Intra-oral Evaluation of Force Decay of Pigmented and Transparent Elastomeric Power Chains:

December 23, 2025 updated by: Maha Saleh Mahdi Al-Muntaser, Sana'a University

Intra-oral Evaluation of Force Decay of Pigmented and Transparent Elastomeric Power Chains: A Randomized Clinical Trail.

This study aimed to evaluate the amount of force decay in pigmented and transparent elastomeric power chains. The principal investigator measured the amount of force decay at 7 intervals using a calibrated Dentaurum force gauge. This study also assessed the associated variables that accelerate the force loss, such as brushing frequency, beverage consumption,mastication, Khat chewing, oral , and tooth movement, . The study outcomes provide evidence-based guidance for selecting elastomeric power chains in routine orthodontic practice.

Study Overview

Status

Status

Indicates the current recruitment status or the expanded access status.
Completed

Conditions

Conditions

The disease, disorder, syndrome, illness, or injury that is being studied. On ClinicalTrials.gov, conditions may also include other health-related issues, such as lifespan, quality of life, and health risks.

Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.

Detailed Description

The study was a split-mouth randomized clinical trial. Four colors (pink, blue, black, and grey) and transparent elastomeric power chains from 3 different companies (American Orthodontic, SIA, and Matt) were evaluated. A total of 96 participants were recruited, and 192 elastomeric power chains were stretched between the canine bracket hook and the molar band hook throughout the study period. The delivered force of elastomeric power chains was assessed and compared among each other using a calibrated Dentarum force gauge over 6-week intervals (baseline, 24 hours, first week, second week, third week, fourth week, fifth week, and sixth week). To further investigate factors influencing force decay (FD), data on tooth movement, mastication side, beverage consumption, brushing frequency, oral hygiene status, and khat chewing were collected using a structured questionnaire to assess their potential impact.

Study Type

Study Type

Describes the nature of a clinical study. Study types include interventional studies (also called clinical trials), observational studies (including patient registries), and expanded access.
Interventional

Enrollment (Actual)

Enrollment

The number of participants in a clinical study. The "anticipated" enrollment is the target number of participants that the researchers need for the study.
96

Phase

Phase

The stage of a clinical trial studying a drug or biological product, based on definitions developed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The phase is based on the study's objective, the number of participants, and other characteristics. There are five phases: Early Phase 1 (formerly listed as Phase 0), Phase 1, Phase 2, Phase 3, and Phase 4. Not Applicable is used to describe trials without FDA-defined phases, including trials of devices or behavioral interventions.
  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • Yemen
      • Sanaa, Yemen
        • Sana'a University

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

The key requirements that people who want to participate in a clinical study must meet or the characteristics they must have. Eligibility criteria consist of both inclusion criteria (which are required for a person to participate in the study) and exclusion criteria (which prevent a person from participating). Types of eligibility criteria include whether a study accepts healthy volunteers, has age or age group requirements, or is limited by sex.

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Child
  • Adult

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  1. Patients aged between 12-30 years.
  2. Patients who are undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment.
  3. Orthodontic patients who underwent bilateral extraction protocol in maxillary arch.
  4. Patients were in working arch wire 19×25 stainless steel.
  5. Patients with moderate anchorage to ensure comparable baseline mechanics.

Exclusion Criteria:

  1. Patients indicated for orthognathic treatment.
  2. Patients who reported any systemic diseases.
  3. Patients with clefts or syndromes.

