Antiemetic Fosaprepitant To Remedy Nausea and Vomiting (AFTR NV RCT)

May 14, 2026 updated by: Montefiore Medical Center
The study team proposes a randomized, double-blind, RCT to address the following goal: to determine the relative efficacy and adverse event profile of fosaprepitant compared to the standard of care antiemetic ondansetron. Fosaprepitant and its active metabolite aprepitant are a relatively new class of antiemetic that exclusively acts in the central nervous system by blocking neurokinin (NK-1) which is a key signaling molecule in the centrally mediated aspects of the vomiting reflex. Currently, fosaprepitant and aprepitant both have only two United Stated Food and Drug Administration (USFDA) approved indications for nausea and vomiting: chemotherapy-induced and postoperative. Neurokinin inhibitors are highly effective and generally well-tolerated. Therefore, this class of medication may be a more appropriate medication for the millions of patients with nausea and vomiting that seek care in EDs. Intravenous fosaprepitant is converted to the active metabolite aprepitant on the order of minutes and is significantly cheaper to procure at this time. The outcome for the efficacy analysis will be no need for additional medication to treat nausea and vomiting within 2 hours of investigational medication administration. The primary outcome for the tolerability analysis will be the development of any new symptom within 2 hours of medication administration.

Study Overview

Status

Status

Indicates the current recruitment status or the expanded access status.
Recruiting

Conditions

Conditions

The disease, disorder, syndrome, illness, or injury that is being studied. On ClinicalTrials.gov, conditions may also include other health-related issues, such as lifespan, quality of life, and health risks.

Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.

Detailed Description

Nausea and vomiting (NV) are common and interrelated conditions. Approximately 50% of adults experience nausea in a given year while 30% of adults experience vomiting over the same period. Of this population of symptomatic individuals with NV, 25% of patients seek care in any healthcare delivery setting. Health Care Utilization Project (HCUP) data indicates that nearly 9.0 million patients seek care for NV in emergency departments (EDs) each year in the United States.

Antiemetics are used to treat NV. Antiemetics currently utilized in the emergency department setting for NV do not always work on the first dose and have a plethora of side effects because of their peripheral mechanism of action outside of the vomiting reflex pathway in the central nervous system. These medications include ondansetron, promethazine, metoclopramide, olanzapine, haloperidol. Chief among these side effects is alteration of an aspect cardiac electrical signaling called the QT segment which represents the duration of ventricular contraction and relaxation. The QT segment is prolonged with commonly used antiemetics which can often be a prelude to cardiac dysrhythmias that are associated with mortality. As a result, patients with NV often have long length-of-stay (LOS) involving supportive care with intravenous fluids or empiric treatment with medications that can potentiate development of cardiac dysrhythmias. This is a problem in busy emergency departments (EDs) struggling to accelerate patient throughput in order to appropriately keep up with patient volume in an under-supplied hospital bed environment nationally.

Fosaprepitant and its active metabolite aprepitant are a relatively new class of antiemetic that exclusively acts in the central nervous system by blocking neurokinin (NK-1) which is a key signaling molecule in the centrally mediated aspects of the vomiting reflex. Currently, fosaprepitant and aprepitant both have only two United Stated Food and Drug Administration (USFDA) approved indications for nausea and vomiting: chemotherapy-induced and postoperative. Neurokinin inhibitors are highly effective and generally well-tolerated. Therefore, this class of medication may be a more appropriate medication for the millions of patients with nausea and vomiting that seek care in EDs. Intravenous fosaprepitant is converted to the active metabolite aprepitant on the order of minutes and is significantly cheaper to procure at this time.

Study Type

Study Type

Describes the nature of a clinical study. Study types include interventional studies (also called clinical trials), observational studies (including patient registries), and expanded access.
Interventional

Enrollment (Estimated)

Enrollment

The number of participants in a clinical study. The "anticipated" enrollment is the target number of participants that the researchers need for the study.
200

Phase

Phase

The stage of a clinical trial studying a drug or biological product, based on definitions developed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The phase is based on the study's objective, the number of participants, and other characteristics. There are five phases: Early Phase 1 (formerly listed as Phase 0), Phase 1, Phase 2, Phase 3, and Phase 4. Not Applicable is used to describe trials without FDA-defined phases, including trials of devices or behavioral interventions.
  • Phase 2
  • Phase 3

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Contact

Study Contact

The name and contact information for the person who can answer enrollment questions for a clinical study. Each location where the study is being conducted may also have a specific contact, who may be better able to answer those questions.

