TLR 9 (rs352140) Gene Polymorphism in Helicobacter Pylori Infection

December 4, 2025 updated by: Nashwa farouk Mohamed, Benha University

TLR 9 (rs352140) Gene Polymorphism in Helicobacter Pylori Infection in Children

study aimed to identify the role of TLR9 (rs352140) gene in suppressing or promoting the inflammation related to H. pylori infection in children.This cross-sectional study was conducted on 50 children with positive H. pylori infection and 50 age and sex matched, negative H. pylori children, all children undertook full history, complete clinical investigation, laboratory testing, upper digestive endoscopies and genotyping of TLR9 (rs352140).

Study Overview

Status

Status

Indicates the current recruitment status or the expanded access status.
Completed

Conditions

Conditions

The disease, disorder, syndrome, illness, or injury that is being studied. On ClinicalTrials.gov, conditions may also include other health-related issues, such as lifespan, quality of life, and health risks.

Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.

Detailed Description

H. pylori infection is acknowledged as one of the major causes of gastrointestinal bacterial infections globally, imposing a substantial load on public health organizations, mostly in low-resource countries . H. pylori infection continues to pose a substantial challenge, particularly in vulnerable populations like infants, despite the significant advance made in health care organization and medicine .

The implications of H. pylori infection in minors have a profound impact on numerous aspects of health and well-being, which extend beyond the gastrointestinal tract.

In addition to its immediate effect on the gastric mucosa integrity of, H. pylori infection has systemic impacts that can have a negative impact on, growth trajectories, the nutritional status and overall health results of children who are affected .

A variety of gastrointestinal disorders, involving moderate gastritis and additional serious diseases like peptic ulcer disease, have been correlated with chronic infection by H. pylori. In addition, epidemiologic evidence indicates a potential correlation between an elevated hazard for acquiring gastric adenocarcinoma and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma in later life and the acquisition of H. pylori infection during childhood. These long-term effects reinforce the urgent need to address H. pylori infection in children as a major community health importance .

Currently, there are numerous invasive and non-invasive diagnostic assessments accessible to identify H. pylori infection in children. However, tissue culture and the rapid urease test or concordant-positive histopathology tests remains the gold standard results .

Mast, macrophages, dendritic, eosinophils, neutrophils, and natural killer (NK) cells are cell actors of the innate immune system which provide antigen-independent defense against H. pylori infection .

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are critical innate immunity regulators that can be stimulated upon the identifying of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) such as viral and bacterial ligands. They serve as the initial line of defense for the host against a variety of circumstances, involving H. pylori infection .

There are 13 TLRs (TLR1-13) in mammals, but only 10 (TLR1-10) are present in humans, but all are present in mice, with TLR10 being nonfunctional.

The human stomach's gastric epithelial cells are known to produce TLR4 and TLR9, which are crucial for innate immune signaling to H. pylori .

Study Type

Study Type

Describes the nature of a clinical study. Study types include interventional studies (also called clinical trials), observational studies (including patient registries), and expanded access.
Interventional

Enrollment (Actual)

Enrollment

The number of participants in a clinical study. The "anticipated" enrollment is the target number of participants that the researchers need for the study.
100

Phase

Phase

The stage of a clinical trial studying a drug or biological product, based on definitions developed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The phase is based on the study's objective, the number of participants, and other characteristics. There are five phases: Early Phase 1 (formerly listed as Phase 0), Phase 1, Phase 2, Phase 3, and Phase 4. Not Applicable is used to describe trials without FDA-defined phases, including trials of devices or behavioral interventions.
  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • Egypt
      • Cairo, Egypt
        • Faculty of Medicine Benha University

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

The key requirements that people who want to participate in a clinical study must meet or the characteristics they must have. Eligibility criteria consist of both inclusion criteria (which are required for a person to participate in the study) and exclusion criteria (which prevent a person from participating). Types of eligibility criteria include whether a study accepts healthy volunteers, has age or age group requirements, or is limited by sex.

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Child
  • Adult

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  1. children with age between 1 and 18 years with gastrointestinal symptoms that necessitates upper digestive endoscopy like:

    • persistent pain in the abdomen and/or the stomach,
    • Heartburn,
    • vomiting,
    • nausea.

  2. children who showed red flag signs like :

    • anemia,
    • gastrointestinal hemorrhage,
    • failure to thrive,
    • increased ESR .

Exclusion Criteria:

  • cases on proton pump inhibitors,
  • those with substantial medical diseases,
  • those with gastrointestinal conditions that could explain their stomach discomfort (such as celiac disease, functional abdominal pain and inflammatory bowel disease).