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Treatment
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: Double

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm

Participant Group / Arm

A group or subgroup of participants in a clinical trial that receives a specific intervention/treatment, or no intervention, according to the trial's protocol.
Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.
Experimental: Matt gray elastomeric power chains
EPCs were stretched between the canine bracket hook and the first molar band hook throughout the study period. The delivered force of EPCs was measured using a Dentarum force gauge over 6-week intervals (baseline, after the 1st 24 hours, 1st week, 2nd week, 3rd week, 4th week, 5th week, and 6th week
Other: Matt gray elastomeric power chains
Matt gray elastomeric power chains is Orthodontic auxiliary/ elastomeric power chains.
Other: Matt blue elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: Matt pink elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: Matt transparent elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: Matt black elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: American orthodontic gray elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: Americam orthodontic blue elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: Americam orthodontic black elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: Americam orthodontic pink elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: Americam orthodontic transparent elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: SIA pink elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: SIA blue elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: SIA black elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: SIA transparent elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: SIA gray elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Experimental: Matt blue elastomeric power chains
EPCs were stretched between the canine bracket hook and the first molar band hook throughout the study period. The delivered force of EPCs was measured using a Dentarum force gauge over 6-week intervals (baseline, after the 1st 24 hours, 1st week, 2nd week, 3rd week, 4th week, 5th week, and 6th week
Other: Matt gray elastomeric power chains
Matt gray elastomeric power chains is Orthodontic auxiliary/ elastomeric power chains.
Other: Matt blue elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: Matt pink elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: Matt transparent elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: Matt black elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: American orthodontic gray elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: Americam orthodontic blue elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: Americam orthodontic black elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: Americam orthodontic pink elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: Americam orthodontic transparent elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: SIA pink elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: SIA blue elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: SIA black elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: SIA transparent elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: SIA gray elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Experimental: Matt transparent elastomeric power chains
EPCs were stretched between the canine bracket hook and the first molar band hook throughout the study period. The delivered force of EPCs was measured using a Dentarum force gauge over 6-week intervals (baseline, after the 1st 24 hours, 1st week, 2nd week, 3rd week, 4th week, 5th week, and 6th week
Other: Matt gray elastomeric power chains
Matt gray elastomeric power chains is Orthodontic auxiliary/ elastomeric power chains.
Other: Matt blue elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: Matt pink elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: Matt transparent elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: Matt black elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: American orthodontic gray elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: Americam orthodontic blue elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: Americam orthodontic black elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: Americam orthodontic pink elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: Americam orthodontic transparent elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: SIA pink elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: SIA blue elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: SIA black elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: SIA transparent elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: SIA gray elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Experimental: Matt black elastomeric power chains
EPCs were stretched between the canine bracket hook and the first molar band hook throughout the study period. The delivered force of EPCs was measured using a Dentarum force gauge over 6-week intervals (baseline, after the 1st 24 hours, 1st week, 2nd week, 3rd week, 4th week, 5th week, and 6th week
Other: Matt gray elastomeric power chains
Matt gray elastomeric power chains is Orthodontic auxiliary/ elastomeric power chains.
Other: Matt blue elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: Matt pink elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: Matt transparent elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: Matt black elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: American orthodontic gray elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: Americam orthodontic blue elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: Americam orthodontic black elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: Americam orthodontic pink elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: Americam orthodontic transparent elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: SIA pink elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: SIA blue elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: SIA black elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: SIA transparent elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: SIA gray elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Experimental: American orthodocntic gray elastomeric power chains
EPCs were stretched between the canine bracket hook and the first molar band hook throughout the study period. The delivered force of EPCs was measured using a Dentarum force gauge over 6-week intervals (baseline, after the 1st 24 hours, 1st week, 2nd week, 3rd week, 4th week, 5th week, and 6th week
Other: Matt gray elastomeric power chains
Matt gray elastomeric power chains is Orthodontic auxiliary/ elastomeric power chains.
Other: Matt blue elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: Matt pink elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: Matt transparent elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: Matt black elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: American orthodontic gray elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: Americam orthodontic blue elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: Americam orthodontic black elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: Americam orthodontic pink elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: Americam orthodontic transparent elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: SIA pink elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: SIA blue elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: SIA black elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: SIA transparent elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: SIA gray elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Experimental: American orthodontic blue elastomeric power chains