Study Locations

  • United States
    • New York
      • The Bronx, New York, United States, 10467
        • Recruiting
        • Montefiore Medical Center (Montefiore and Weiler EDs)
        • Contact:

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

The key requirements that people who want to participate in a clinical study must meet or the characteristics they must have. Eligibility criteria consist of both inclusion criteria (which are required for a person to participate in the study) and exclusion criteria (which prevent a person from participating). Types of eligibility criteria include whether a study accepts healthy volunteers, has age or age group requirements, or is limited by sex.

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Adult
  • Older Adult

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Adults at least 18 years old
  • Present to an emergency department (ED) for nausea and/or vomiting as defined by the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10), or identified by treating clinician
  • Following the approval of a protocol amendment, study patients who have received an antiemetic and remain persistently nauseated after 2 hours will be eligible to participate in the study

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Pregnancy, desiring pregnancy, or lactating
  • Antiemetic medication use less than 2 hours prior to screening
  • Bradycardia (heart rate less than 60 bpm heart rate)
  • Prolonged QTc (>480ms)
  • Not conversant in English or Spanish
  • Altered mental status
  • Dementia
  • Lack of phone for follow-up communication

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Treatment
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: Quadruple

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm

Participant Group / Arm

A group or subgroup of participants in a clinical trial that receives a specific intervention/treatment, or no intervention, according to the trial's protocol.
Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.
Experimental: Investigational Intervention
Fosaprepitant 150mg IV administered over 15 minutes
Drug: Fosaprepitant 150 mg
Fosaprepitant 150mg IV administered over 15 minutes
Active Comparator: Standard-of-Care Intervention
Ondansetron 4mg IV administered over 15 minutes
Drug: Ondansetron 4 mg
Ondansetron 4mg IV administered over 15 minutes

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, the planned outcome measure that is the most important for evaluating the effect of an intervention/treatment. Most clinical studies have one primary outcome measure, but some have more than one.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Relief from NV
Time Frame: Within 2 hours of medication administration
Relief from nausea and vomiting will be determined by the intensity of nausea reported by participants following administration of antiemetic. Intensity of nausea will be reported as either "None," "Mild," "Moderate," or "Severe." Relief of nausea and vomiting requires a patient to present with a nausea intensity of either "Severe" or "Moderate," which is then reduced by treatment to at least "Mild" or "None," within two hours of medication administration, without the use or rescue medication. The number/percentage of participants who achieve relief from NV will be summarized by study arm.
Within 2 hours of medication administration
Occurrence of any treatment-related adverse event
Time Frame: 2 hours following medication administration
The primary safety/tolerability outcome for this study is the occurrence of any treatment related adverse event (TRAE) at 2 hours of medication administration. TRAEs - not including underlying pathology causing NV - and including, but not limited to: appendicitis, small bowel obstruction, constipation, gastroparesis, gastroenteritis, gastritis, will be summarized by study arm
2 hours following medication administration
Requirement for additional medication
Time Frame: 2 hours following medication administration
Requirement of any additional medication specifically for treatment of NV at 2 hours of medication administration; the use of rescue medications to treat persistent NV, or other medications such as additional doses or use of adjunct medications will be recorded. The number/percentage of patients who require additional medication will be summarized by study arm.
2 hours following medication administration