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Diagnostic
  • Allocation: N/A
  • Interventional Model: Single Group Assignment
  • Masking: None (Open Label)

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm

Participant Group / Arm

A group or subgroup of participants in a clinical trial that receives a specific intervention/treatment, or no intervention, according to the trial's protocol.
Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.
Experimental: children with age between 1 and 18 years with gastrointestinal symptoms that necessitates upper dige

children with age between 1 and 18 years with gastrointestinal symptoms that necessitates upper digestive endoscopy like: persistent pain in the abdomen and/or the stomach, Heartburn, vomiting, and nausea.

Additionally, children who showed red flag signs like anemia, gastrointestinal hemorrhage, failure to thrive, or increased ESR were as well involved.
Diagnostic test: TLR TLR 9 (rs352140) gene polymorphism

Genotyping of TLR9 (rs352140) was done using TaqMan mechanism on the Applied Biosystems™ 7500Fast Dx Real-Time PCR System (Applied Biosystems, Waltham, MA, United States) and a predesigned assay, namely C_2301954_20.

A venous blood sample (2 mls) were withdrawn from each subject and were collected into sterile ethylene diaminetetra acetate "EDTA" (vacutainer) tube and were used for DNA extraction. DNA was extracted from fresh samples and stored at -20 °C till time of assay for determination of TLR9 (rs352140) polymorphism by using real time Polymerase chain reaction (rt PCR) technique. The blood samples were used for DNA extraction using the Gene JET Whole Blood Genomic DNA purification Mini Kit (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Germany) according to the manufacturer's protocol. Determination of DNA concentration was done using Nanodrop One spectrophotometer (thermoscientific, USA). A concentration of (1µg) from each sample was used for genotyping by rtPCR assay. Genotyping of TLR9 (rs352140)

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, the planned outcome measure that is the most important for evaluating the effect of an intervention/treatment. Most clinical studies have one primary outcome measure, but some have more than one.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
TLR9 rs352140 gene polymorphism correlation with of H. pylori infection and incidence of gastritis in children
Time Frame: in 1 to 3 months of complaint
determination of TLR9 (rs352140) polymorphism by using real time Polymerase chain reaction (rt PCR) technique
in 1 to 3 months of complaint
TLR9 rs352140 gene polymorphism with abdominal pain , H. pylori infection and incidence of gastritis in children
Time Frame: in 1 -3months of symptoms
determination of TLR9 (rs352140) polymorphism by using real time Polymerase chain reaction (rt PCR) technique
in 1 -3months of symptoms

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Sponsor

The organization or person who initiates the study and who has authority and control over the study.
Benha University

Publications and helpful links

The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.

General Publications

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

Study Start

The actual date on which the first participant was enrolled in a clinical study. The "anticipated" study start date is the date that the researchers think will be the study start date.
January 1, 2023

Primary Completion (Actual)

Primary Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention to collect final data for the primary outcome measure. Whether the clinical study ended according to the protocol or was terminated does not affect this date. For clinical studies with more than one primary outcome measure with different completion dates, this term refers to the date on which data collection is completed for all the primary outcome measures. The "anticipated" primary completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the primary completion date for the study.
May 1, 2025

Study Completion (Actual)

Study Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention/treatment to collect final data for the primary outcome measures, secondary outcome measures, and adverse events (that is, the last participant's last visit). The "anticipated" study completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the study completion date.
September 1, 2025

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

First Submitted

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submitted a study record to ClinicalTrials.gov. There is typically a delay of a few days between the first submitted date and the record's availability on ClinicalTrials.gov (the first posted date).
November 25, 2025

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submits a study record that is consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. The sponsor or investigator may need to revise and submit a study record one or more times before NLM's QC review criteria are met. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
December 4, 2025

First Posted (Actual)

First Posted

The date on which the study record was first available on ClinicalTrials.gov after National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review has concluded. There is typically a delay of a few days between the date the study sponsor or investigator submitted the study record and the first posted date.
December 17, 2025

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

Last Update Posted

The most recent date on which changes to a study record were made available on ClinicalTrials.gov. There may be a delay between when the changes were submitted to ClinicalTrials.gov by the study's sponsor or investigator (the last update submitted date) and the last update posted date.
December 17, 2025

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator submitted changes to a study record that are consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
December 4, 2025

Last Verified

Last Verified

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator confirmed the information about a clinical study on ClinicalTrials.gov as accurate and current. If a study with a recruitment status of recruiting; not yet recruiting; or active, not recruiting has not been confirmed within the past 2 years, the study's recruitment status is shown as unknown.
December 1, 2025

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

Other Study ID Numbers

Identifiers or ID numbers other than the NCT number that are assigned to a clinical study by the study's sponsor, funders, or others. These numbers may include unique identifiers from other trial registries and National Institutes of Health grant numbers.
  • MS-14-12-2022

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

NO

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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