6 weeks, 9 weeks, 3 months, 6 months
Patient Reported Outcome Measurement Information System
baseline, 3 weeks, 6 weeks, 9 weeks, 3 months, 6 months
Fatigue
Time Frame: baseline, 3 weeks, 6 weeks, 9 weeks, 3 months, 6 months
Patient Reported Outcome Measurement Information System
baseline, 3 weeks, 6 weeks, 9 weeks, 3 months, 6 months
PTSD
Time Frame: baseline, 3 weeks, 6 weeks, 9 weeks, 3 months, 6 months
Primary Care PTSD Screen
baseline, 3 weeks, 6 weeks, 9 weeks, 3 months, 6 months
Patient Activation Measure
Time Frame: baseline, 3 weeks, 6 weeks, 9 weeks, 3 months, 6 months
A 22-item survey that addresses four stages of patient activation: (1) believing the patient role is important, (2) having the confidence and knowledge necessary to take action, (3) actually taking action to maintain and improve one's health, and (4) staying the course even under stress. Patients are asked to agree or not to agree with each of the 22 items.
baseline, 3 weeks, 6 weeks, 9 weeks, 3 months, 6 months
Drug Use
Time Frame: baseline, 3 weeks, 6 weeks, 9 weeks, 3 months, 6 months
Drug Use Questionnaire
baseline, 3 weeks, 6 weeks, 9 weeks, 3 months, 6 months
Pain Catastrophizing
Time Frame: baseline, 3 weeks, 6 weeks, 9 weeks, 3 months, 6 months
Pain Catastrophizing Scale
baseline, 3 weeks, 6 weeks, 9 weeks, 3 months, 6 months
Kinesiophobia
Time Frame: baseline, 3 weeks, 6 weeks, 9 weeks, 3 months, 6 months
Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia
baseline, 3 weeks, 6 weeks, 9 weeks, 3 months, 6 months
Pain Self-Efficacy
Time Frame: baseline, 3 weeks, 6 weeks, 9 weeks, 3 months, 6 months
Pain Self Efficacy Questionnaire
baseline, 3 weeks, 6 weeks, 9 weeks, 3 months, 6 months
Chronic Pain Acceptance
Time Frame: baseline, 3 weeks, 6 weeks, 9 weeks, 3 months, 6 months
Chronic Pain Acceptance Questionnaire
baseline, 3 weeks, 6 weeks, 9 weeks, 3 months, 6 months
Functional Capacity
Time Frame: baseline, 3 weeks, 6 weeks, 9 weeks, 3 months, 6 months
Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire and Canadian Occupational Performance Measure
baseline, 3 weeks, 6 weeks, 9 weeks, 3 months, 6 months
Opioid Utilization
Time Frame: baseline, 3 weeks, 6 weeks, 9 weeks, 3 months, 6 months
Opioid Utilization Screener
baseline, 3 weeks, 6 weeks, 9 weeks, 3 months, 6 months
Cortisol
Time Frame: baseline, 6 weeks
Salivary Cortisol
baseline, 6 weeks
Oxidative Stress
Time Frame: baseline, 6 weeks
Urine Sample
baseline, 6 weeks
Genomic DNA
Time Frame: baseline
Buccal Sample
baseline
Army Physical Fitness Test (APFT)
Time Frame: baseline, 6 weeks, 3 months, 6 months
Passing scores of 60 on all 3 components (push-ups, sit-ups, 2-mile run) of the APFT will be operationalized as "force-readiness".
baseline, 6 weeks, 3 months, 6 months

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Sponsor

The organization or person who initiates the study and who has authority and control over the study.
University of Washington

Collaborators

Collaborators

An organization other than the sponsor that provides support for a clinical study. This support may include activities related to funding, design, implementation, data analysis, or reporting.
Madigan Army Medical Center

Investigators

Investigators

A researcher involved in a clinical study. Related terms include site principal investigator, site sub-investigator, study chair, study director, and study principal investigator.
  • Principal Investigator: Ardith Z Doorenbos, RN, PhD, University of Washington

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

Study Start

The actual date on which the first participant was enrolled in a clinical study. The "anticipated" study start date is the date that the researchers think will be the study start date.
June 15, 2018

Primary Completion (Anticipated)

Primary Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention to collect final data for the primary outcome measure. Whether the clinical study ended according to the protocol or was terminated does not affect this date. For clinical studies with more than one primary outcome measure with different completion dates, this term refers to the date on which data collection is completed for all the primary outcome measures. The "anticipated" primary completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the primary completion date for the study.
June 30, 2023

Study Completion (Anticipated)

Study Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention/treatment to collect final data for the primary outcome measures, secondary outcome measures, and adverse events (that is, the last participant's last visit). The "anticipated" study completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the study completion date.
December 31, 2023

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

First Submitted

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submitted a study record to ClinicalTrials.gov. There is typically a delay of a few days between the first submitted date and the record's availability on ClinicalTrials.gov (the first posted date).
August 8, 2017

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submits a study record that is consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. The sponsor or investigator may need to revise and submit a study record one or more times before NLM's QC review criteria are met. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
September 26, 2017

First Posted (Actual)

First Posted

The date on which the study record was first available on ClinicalTrials.gov after National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review has concluded. There is typically a delay of a few days between the date the study sponsor or investigator submitted the study record and the first posted date.
September 29, 2017

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

Last Update Posted

The most recent date on which changes to a study record were made available on ClinicalTrials.gov. There may be a delay between when the changes were submitted to ClinicalTrials.gov by the study's sponsor or investigator (the last update submitted date) and the last update posted date.
October 12, 2022

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator submitted changes to a study record that are consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
October 10, 2022

Last Verified

Last Verified

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator confirmed the information about a clinical study on ClinicalTrials.gov as accurate and current. If a study with a recruitment status of recruiting; not yet recruiting; or active, not recruiting has not been confirmed within the past 2 years, the study's recruitment status is shown as unknown.
October 1, 2022

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

Other Study ID Numbers

Identifiers or ID numbers other than the NCT number that are assigned to a clinical study by the study's sponsor, funders, or others. These numbers may include unique identifiers from other trial registries and National Institutes of Health grant numbers.
  • STUDY00004220

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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