EPCs were stretched between the canine bracket hook and the first molar band hook throughout the study period. The delivered force of EPCs was measured using a Dentarum force gauge over 6-week intervals (baseline, after the 1st 24 hours, 1st week, 2nd week, 3rd week, 4th week, 5th week, and 6th week
Other: Matt gray elastomeric power chains
Matt gray elastomeric power chains is Orthodontic auxiliary/ elastomeric power chains.
Other: Matt blue elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: Matt pink elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: Matt transparent elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: Matt black elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: American orthodontic gray elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: Americam orthodontic blue elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: Americam orthodontic black elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: Americam orthodontic pink elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: Americam orthodontic transparent elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: SIA pink elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: SIA blue elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: SIA black elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: SIA transparent elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: SIA gray elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Experimental: American orthodocntic black elastomeric power chains
EPCs were stretched between the canine bracket hook and the first molar band hook throughout the study period. The delivered force of EPCs was measured using a Dentarum force gauge over 6-week intervals (baseline, after the 1st 24 hours, 1st week, 2nd week, 3rd week, 4th week, 5th week, and 6th week
Other: Matt gray elastomeric power chains
Matt gray elastomeric power chains is Orthodontic auxiliary/ elastomeric power chains.
Other: Matt blue elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: Matt pink elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: Matt transparent elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: Matt black elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: American orthodontic gray elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: Americam orthodontic blue elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: Americam orthodontic black elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: Americam orthodontic pink elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: Americam orthodontic transparent elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: SIA pink elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: SIA blue elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: SIA black elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: SIA transparent elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: SIA gray elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Experimental: American orthodocntic pink elastomeric power chains
EPCs were stretched between the canine bracket hook and the first molar band hook throughout the study period. The delivered force of EPCs was measured using a Dentarum force gauge over 6-week intervals (baseline, after the 1st 24 hours, 1st week, 2nd week, 3rd week, 4th week, 5th week, and 6th week
Other: Matt gray elastomeric power chains
Matt gray elastomeric power chains is Orthodontic auxiliary/ elastomeric power chains.
Other: Matt blue elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: Matt pink elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: Matt transparent elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: Matt black elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: American orthodontic gray elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: Americam orthodontic blue elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: Americam orthodontic black elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: Americam orthodontic pink elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: Americam orthodontic transparent elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: SIA pink elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: SIA blue elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: SIA black elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: SIA transparent elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: SIA gray elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Experimental: American orthodocntic transparent elastomeric power chains
EPCs were stretched between the canine bracket hook and the first molar band hook throughout the study period. The delivered force of EPCs was measured using a Dentarum force gauge over 6-week intervals (baseline, after the 1st 24 hours, 1st week, 2nd week, 3rd week, 4th week, 5th week, and 6th week
Other: Matt gray elastomeric power chains
Matt gray elastomeric power chains is Orthodontic auxiliary/ elastomeric power chains.
Other: Matt blue elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: Matt pink elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: Matt transparent elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: Matt black elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: American orthodontic gray elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: Americam orthodontic blue elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: Americam orthodontic black elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: Americam orthodontic pink elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: Americam orthodontic transparent elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: SIA pink elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: SIA blue elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: SIA black elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: SIA transparent elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: SIA gray elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Experimental: SIA black elastomeric power chains
EPCs were stretched between the canine bracket hook and the first molar band hook throughout the study period. The delivered force of EPCs was measured using a Dentarum force gauge over 6-week intervals (baseline, after the 1st 24 hours, 1st week, 2nd week, 3rd week, 4th week, 5th week, and 6th week
Other: Matt gray elastomeric power chains
Matt gray elastomeric power chains is Orthodontic auxiliary/ elastomeric power chains.
Other: Matt blue elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: Matt pink elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: Matt transparent elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: Matt black elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: American orthodontic gray elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: Americam orthodontic blue elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: Americam orthodontic black elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: Americam orthodontic pink elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: Americam orthodontic transparent elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: SIA pink elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: SIA blue elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: SIA black elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: SIA transparent elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: SIA gray elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Experimental: SIA pink Elastomeric power chains
