Evaluating a Travel App's Influence on College Student Commuting to Campus (CTRAVELAPP)

May 2, 2024 updated by: John Renne, Florida Atlantic University

Using a Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial to Evaluate a Travel App's Influence on College Student Commuting to Campus

The Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial (cRCT) portion of the study will focus on evaluating the use of information, marketing, and incentives to shape student travel behavior to campus through the three channels identified in Ajzen's (1991) framework.

Study Overview

Status

Status

Indicates the current recruitment status or the expanded access status.
Completed

Conditions

Conditions

The disease, disorder, syndrome, illness, or injury that is being studied. On ClinicalTrials.gov, conditions may also include other health-related issues, such as lifespan, quality of life, and health risks.

Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.

Detailed Description

The investigators will evaluate whether a package of information, marketing, and incentives shifts student travel behavior to campus over one year, and in turn if these shifts in travel behavior result in improved academic performance.

Specific objectives of the cRCT include evaluating whether the intervention results in relatively:

  1. Greater utilization of travel modes alternative to single-occupant vehicle travel (transit, biking, walking, bike-sharing, electric scooters, and carpooling)
  2. Lower rates of car ownership
  3. Superior college performance--higher grade point averages (GPAs)
  4. More credit hours completed
  5. Higher retention rates

Study Type

Study Type

Describes the nature of a clinical study. Study types include interventional studies (also called clinical trials), observational studies (including patient registries), and expanded access.
Interventional

Enrollment (Actual)

Enrollment

The number of participants in a clinical study. The "anticipated" enrollment is the target number of participants that the researchers need for the study.
450

Phase

Phase

The stage of a clinical trial studying a drug or biological product, based on definitions developed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The phase is based on the study's objective, the number of participants, and other characteristics. There are five phases: Early Phase 1 (formerly listed as Phase 0), Phase 1, Phase 2, Phase 3, and Phase 4. Not Applicable is used to describe trials without FDA-defined phases, including trials of devices or behavioral interventions.
  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • United States
    • Florida
      • Boca Raton, Florida, United States, 33431
        • Florida Atlantic University

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

The key requirements that people who want to participate in a clinical study must meet or the characteristics they must have. Eligibility criteria consist of both inclusion criteria (which are required for a person to participate in the study) and exclusion criteria (which prevent a person from participating). Types of eligibility criteria include whether a study accepts healthy volunteers, has age or age group requirements, or is limited by sex.

Ages Eligible for Study

18 years and older (Adult, Older Adult)

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Students who live off-campus and attend any of the following three colleges or universities: Florida Atlantic University (FAU), Broward College (BC), or Palm Beach State College (PBSC).
  • Students must plan to be at the same institution for the next academic year.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Students live on campus
  • Students will leave their current institution within the next academic year

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Basic Science
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: None (Open Label)

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm

Participant Group / Arm

A group or subgroup of participants in a clinical trial that receives a specific intervention/treatment, or no intervention, according to the trial's protocol.
Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.
Active Comparator: MaaS app
The Mobility-as-a-Service (MaaS) App will be provided to students in the Intervention Group and is intended to facilitate their use of alternative transportation modes such as public transit, ride-hailing, walking, biking, bike share, and e-scooter share to get to campus. The MaaS App will be downloaded to students' smartphones and will provide real-time, multimodal trip planning to students on demand when they open the app. This means, for instance, that a student can plan a trip that includes driving to a train station, taking the train, and then walking from the alighting train station to their final destination. The app will be white label, i.e. it will have a customized look and feel specific to the participating south Florida colleges, and it will have personalization features so that students can tailor the app to their travel patterns. Students in a cluster assigned to the MaaS group will also receive information concerning housing options. Students complete surveys
Other: MaaS app
The MaaS App will be downloaded to students' smartphones and will provide real-time, multimodal trip planning to students on demand when they open the app.
Placebo Comparator: No app
Students receive no app, no housing information, students complete surveys.
Other: No app
students receive no app or housing information

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, the planned outcome measure that is the most important for evaluating the effect of an intervention/treatment. Most clinical studies have one primary outcome measure, but some have more than one.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
The rate of students using alternative modes increases.
Time Frame: one academic year
Percentage of trips taken to campus by alternative modes. Will students in the intervention group, subject to information and marketing incentives as delivered through a MaaS app, be more likely to use alternative modes to reach campus?
one academic year
Number of students who make more frequent use of alternative modes to campus are associated with increased grade point averages.
Time Frame: one academic year
Number of students who make more frequent use of alternative modes to campus or who do not own vehicles
one academic year
Number of students who make more frequent use of alternative modes to campus are associated with increases in credit hours earned.
Time Frame: one academic year
Number of students who make more frequent use of alternative modes to campus or students who do not own vehicles
one academic year

