Different Injection Speed on Local Anaesthetic Spread of ESPB

November 9, 2026 updated by: Tao Shan, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University

Impact of Different Injection Rate on Local Anaesthetic Spread of Ultrasound-guided Erector Spinae Plane Block

The aim of this clinical trial is to investigate the effect of different injection speeds on the spread of local anesthetic during ultrasound-guided erector spinae plane block (ESPB) in patients undergoing CT-guided lung nodule localization. The primary question addressed is whether a high injection speed (30 ml delivered within 30 seconds) produces a different local anesthetic distribution compared with a lower injection speed (30 ml delivered within 180 seconds).

Study Overview

Status

Status

Indicates the current recruitment status or the expanded access status.
Recruiting

Conditions

Conditions

The disease, disorder, syndrome, illness, or injury that is being studied. On ClinicalTrials.gov, conditions may also include other health-related issues, such as lifespan, quality of life, and health risks.

Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.

Detailed Description

Senventy-four patients were selected to undergo CT guided puncture localization of lung nodules under local anesthesia, and the patients were divided into groups using a computer-generated random number in a ratio of 1:1. To ensure objectivity, a nurse who was not involved in the study prepared a sealed opaque envelope containing grouping information. Patients were randomly divided into two groups: control group (group C, 37 patients), and experimental group (group S, 37 patients). All patients underwent ultrasound guided ESPB before CT-guided nodule localization. Ultrasound guided ESPB method: Using a high-frequency linear probe (5-13 MHz, Sonosite, USA), the probe is placed parallel to the spine on the surface of the transverse process tip of the seventh thoracic vertebrae. Under ultrasound, the transverse process and spinal muscles are clearly exposed. Then, a long beveled needle is used, and inserted from the cephalad to caudal with in-plane technique. After the needle tip reaches between the transverse process and erector spinae muscles, 2ml saline is injected using water separation technique to confirm the position of the needle tip, then injecting 30ml local anesthetic solution (0.75% ropivacaine 15ml+iohexol 15ml). In the control group, the injection is administered at a rate of 30 ml within 180 seconds. In the experimental group, the injection is delivered at a faster rate of 30 ml withinr 30 seconds. After 30 minutes of block completion, CT scan and puncture localization were performed, following with 3D reconstruction. The primary outcome was mixture spread to the paravertebral space.The second outcomes were as follow: 1.spread to the intercostal space. 2. spread to the epidural space 3.spread to the neural foramina 4. cranio-caudal spread

Study Type

Study Type

Describes the nature of a clinical study. Study types include interventional studies (also called clinical trials), observational studies (including patient registries), and expanded access.
Interventional

Enrollment (Estimated)

Enrollment

The number of participants in a clinical study. The "anticipated" enrollment is the target number of participants that the researchers need for the study.
74

Phase

Phase

The stage of a clinical trial studying a drug or biological product, based on definitions developed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The phase is based on the study's objective, the number of participants, and other characteristics. There are five phases: Early Phase 1 (formerly listed as Phase 0), Phase 1, Phase 2, Phase 3, and Phase 4. Not Applicable is used to describe trials without FDA-defined phases, including trials of devices or behavioral interventions.
  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Contact

Study Contact

The name and contact information for the person who can answer enrollment questions for a clinical study. Each location where the study is being conducted may also have a specific contact, who may be better able to answer those questions.

Study Locations

  • China
    • Jiangsu
      • Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
        • Recruiting
        • Nanjing First Hospital
        • Contact:
          • YING ZHANG
          • Phone Number: 025-52271064

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

The key requirements that people who want to participate in a clinical study must meet or the characteristics they must have. Eligibility criteria consist of both inclusion criteria (which are required for a person to participate in the study) and exclusion criteria (which prevent a person from participating). Types of eligibility criteria include whether a study accepts healthy volunteers, has age or age group requirements, or is limited by sex.

Ages Eligible for Study

18 years to 80 years (Adult, Older Adult)

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Genders Eligible for Study

All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

Patients scheduled for CT-guided lung nodule localization under local anesthesia will be selected

  1. aged 18-80 years
  2. BMI 18-30 kg/m²
  3. ASA classification I-III

Exclusion Criteria:

  1. Allergy to the study drug or to local anesthetics
  2. History of opioid abuse
  3. Previous infection at the ESPB or PVB puncture site
  4. Peripheral neuropathy
  5. Dysfunction of blood coagulation

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Treatment
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: Single

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm

Participant Group / Arm

A group or subgroup of participants in a clinical trial that receives a specific intervention/treatment, or no intervention, according to the trial's protocol.
Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.
Other: Group C

A total of 30 ml of the local anesthetic solution (0.375% ropivacaine, comprising 15 ml ropivacaine and 15 ml iodinated contrast) is injected. In the Group C, the injection is administered within 180 seconds.
Procedure: injection speed

Patients undergoing CT-guided lung nodule localization were selected for the study, and ultrasound-guided erector spinae plane block was performed before surgery with different injection speed.
Experimental: Group S

A total of 30 ml of the local anesthetic solution (0.375% ropivacaine, comprising 15 ml ropivacaine and 15 ml iodinated contrast) is injected. In the Group S, the injection is administered within 30 seconds.
Procedure: injection speed

Patients undergoing CT-guided lung nodule localization were selected for the study, and ultrasound-guided erector spinae plane block was performed before surgery with different injection speed.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, the planned outcome measure that is the most important for evaluating the effect of an intervention/treatment. Most clinical studies have one primary outcome measure, but some have more than one.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Spread of local anesthetic into the paravertebral space
Time Frame: 30 minutes after completion of the ESPB block