EPCs were stretched between the canine bracket hook and the first molar band hook throughout the study period. The delivered force of EPCs was measured using a Dentarum force gauge over 6-week intervals (baseline, after the 1st 24 hours, 1st week, 2nd week, 3rd week, 4th week, 5th week, and 6th week
Other: Matt gray elastomeric power chains
Matt gray elastomeric power chains is Orthodontic auxiliary/ elastomeric power chains.
Other: Matt blue elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: Matt pink elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: Matt transparent elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: Matt black elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: American orthodontic gray elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: Americam orthodontic blue elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: Americam orthodontic black elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: Americam orthodontic pink elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: Americam orthodontic transparent elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: SIA pink elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: SIA blue elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: SIA black elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: SIA transparent elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: SIA gray elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Experimental: SIA blue Elastomeric power chains
EPCs were stretched between the canine bracket hook and the first molar band hook throughout the study period. The delivered force of EPCs was measured using a Dentarum force gauge over 6-week intervals (baseline, after the 1st 24 hours, 1st week, 2nd week, 3rd week, 4th week, 5th week, and 6th week
Other: Matt gray elastomeric power chains
Matt gray elastomeric power chains is Orthodontic auxiliary/ elastomeric power chains.
Other: Matt blue elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: Matt pink elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: Matt transparent elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: Matt black elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: American orthodontic gray elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: Americam orthodontic blue elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: Americam orthodontic black elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: Americam orthodontic pink elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: Americam orthodontic transparent elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: SIA pink elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: SIA blue elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: SIA black elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: SIA transparent elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: SIA gray elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Experimental: SIA gray Elastomeric power chains
EPCs were stretched between the canine bracket hook and the first molar band hook throughout the study period. The delivered force of EPCs was measured using a Dentarum force gauge over 6-week intervals (baseline, after the 1st 24 hours, 1st week, 2nd week, 3rd week, 4th week, 5th week, and 6th week
Other: Matt gray elastomeric power chains
Matt gray elastomeric power chains is Orthodontic auxiliary/ elastomeric power chains.
Other: Matt blue elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: Matt pink elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: Matt transparent elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: Matt black elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: American orthodontic gray elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: Americam orthodontic blue elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: Americam orthodontic black elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: Americam orthodontic pink elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: Americam orthodontic transparent elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: SIA pink elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: SIA blue elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: SIA black elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: SIA transparent elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: SIA gray elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Experimental: SIA transparent Elastomeric power chains
EPCs were stretched between the canine bracket hook and the first molar band hook throughout the study period. The delivered force of EPCs was measured using a Dentarum force gauge over 6-week intervals (baseline, after the 1st 24 hours, 1st week, 2nd week, 3rd week, 4th week, 5th week, and 6th week
Other: Matt gray elastomeric power chains
Matt gray elastomeric power chains is Orthodontic auxiliary/ elastomeric power chains.
Other: Matt blue elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: Matt pink elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: Matt transparent elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: Matt black elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: American orthodontic gray elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: Americam orthodontic blue elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: Americam orthodontic black elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: Americam orthodontic pink elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: Americam orthodontic transparent elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: SIA pink elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: SIA blue elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: SIA black elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: SIA transparent elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: SIA gray elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Experimental: Matt pink elastomeric power chains
EPCs were stretched between the canine bracket hook and the first molar band hook throughout the study period. The delivered force of EPCs was measured using a Dentarum force gauge over 6-week intervals (baseline, after the 1st 24 hours, 1st week, 2nd week, 3rd week, 4th week, 5th week, and 6th week
Other: Matt gray elastomeric power chains
Matt gray elastomeric power chains is Orthodontic auxiliary/ elastomeric power chains.
Other: Matt blue elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: Matt pink elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: Matt transparent elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: Matt black elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: American orthodontic gray elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: Americam orthodontic blue elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: Americam orthodontic black elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: Americam orthodontic pink elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: Americam orthodontic transparent elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: SIA pink elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: SIA blue elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: SIA black elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: SIA transparent elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system
Other: SIA gray elastomeric power chains
Orthodontic Auxiliary force generated system