Secondary Outcome Measures

Secondary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, a planned outcome measure that is not as important as the primary outcome measure for evaluating the effect of an intervention but is still of interest. Most clinical studies have more than one secondary outcome measure.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Freedom from nausea and vomiting (NV)
Time Frame: 2 hours following medication administration
Freedom from nausea and vomiting (NV) will be determined by the intensity of nausea reported by participants following administration of antiemetic. Intensity of nausea will be reported as either "None," "Mild," "Moderate," or "Severe." Sustained freedom from nausea and vomiting requires a patient to present with a nausea intensity of either "Severe" or "Moderate," which is then reduced by treatment to "None" within two hours of medication administration. The number/percentage of patients with freedom from nausea/vomiting (NV) will be measured every 15 minutes for the first 2 hours. The number/percentage of patients with freedom from NV at 2 hours will be summarized by study arm.
2 hours following medication administration
Sustained Relief from nausea and vomiting (NV) (at 24 hours)
Time Frame: At 24-hours following medication administration
The number/percentage of patients demonstrating relief from nausea/vomiting (NV) will be measured every 15 minutes for the first 2 hours (for assessment of the primary outcome), then during every hour up to the end of the follow up period at 24 hours. Relief from NV is defined as achieving a level of relief of either "Mild" or None" at 2 hours and maintaining that level of "Mild" or "None" for the entire 24-hour period following medication administration, without use of rescue medication. The number/percentage of participants who achieve relief from NV will be summarized by study arm.
At 24-hours following medication administration
Sustained NV Freedom (at 24 hours)
Time Frame: At 24- hours following medication administration
Sustained freedom from nausea and vomiting (NV) will be determined by the intensity of nausea reported by participants following administration of antiemetic. Intensity of nausea will be reported as either "None," "Mild," "Moderate," or "Severe." Sustained freedom from nausea and vomiting requires a patient to present with a nausea intensity of either "Severe" or "Moderate," which is then reduced by treatment to "None" within two hours of medication administration (corresponding secondary outcome), and maintained at this level (i.e., "None") for the entire 24-hour follow-up period, without the use or rescue medication. The number/percentage of participants who achieve sustained freedom from NV will be summarized by study arm.
At 24- hours following medication administration
Disposition Plan
Time Frame: 4 hours following medication administration
A disposition determination plan will be documented at 4 hours. Patients will be categorized as either having been either "admitted," "discharged," or status "yet to be determined." Categorical data will be summarized by study arm.
4 hours following medication administration
Patient Medication Preference for subsequent episode of NV
Time Frame: 24 hours following medication administration
Medication preference will be assessed based on patient's preference for receiving the same antiemetic medication as administered for a subsequent episode of nausea and vomiting. Binary ("Yes" for having the same medication administered, "No" for request of a different medication) responses of patient preference will be summarized by study arm.
24 hours following medication administration
Emergency Department (ED) Length of Stay (LOS)
Time Frame: From initial presentation to disposition in ED, approximately 4 hours
ED LOS will be defined as the interval of time from initial presentation to final disposition in the ED, will be determined. Mean LOS results will be summarized by study arm.
From initial presentation to disposition in ED, approximately 4 hours

