Androgen Suppression Combined With Elective Nodal and Dose Escalated Radiation Therapy

March 14, 2014 updated by: University of British Columbia

A Randomized Phase III Study Comparing Androgen Suppression and Elective Pelvic Nodal Irradiation Followed by High Dose 3-D Conformal Boost Versus Androgen Suppression and Elective Pelvic Nodal Irradiation Followed by 125-Iodine Brachytherapy Implant Boost for Patients With Intermediate and High Risk Localized Prostate Cancer

The purpose of this trial is to compare two similar treatments for patients diagnosed with prostate cancer. The two treatment arms being compared are: (Standard Arm) hormone therapy, which will prevent the production of the male hormone, testosterone, by the testicles, and pelvic external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) followed by a high-dose, conformal EBRT boost versus (Investigational Arm) hormone therapy and pelvic EBRT followed by a brachytherapy boost (implantation of radioactive iodine sources or "seeds" into the prostate).

The hypothesis of this trial is that more patients may experience 5 year actuarial freedom from biochemical recurrence of their prostate cancer following treatment with the investigational arm. Biochemical failure is declared on the date when the post treatment prostate specific antigen (PSA) is > 2 ng/mL above the lowest level previously recorded.

Study Overview

Status

Unknown

Conditions

Intervention / Treatment

Detailed Description

Patients will be randomly assigned with equal probability to one or two treatment arms, Arm 1 or Arm 2, where the interventions associated with these Arms are as follows:

Arm 1:

Neoadjuvant, concurrent and adjuvant androgen suppression, elective pelvic nodal irradiation (EPNI), high dose conformal EBRT boost to the prostate, and appropriate secondary interventions at failure.

Arm 2:

Neoadjuvant, concurrent and adjuvant androgen suppression, elective pelvic nodal irradiation (EPNI), permanent 125-Iodine brachytherapy boost to the prostate, and appropriate secondary interventions at failure.

If a patient is assigned to Arm 1, the radiation oncologist will initiate androgen suppression and monitor clinical and biochemical response. After an 8-month duration of neoadjuvant androgen suppression, the patient will undergo a course of elective pelvic nodal irradiation (EPNI) to a volume encompassing the prostate gland, seminal vesicles and regional lymph nodes. The pelvic irradiation will be followed by a dose-escalated 3-D conformal EBRT boost to the prostate with appropriate margins. The total radiation dose to the regional lymphatics is 46 Gy and prostate dose is 78 Gy at the ICRU reference point with a minimum dose to the PTV of > 74 Gy. Androgen suppression is maintained throughout radiation therapy and following the completion of radiation therapy until the patient has received a total duration of androgen suppression of 12 months including the neoadjuvant phase.

If the patient is assigned to Arm 2, the radiation oncologist will initiate androgen suppression and monitor clinical and biochemical response. After an 8-month duration of neoadjuvant androgen suppression, the patient will undergo a course of elective pelvic nodal irradiation (EPNI) to a volume encompassing the prostate gland, seminal vesicles and regional lymph nodes. The total radiation dose to the regional lymphatics is 46 Gy. Two weeks following the completion of the pelvic irradiation, the patient will undergo a permanent 125-Iodine brachytherapy prostate implant at the facilities of the participating institution by a team of healthcare professionals lead by a Radiation Oncologist with experience in prostate brachytherapy. To be eligible to participate, the institution must have done at least 25 cases of prostate brachytherapy with stranded sources. The minimal peripheral dose (MPD) to the prostate gland from the implant will be 115 Gy. A modified peripheral loading technique will be used in an effort to maintain the periurethral dose to < 150% of the MPD. Androgen suppression is maintained throughout radiation therapy until the patient has received a total duration of androgen suppression of 12 months including the neoadjuvant phase.

All patients randomized are part of the analysis. The patient remains on study whether or not protocol treatment defined for the assigned arm is completed. The end of the primary intervention is defined as 18 months following the start of neoadjuvant androgen suppression in both arms.

Secondary Objectives:

Overall survival, metastasis-free survival, pathological local control, incidence of acute and late side effects and complications associated with the treatment interventions, effect of the planned interventions on QOL and rate of testosterone recovery.

