THE TURKISH VERSION OF THE EKSTEROCEPTIVE BODY AWARENESS QUESTIONNAIRE (EBA-Q)

April 15, 2026 updated by: Seval Tamer, Kutahya Health Sciences University

VALIDITY AND RELIABILITY OF THE TURKISH VERSION OF THE EKSTEROCEPTIVE BODY AWARENESS QUESTIONNAIRE

Our study was planned to establish the validity and reliability of the EBA-Q Questionnaire, developed to determine external body awareness, in Turkish and to contribute it to the literature for use in research.

Study Overview

Status

Status

Indicates the current recruitment status or the expanded access status.
Enrolling by invitation

Conditions

Conditions

The disease, disorder, syndrome, illness, or injury that is being studied. On ClinicalTrials.gov, conditions may also include other health-related issues, such as lifespan, quality of life, and health risks.

Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.

Detailed Description

Examining body awareness in all its aspects is a fundamental concept for a deeper understanding of mind-body interactions, and body awareness assessments and treatments have been frequently used in the field of physiotherapy and rehabilitation in recent years. The current body awareness self-report measures are only items related to internal perception or body perception questionnaires that measure internal perception and proprioception, but the only questionnaire we encountered in the literature that assesses exteroceptive awareness is the exteroceptive body awareness questionnaire (EBA-Q) developed in 2023. EBA-Q is an assessment tool used to measure a person's ability to perceive their own body based on exteroceptive signals and to accurately evaluate changes.

Study Type

Study Type

Describes the nature of a clinical study. Study types include interventional studies (also called clinical trials), observational studies (including patient registries), and expanded access.
Observational

Enrollment (Estimated)

Enrollment

The number of participants in a clinical study. The "anticipated" enrollment is the target number of participants that the researchers need for the study.
180

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • Turkey (Türkiye)
    • Kütahya
      • Kütahya, Kütahya, Turkey (Türkiye), 43020
        • Kutahya Health Sciences University

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

The key requirements that people who want to participate in a clinical study must meet or the characteristics they must have. Eligibility criteria consist of both inclusion criteria (which are required for a person to participate in the study) and exclusion criteria (which prevent a person from participating). Types of eligibility criteria include whether a study accepts healthy volunteers, has age or age group requirements, or is limited by sex.

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Adult
  • Older Adult

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Sampling Method

Non-Probability Sample

Study Population

Healthy individuals

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Those who can read and write Turkish
  • have any brain damage, serious musculoskeletal problems, or neurological problems.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Individuals with cognitive, mental, or psychological problems
  • have received body awareness/perception training excluded from the study.

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

Cohorts and Interventions

Group / Cohort

Group / Cohort

A group or subgroup of participants in an observational study that is assessed for biomedical or health outcomes.
Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.
single group
healthy individuals
Other: Survey using a questionnaire.
survey measurement

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, the planned outcome measure that is the most important for evaluating the effect of an intervention/treatment. Most clinical studies have one primary outcome measure, but some have more than one.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
EBA-Q
Time Frame: DAY 1
The EBA-Q is an assessment tool used to measure a person's ability to perceive their own body based on exteroceptive signals and accurately evaluate changes. The 18-item questionnaire consists of four subscales: visual-tactile body awareness (7 items measuring the sensitivity to assessing whether the body can pass through narrow passages or under low ceilings, and the sensitivity to detecting other people's touch, insects, sweat, and puddles); spatial coordination (4 items measuring the level of spatial awareness when interacting with objects in space, such as bumping into people and furniture); awareness of body changes (4 items asking about weight changes, the appearance of scars and moles, and tanning); and awareness of clothing fit (3 items measuring the relationship between clothing, belts, shoes, and body size). It is evaluated using a 5-point Likert scale (1=not at all appropriate, 5=very appropriate).High scores indicate high awareness.
DAY 1
SAS
Time Frame: DAY 1
The Turkish validity and reliability study of the two subscales (SSI, SSI) that we will use in our study, which consist of 3 subcategories (private self-awareness=SSA, social self-awareness=SSA, and social anxiety) and a total of 22 questions, was conducted by Neslihan Rugancı in 1995 (13). SSI, consisting of 9 items, is an internal self-awareness structure and includes items related to individuals having a positive awareness of their emotional states that is free from subjectivity, and items related to self-reflection, items related to the individual's thinking, imagining, and evaluating themselves regarding their past, experiences, value judgments, and behaviors. SSI, consisting of 7 items, includes items related to the individual's tendencies regarding their behavior patterns and their interest in a certain image they want to present to society. The scale items are evaluated with a 4-point Likert scale (1=Disagree, 4=Strongly Agree). High scores obtained high awareness
DAY 1