Other Outcome Measures

Other Outcome Measures

For clinical trials, a planned measurement described in the protocol that is used to determine the effect of an intervention/treatment on participants. For observational studies, a measurement or observation that is used to describe patterns of diseases or traits, or associations with exposures, risk factors, or treatment. Types of outcome measures include primary outcome measure and secondary outcome measure.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Severity of Nausea
Time Frame: 24 hours (measured every 15 minutes for the first 2 hours, then hourly after that until disposition; reassessed at 24 hours)
Mean severity of nausea scores will be evaluated and summarized based on a visual analogue scale from 0 to 100 (0 = no nausea, 100 = worst nausea possible) such that higher scores are associated with more severe nausea. Results will be summarized by study arm.
24 hours (measured every 15 minutes for the first 2 hours, then hourly after that until disposition; reassessed at 24 hours)
Functional disability
Time Frame: 24 hours (assessed prior to receiving intervention, at 2 hour point after receiving intervention, and 24 hours after intervention)
Patient reported functional disability will be assessed. Functional disability will be categorized as either "Severe," "Moderate," "Mild," or "Not impaired." Categorical variables will be summarized by study arm using descriptive statistics.
24 hours (assessed prior to receiving intervention, at 2 hour point after receiving intervention, and 24 hours after intervention)
Number of Vomiting Episodes
Time Frame: 24 hours following medication administration
The mean number of vomiting episodes per patient will be determined and summarized by study arm.
24 hours following medication administration
Need for rescue antiemetic medication
Time Frame: 2 hours (assessed at the 2 hour mark after administration of the intervention)
Binary outcome for needing or not needing additional dosing of antiemetic medication to treat nausea will be determined. Results will be summarized by study arm.
2 hours (assessed at the 2 hour mark after administration of the intervention)
Number of Patients Requiring Hospitalization
Time Frame: 24 hours
The number/percentage of patients who require hospitalization within 24 hours due to NV symptoms will be determined. Results will be summarized by study arm.
24 hours
Fluid Treatment
Time Frame: 4 hours
The percentage of patients treated with IV fluids will be determined. Results will be summarized by study arm.
4 hours
Mean Fluid Volume
Time Frame: 4 hours
The mean per patient volume of IV fluids administered will be summarized by study arm.
4 hours
QTc Interval (QT interval corrected for heart rate)
Time Frame: Prior to Intervention and at disposition, approximately 2 hours
Mean QTc durations, as calculated from ECG readings administered prior to receiving intervention and at disposition, will be determined. Prolonged QT interval is commonly associated with antiemetics and can often be a prelude to cardiac dysrhythmias associated with mortality. Mean QTc durations will be summarized by study arm.
Prior to Intervention and at disposition, approximately 2 hours
Revisit Rate
Time Frame: 24 hours
Revisit rate will be assessed as the number/percentage of participants requiring a revisit to the Emergency department for NV. Results will be summarized by study arm.
24 hours

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Sponsor

The organization or person who initiates the study and who has authority and control over the study.
Montefiore Medical Center

Investigators

Investigators

A researcher involved in a clinical study. Related terms include site principal investigator, site sub-investigator, study chair, study director, and study principal investigator.
  • Principal Investigator: Benjamin W Friedman, MD MS, Montefiore Medical Center

Publications and helpful links

The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.

General Publications

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

Study Start

The actual date on which the first participant was enrolled in a clinical study. The "anticipated" study start date is the date that the researchers think will be the study start date.
November 13, 2024

Primary Completion (Estimated)

Primary Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention to collect final data for the primary outcome measure. Whether the clinical study ended according to the protocol or was terminated does not affect this date. For clinical studies with more than one primary outcome measure with different completion dates, this term refers to the date on which data collection is completed for all the primary outcome measures. The "anticipated" primary completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the primary completion date for the study.
March 1, 2027

Study Completion (Estimated)

Study Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention/treatment to collect final data for the primary outcome measures, secondary outcome measures, and adverse events (that is, the last participant's last visit). The "anticipated" study completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the study completion date.
March 1, 2027

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

First Submitted

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submitted a study record to ClinicalTrials.gov. There is typically a delay of a few days between the first submitted date and the record's availability on ClinicalTrials.gov (the first posted date).
April 19, 2024

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submits a study record that is consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. The sponsor or investigator may need to revise and submit a study record one or more times before NLM's QC review criteria are met. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
April 19, 2024

First Posted (Actual)

First Posted

The date on which the study record was first available on ClinicalTrials.gov after National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review has concluded. There is typically a delay of a few days between the date the study sponsor or investigator submitted the study record and the first posted date.
April 24, 2024

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

Last Update Posted

The most recent date on which changes to a study record were made available on ClinicalTrials.gov. There may be a delay between when the changes were submitted to ClinicalTrials.gov by the study's sponsor or investigator (the last update submitted date) and the last update posted date.
May 18, 2026

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator submitted changes to a study record that are consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
May 14, 2026

Last Verified

Last Verified

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator confirmed the information about a clinical study on ClinicalTrials.gov as accurate and current. If a study with a recruitment status of recruiting; not yet recruiting; or active, not recruiting has not been confirmed within the past 2 years, the study's recruitment status is shown as unknown.
May 1, 2026

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

Other Study ID Numbers

Identifiers or ID numbers other than the NCT number that are assigned to a clinical study by the study's sponsor, funders, or others. These numbers may include unique identifiers from other trial registries and National Institutes of Health grant numbers.
  • 2024-15703

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

NO

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

Yes

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

product manufactured in and exported from the U.S.

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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