Study Type

Interventional

Enrollment (Anticipated)

400

Phase

  • Phase 3

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • Canada
    • British Columbia
      • Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V5Z 4E6
        • BC Cancer Agency

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

18 years and older (Adult, Older Adult)

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Genders Eligible for Study

Male

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  1. Patients must have histologically-proven prostate cancer stage T1c -T3a (UICC 1997).
  2. Patients with clinically organ-confined disease must meet the Canadian consensus definition of intermediate risk disease (i.e any one or more of: CS = T2b [UICC1997 = bilateral palpable intra-capsular disease], GS = 7, or iPSA >10 and 20).
  3. Patients with Gleason sum 8 and/or PSA > 20 must have a CT pelvis, and nuclear medicine bone scan showing no evidence of nodal (N0) or distant metastases (M0).
  4. Registration must occur within 36 weeks of biopsy.
  5. Patients with clinical or pathological evidence of seminal vesicle invasion (stage T3b) or involvement of adjacent pelvic organs/structures (stage T4) are not eligible.
  6. Pre-intervention PSA must not exceed 40 ng ml-1.
  7. Patients must have a chest x-ray and the following blood tests within four weeks of registration: PSA, PAP, testosterone, CBC, electrolytes, BUN, creatinine, AST, LDH and alkaline phosphatase. Patients with values for one or more of these tests that fall outside the normal range will not necessarily be ineligible, however, their eligibility will need to be reviewed by the study coordinator.
  8. Patients must have an ECG within four weeks of registration. Patients with ECGs judged to be significantly abnormal require a consultation with a cardiologist to ascertain their suitability for general or spinal anesthesia.
  9. Patients judged clinically to have a prostate volume > 65 cm3 prior to starting androgen suppression must have a transrectal ultrasound for volume estimation. Patients with TRUS prostate volumes > 75 cm3 prior to starting androgen suppression are not eligible for the study.

  10. Patients may have been started on neoadjuvant androgen suppression prior to registration provided:

    • there is documentation of pre-treatment PSA and
    • in the case of patients with iPSA >20 and/or Gleason sum 8, a bone scan and CT pelvis were done prior to or within 4 weeks after starting neoadjuvant androgen suppression.
  11. Patients must not have received prior surgical treatment for prostate cancer including transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP), transurethral resection of the bladder neck (TURB), cryotherapy, laser ablation, or microwave therapy.
  12. Patients should have an estimated life expectancy of at least 5 years with an ECOG performance status of 0-2.
  13. Patients may not have received prior radiation therapy to the pelvis.
  14. Patients must be fit for general or spinal anesthetic.
  15. Patients on Coumadin therapy must be able to stop the therapy safely for at least 12 days. Documentation as to the safety of such an interruption in anticoagulation therapy must be provided by an appropriate specialist physician (usually a cardiologist or hematologist).
  16. Patients must be judged to have no contraindication to high dose pelvic irradiation or LHRH agonist therapy.

  17. Cancer survivors are eligible providing that all three of the following criteria are met:

    • The patient has undergone potentially curative therapy for all prior malignancies.
    • There has been no evidence of recurrence for at least five years following potentially curative therapy. (For non-melanoma skin cancer the five-year requirement does not apply.)
    • The patient is considered by the treating physician to be at low risk of recurrence from prior malignancies.

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Treatment
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: None (Open Label)

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm
Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: 2
Procedure: Androgen suppression, radiotherapy, iodine 125 brachytherapy
Total of 12 months of androgen suppression. 8 months after the start of androgen suppression 4.2-5 weeks external beam radiation (46 Gy in 23 equal fractions) followed by iodine 125 brachytherapy carried out 14-25 days after the last external beam treatment.
Active Comparator: 1
Procedure: Androgen suppression, radiotherapy
Total of 12 months of androgen suppression. 8 months after the start of androgen suppression 4.2-5 weeks external beam radiation (46 Gy in 23 equal fractions) followed by an external beam radiation boost lasting 3.2-4 weeks (32 Gy in 16 equal fractions).
Other Names:
  • Androgen suppression: non-steroidal androgen (any of flutamide, nilutamide or bicalutamide (bicalutamide is almost always used).
  • LHRH monotherapy: buserelin acetate or leuprolide acetate.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Time Frame
The primary end point of this trial is 5 year actuarial freedom from biochemical recurrence (5 year bNED) using the Houston definition of biochemical failure.
Time Frame: 5 years
5 years

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Time Frame
This trial is also intended to determine overall survival, metastasis-free survival, pathological local control, incidence of acute and late side effects and complications associated with the treatment interventions, effect of the planned interventions.
Time Frame: 5 years
5 years

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

University of British Columbia

Investigators

  • Principal Investigator: William J Morris, MD, University of British Columbia

Publications and helpful links

The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.

General Publications

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start

May 1, 2004

Primary Completion (Actual)

December 1, 2011

Study Completion (Anticipated)

June 1, 2014

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

September 11, 2005

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

September 11, 2005

First Posted (Estimate)

September 15, 2005

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Estimate)

March 17, 2014

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

March 14, 2014

Last Verified

March 1, 2014

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

  • H04-60050

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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