Secondary Outcome Measures

Secondary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, a planned outcome measure that is not as important as the primary outcome measure for evaluating the effect of an intervention but is still of interest. Most clinical studies have more than one secondary outcome measure.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
MAIA-2
Time Frame: DAY 1
The questionnaire developed in 2018, used to measure eight dimensions of internal body awareness, consists of a total of 37 items. It is evaluated using a six-level Likert scale from 0 (never) to 5 (always) (6). It consists of the following sub-parameters: Awareness (4 items), Distraction-Free (6 items), Non-Worry (5 items, α=0.67), Attention Regulation (7 items), Emotional Awareness (5 items), Self-Regulation (4 items), Body Listening (3 items), and Trust (3 items). The Cronbach's alpha value of the sub-parameters ranges from 0.64 to 0.83. The Turkish validity and reliability were established by Özpınar. For the Turkish translation of EBAQ, the Awareness and Body Listening, Attention Regulation, and Non-Worry subscales (total 18 items) used in the original questionnaire will be utilized. High scores indicate high awareness.
DAY 1

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Sponsor

The organization or person who initiates the study and who has authority and control over the study.
Kutahya Health Sciences University

Investigators

Investigators

A researcher involved in a clinical study. Related terms include site principal investigator, site sub-investigator, study chair, study director, and study principal investigator.
  • Principal Investigator: SEVAL TAMER, Kutahya Health Sciences University

Publications and helpful links

The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.

General Publications

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

Study Start

The actual date on which the first participant was enrolled in a clinical study. The "anticipated" study start date is the date that the researchers think will be the study start date.
April 10, 2026

Primary Completion (Estimated)

Primary Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention to collect final data for the primary outcome measure. Whether the clinical study ended according to the protocol or was terminated does not affect this date. For clinical studies with more than one primary outcome measure with different completion dates, this term refers to the date on which data collection is completed for all the primary outcome measures. The "anticipated" primary completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the primary completion date for the study.
June 20, 2026

Study Completion (Estimated)

Study Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention/treatment to collect final data for the primary outcome measures, secondary outcome measures, and adverse events (that is, the last participant's last visit). The "anticipated" study completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the study completion date.
August 20, 2026

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

First Submitted

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submitted a study record to ClinicalTrials.gov. There is typically a delay of a few days between the first submitted date and the record's availability on ClinicalTrials.gov (the first posted date).
April 6, 2026

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submits a study record that is consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. The sponsor or investigator may need to revise and submit a study record one or more times before NLM's QC review criteria are met. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
April 15, 2026

First Posted (Actual)

First Posted

The date on which the study record was first available on ClinicalTrials.gov after National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review has concluded. There is typically a delay of a few days between the date the study sponsor or investigator submitted the study record and the first posted date.
April 17, 2026

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

Last Update Posted

The most recent date on which changes to a study record were made available on ClinicalTrials.gov. There may be a delay between when the changes were submitted to ClinicalTrials.gov by the study's sponsor or investigator (the last update submitted date) and the last update posted date.
April 17, 2026

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator submitted changes to a study record that are consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
April 15, 2026

Last Verified

Last Verified

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator confirmed the information about a clinical study on ClinicalTrials.gov as accurate and current. If a study with a recruitment status of recruiting; not yet recruiting; or active, not recruiting has not been confirmed within the past 2 years, the study's recruitment status is shown as unknown.
April 1, 2026

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Other Study ID Numbers

Other Study ID Numbers

Identifiers or ID numbers other than the NCT number that are assigned to a clinical study by the study's sponsor, funders, or others. These numbers may include unique identifiers from other trial registries and National Institutes of Health grant numbers.
  • KHSU-ST-04

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

UNDECIDED

IPD Plan Description

The study is conducted on healthy volunteers and is planned to be shared with authorities upon request.

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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