Observation of local anesthetic spread into the paravertebral space with CT by a researcher who was blinded to group allocation
30 minutes after completion of the ESPB block

Secondary Outcome Measures

Secondary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, a planned outcome measure that is not as important as the primary outcome measure for evaluating the effect of an intervention but is still of interest. Most clinical studies have more than one secondary outcome measure.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Diffusion of local anesthetic into intercostal space
Time Frame: 30 minutes after completion of the block

The Incidence and thoracic level of local anesthetics to intercostal space was observed with CT by a researcher who was blinded to group allocation.
30 minutes after completion of the block
Diffusion of local anesthetic into the epidural space
Time Frame: 30 minutes after completion of the block

Incidence and segment of local anesthetic spread into the epidural was assessed by a researcher who was blinded to group allocationTime Frame: 30 minute after completion of the block
30 minutes after completion of the block
Diffusion of local anesthetic into the neural foramina
Time Frame: 30 minutes after completion of the block

Incidence and segment of local anesthetic spread into the neural foramina was assessed by a researcher who was blinded to group allocationTime Frame: 30 minute after completion of the block
30 minutes after completion of the block
Cephalocaudal spread of local anesthetic
Time Frame: 30 minutes after completion of the block

Observation of local anesthetic spread cephalocaudally
30 minutes after completion of the block
Loss to Cold Sensation of Skin
Time Frame: 30 minutes after block

The sensation to cold was assessed with ice. The area includes the anterior chest wall (midclavicular line), lateral chest wall (posterior axillary line), and posterior chest wall (paraspinal zone) by a researcher who was blinded to group allocation.
30 minutes after block
NRS (Numeric Rating Scales) Score
Time Frame: 1 hour after CT-guided nodule localization

Numerical Rating Scale (NRS): This scale is composed of 11 numbers from 0 to 10, with higher numbers indicating greater pain intensity.Patients are required to select a number from 0 to 10 that best represents their current pain intensity based on patients' experience.
1 hour after CT-guided nodule localization
Hemodynamic profile
Time Frame: Heart rate changes before blockade, 5minute after blockade, 10 minute after blockade, 20minute after blockade, 30minute after blockade

Hemodynamic changes(Heart rate ) during blockade procedure
Heart rate changes before blockade, 5minute after blockade, 10 minute after blockade, 20minute after blockade, 30minute after blockade
Hemodynamic profile
Time Frame: Mean arterial pressure changes before blockade, 5minute after blockade, 10 minute after blockade, 20minute after blockade, 30minute after blockade

Hemodynamic changes(Mean arterial pressure ) during blockade procedure
Mean arterial pressure changes before blockade, 5minute after blockade, 10 minute after blockade, 20minute after blockade, 30minute after blockade

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Sponsor

The organization or person who initiates the study and who has authority and control over the study.
Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University

Investigators

Investigators

A researcher involved in a clinical study. Related terms include site principal investigator, site sub-investigator, study chair, study director, and study principal investigator.
  • Study Chair: Tao Shan, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

Study Start

The actual date on which the first participant was enrolled in a clinical study. The "anticipated" study start date is the date that the researchers think will be the study start date.
April 21, 2025

Primary Completion (Estimated)

Primary Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention to collect final data for the primary outcome measure. Whether the clinical study ended according to the protocol or was terminated does not affect this date. For clinical studies with more than one primary outcome measure with different completion dates, this term refers to the date on which data collection is completed for all the primary outcome measures. The "anticipated" primary completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the primary completion date for the study.
December 1, 2026

Study Completion (Estimated)

Study Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention/treatment to collect final data for the primary outcome measures, secondary outcome measures, and adverse events (that is, the last participant's last visit). The "anticipated" study completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the study completion date.
March 1, 2027

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

First Submitted

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submitted a study record to ClinicalTrials.gov. There is typically a delay of a few days between the first submitted date and the record's availability on ClinicalTrials.gov (the first posted date).
April 13, 2025

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submits a study record that is consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. The sponsor or investigator may need to revise and submit a study record one or more times before NLM's QC review criteria are met. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
April 13, 2025

First Posted (Actual)

First Posted

The date on which the study record was first available on ClinicalTrials.gov after National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review has concluded. There is typically a delay of a few days between the date the study sponsor or investigator submitted the study record and the first posted date.
April 20, 2025

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

Last Update Posted

The most recent date on which changes to a study record were made available on ClinicalTrials.gov. There may be a delay between when the changes were submitted to ClinicalTrials.gov by the study's sponsor or investigator (the last update submitted date) and the last update posted date.
November 12, 2026

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator submitted changes to a study record that are consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
November 9, 2026

Last Verified

Last Verified

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator confirmed the information about a clinical study on ClinicalTrials.gov as accurate and current. If a study with a recruitment status of recruiting; not yet recruiting; or active, not recruiting has not been confirmed within the past 2 years, the study's recruitment status is shown as unknown.
November 1, 2026

More Information

Terms related to this study

Other Study ID Numbers

Other Study ID Numbers

Identifiers or ID numbers other than the NCT number that are assigned to a clinical study by the study's sponsor, funders, or others. These numbers may include unique identifiers from other trial registries and National Institutes of Health grant numbers.
  • KY20250327-16

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

NO

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

Cookie Settings

We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. For more details carefully read our Privacy and Cookies Policy. ...>>>You can change your preferences or withdraw your consent at any time by deleting the cookies from your website or computer as described in the policy. Please accept it and choose your preferences by ticking the corresponding boxes in the "Manage Settings" section below. Please carefully read our Terms of Service before you proceed with using any part of this website.
«Manage Settings