Exploring the Mechanism of Dietary Pattern Improving MAFLD

Inclusion Criteria:

• Age 18-65 years old, Han nationality, residing in China ；

  • MRI-PDFF ≥ 5% or /and control attenuation index (CAP value) ≥ 244db /m and Alanine transaminase or /and cereal grass Transaminase are within 3 times of the upper limit of normal value;

    • At least one metabolic disease exists: BMI ≥ 24kg/m2; According to widely recognized international standards, it is diagnosed as type 2 diabetes [diabetes symptoms+plasma glucose level at any time ≥ 200mg /dl (11.1mmol /L) or fasting plasma glucose ≥ 126mg /dl (7.0mmol /L) or in Oral Glucose Tolerance Test test, blood glucose at 2 hours after meal ≥ 200mg /dl (11.1mmol /L)]; There are at least two risk factors for metabolic abnormalities: a Waist circumference: male ≥ 90cm, female ≥ 80cm; B Blood pressure ≥ 130/85mmHg or receiving specific drug treatment; C Plasma triglycerides ≥ 150mg/dl (≥ 1.70mmol/L) or receiving specific drug treatment; D Plasma High-density lipoprotein cholesterol: male<40mg /dl (<1.0mmol /L) and female<50mg /dl (<1.3mmol /L) or receive specific drug treatment; E Pre diabetes [i.e. Glucose test#Fasting blood sugar level is 100~125mg /dl (5.6~6.9 mmol /L), or blood glucose level 2 hours after meal is 140~199mg /dl (7.8~11.0 mmol /L) or Glycated hemoglobin is 5.7%~6.4% (39~47 mmol /L)]; F steady-state model evaluation - insulin resistance index ≥ 2.5; The plasma level of hypersensitive C-reactive protein is ≥ 2mg/L.

      • Willing to accept evaluation and sign informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

• Fatty liver patients undergoing medication treatment;

  • Those who have received weight loss treatment such as medication, surgery, or meal replacement within the past 3 months;

    • Those who currently or in the past 3 weeks have taken antibiotics, probiotics, prebiotics or other microbiota related supplements;

      • Receive Corticosteroid or Thyroid hormones treatment; ⑤ Having clinically diagnosed viral hepatitis, autoimmune liver disease, cirrhosis and other liver diseases

        • Secondary obesity caused by endocrine, genetic, metabolic and Central nervous system disease; ⑦ Patients with abnormal liver function (Alanine transaminase or /and glutamic oxalic Transaminase exceed the upper limit of normal value by 3 times); Patients with renal dysfunction (serum creatinine exceeding the upper limit of normal values); Suffering from diseases such as kidney disease that require protein intake control;

          • Diseases affecting food digestion and absorption (such as chronic diarrhea, constipation, severe gastrointestinal inflammation, active gastrointestinal ulcer, postoperative gastrointestinal tract resection, Cholecystitis /cholecystectomy, etc.); ⑨ Suffering from cardio cerebral Vascular disease, grade 3 hypertension, chronic hepatitis, malignant tumor, anemia, mental disease, memory impairment, epilepsy and other diseases ⑩ having major diseases or having recently undergone Major trauma /surgery, etc