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, the planned outcome measure that is the most important for evaluating the effect of an intervention/treatment. Most clinical studies have one primary outcome measure, but some have more than one.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Evaluate the force decay of pigmented and transparent elastomeric power chains in a group of orthodontic patients
Time Frame: Baseline and weekly for 6 weeks.
Measurement of the amount of force decay (in grams) for each elastomeric power chain sample at baseline and at 7 time intervals over 6 weeks using a digital force gauge.
Baseline and weekly for 6 weeks.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Secondary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, a planned outcome measure that is not as important as the primary outcome measure for evaluating the effect of an intervention but is still of interest. Most clinical studies have more than one secondary outcome measure.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Correlation between force decay and associated variables (tooth movement, masticating side, beverage consumption, brushing frequency, oral hygiene, and khat chewing)
Time Frame: At 6 weeks
Correlation analysis between force decay values (in grams) and the associated variables collected through a structured questionnaire.
At 6 weeks

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Sponsor

The organization or person who initiates the study and who has authority and control over the study.
Sana'a University

Investigators

Investigators

A researcher involved in a clinical study. Related terms include site principal investigator, site sub-investigator, study chair, study director, and study principal investigator.
  • Study Director: Mohammed Abdullah Al-Labani, Ph degree, Sana'a University,Sana'a,Yemen.

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

Study Start

The actual date on which the first participant was enrolled in a clinical study. The "anticipated" study start date is the date that the researchers think will be the study start date.
November 19, 2023

Primary Completion (Actual)

Primary Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention to collect final data for the primary outcome measure. Whether the clinical study ended according to the protocol or was terminated does not affect this date. For clinical studies with more than one primary outcome measure with different completion dates, this term refers to the date on which data collection is completed for all the primary outcome measures. The "anticipated" primary completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the primary completion date for the study.
September 20, 2024

Study Completion (Actual)

Study Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention/treatment to collect final data for the primary outcome measures, secondary outcome measures, and adverse events (that is, the last participant's last visit). The "anticipated" study completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the study completion date.
September 20, 2024

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

First Submitted

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submitted a study record to ClinicalTrials.gov. There is typically a delay of a few days between the first submitted date and the record's availability on ClinicalTrials.gov (the first posted date).
November 26, 2025

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submits a study record that is consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. The sponsor or investigator may need to revise and submit a study record one or more times before NLM's QC review criteria are met. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
December 9, 2025

First Posted (Estimated)

First Posted

The date on which the study record was first available on ClinicalTrials.gov after National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review has concluded. There is typically a delay of a few days between the date the study sponsor or investigator submitted the study record and the first posted date.
December 23, 2025

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

Last Update Posted

The most recent date on which changes to a study record were made available on ClinicalTrials.gov. There may be a delay between when the changes were submitted to ClinicalTrials.gov by the study's sponsor or investigator (the last update submitted date) and the last update posted date.
December 31, 2025

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator submitted changes to a study record that are consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
December 23, 2025

Last Verified

Last Verified

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator confirmed the information about a clinical study on ClinicalTrials.gov as accurate and current. If a study with a recruitment status of recruiting; not yet recruiting; or active, not recruiting has not been confirmed within the past 2 years, the study's recruitment status is shown as unknown.
December 1, 2025

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

Other Study ID Numbers

Identifiers or ID numbers other than the NCT number that are assigned to a clinical study by the study's sponsor, funders, or others. These numbers may include unique identifiers from other trial registries and National Institutes of Health grant numbers.
  • 179

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

UNDECIDED

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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