Secondary Outcome Measures

Secondary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, a planned outcome measure that is not as important as the primary outcome measure for evaluating the effect of an intervention but is still of interest. Most clinical studies have more than one secondary outcome measure.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
The rate of students who own vehicles should decrease.
Time Frame: one academic year
Student car ownership--Will students in the intervention group, subject to information and marketing incentives as delivered through a MaaS app, reduce their level of car reliance?
one academic year
Number of students who make more frequent use of alternative modes to campus are associated with increases in retention.
Time Frame: one academic year
Number of students who make more frequent use of alternative modes to campus or who do not own vehicles
one academic year
Number of students who make more frequent use of alternative modes to campus are associated with increases in degree completion.
Time Frame: one academic year
Number of studentswho make more frequent use of alternative modes to campus or students or do not own vehicles
one academic year

Other Outcome Measures

Other Outcome Measures

For clinical trials, a planned measurement described in the protocol that is used to determine the effect of an intervention/treatment on participants. For observational studies, a measurement or observation that is used to describe patterns of diseases or traits, or associations with exposures, risk factors, or treatment. Types of outcome measures include primary outcome measure and secondary outcome measure.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Self-Reported BMI
Time Frame: one academic year
Number of students reporting BMI within CDC Healthy guidelines increases.
one academic year
Self-reported general health
Time Frame: one academic year
Number of students reporting general health as good, very good, or excellent increases
one academic year

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Sponsor

The organization or person who initiates the study and who has authority and control over the study.
Florida Atlantic University

Investigators

Investigators

A researcher involved in a clinical study. Related terms include site principal investigator, site sub-investigator, study chair, study director, and study principal investigator.
  • Principal Investigator: John L Renne, PhD, Florida Atlantic University

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

Study Start

The actual date on which the first participant was enrolled in a clinical study. The "anticipated" study start date is the date that the researchers think will be the study start date.
February 1, 2022

Primary Completion (Actual)

Primary Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention to collect final data for the primary outcome measure. Whether the clinical study ended according to the protocol or was terminated does not affect this date. For clinical studies with more than one primary outcome measure with different completion dates, this term refers to the date on which data collection is completed for all the primary outcome measures. The "anticipated" primary completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the primary completion date for the study.
December 31, 2023

Study Completion (Actual)

Study Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention/treatment to collect final data for the primary outcome measures, secondary outcome measures, and adverse events (that is, the last participant's last visit). The "anticipated" study completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the study completion date.
December 31, 2023

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

First Submitted

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submitted a study record to ClinicalTrials.gov. There is typically a delay of a few days between the first submitted date and the record's availability on ClinicalTrials.gov (the first posted date).
December 6, 2020

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submits a study record that is consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. The sponsor or investigator may need to revise and submit a study record one or more times before NLM's QC review criteria are met. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
January 15, 2021

First Posted (Actual)

First Posted

The date on which the study record was first available on ClinicalTrials.gov after National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review has concluded. There is typically a delay of a few days between the date the study sponsor or investigator submitted the study record and the first posted date.
January 22, 2021

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

Last Update Posted

The most recent date on which changes to a study record were made available on ClinicalTrials.gov. There may be a delay between when the changes were submitted to ClinicalTrials.gov by the study's sponsor or investigator (the last update submitted date) and the last update posted date.
May 3, 2024

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator submitted changes to a study record that are consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
May 2, 2024

Last Verified

Last Verified

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator confirmed the information about a clinical study on ClinicalTrials.gov as accurate and current. If a study with a recruitment status of recruiting; not yet recruiting; or active, not recruiting has not been confirmed within the past 2 years, the study's recruitment status is shown as unknown.
May 1, 2024

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Other Study ID Numbers

Other Study ID Numbers

Identifiers or ID numbers other than the NCT number that are assigned to a clinical study by the study's sponsor, funders, or others. These numbers may include unique identifiers from other trial registries and National Institutes of Health grant numbers.
  • G-1905-283549
  • 1588924-3 (Other Identifier: FAU IRB)

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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