Goal Setting and Lifestyle (GSDB)

Goal Setting and Decisional Balance Applied to Physical Activity and Fruit & Vegetable Consumption

The primary aim of this feasibility study is to determine if a theory-based lifestyle intervention consisting of telephone counseling is associated with improvements in physical activity and dietary intake.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Physical Activity; Diet
• Intervention / Treatment: Behavioral: Physical activity; Behavioral: Fruit and vegetable

Detailed Description

Goal setting has become an integral part of physical activity and dietary interventions; however, few studies have examined the theoretical constructs that drive goal-setting theory. To address the limitations and gaps in the literature, we designed an 8-week health behavior intervention for a racially and ethnically diverse sample of older adults. The primary aim of this study was to determine whether older adults randomized to a goal-setting intervention for physical activity or fruit and vegetable (F&V) intake would make significant improvements in physical activity or F&V intake. The secondary aim of this study was to determine whether participating in goal-setting interventions was associated with changes in theoretical constructs related to goal-setting. We hypothesized that older adults assigned to the physical activity condition would significantly increase metabolic minutes (MET-minutes) of physical activity from baseline to follow-up and that participants assigned to the F&V intake condition would significantly increase mean servings of F&V. In addition, we hypothesized that mean scores of goal specificity, difficulty, effort, commitment, persistence, barrier self-efficacy, and task self-efficacy would significantly increase from baseline to follow-up for both groups.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 43
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• United States
  • Hawaii
    • Honolulu, Hawaii, United States, 96813
      • Cancer Research Center of Hawaii / University of Hawaii

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 55 years to 85 years (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• must be 55 years or older,
• posses a telephone,
• able to give informed consent, and
• commit to a 10 week study.

Exclusion Criteria:

• currently enrolled in a study promoting physical activity or dietary intake,
• currently exceeding current recommendations for physical activity or F&V intake at baseline, and
• medical conditions contraindicating physical activity or fruit and vegetable consumption.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Prevention
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Physical activity; Participants received individual tailored telephone counseling and group-tailored newsletters encouraging leisure time physical activity. Content was based on goal setting theory and decisional balance.	Behavioral: Physical activity; Participants received two individually tailored phone calls and two condition specific newsletters encouraging goal setting and weighing the pros and cons for physical activity.
Experimental: Fruit and vegetable; Participants received individual tailored telephone counseling and group-tailored newsletters encouraging fruit and vegetable intake. Content was based on goal setting theory and decisional balance.	Behavioral: Fruit and vegetable; Participants received two individually tailored phone calls and two condition specific newsletters encouraging goal setting and weighing the pros and cons for fruit and vegetable consumption.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Leisure Time Physical Activity	Physical Activity was measured using an adaptation of the Godin Leisure-Time Exercise Questionnaire. Participants reported how many times during an average week they participated in mild (i.e., takes minimal effort), moderate (i.e., increases your heart and breathing rate a little), and strenuous activity (i.e., caused one's heart to beat rapidly) for at least 30 minutes at a time.	8-weeks

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Goal specificity and difficulty	Goal Specificity and Difficulty. Four items were created for each concept: (1) "The goals I set for number times I will [eat F&V or exercise] in a week are," (2) "the goals I set for the type of [F&V or exercise] I will [eat or do] in a week are," (3) "the goals I set for the [amount or duration] of [F&V or exercise] I get in a week are," and (4) "the goals I set for intensity of my exercise sessions within a week are."	8-weeks

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: University of Hawaii
• Collaborators: University of Hawaii Cancer Research Center
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: Raheem J Paxton, PhD, University of Hawaii Cancer Research Center

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start: August 1, 2006
• Primary Completion (Actual): March 1, 2007
• Study Completion (Actual): August 1, 2007

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: April 21, 2010
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: April 22, 2010
• First Posted (Estimate): April 26, 2010

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Estimate): April 26, 2010
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: April 22, 2010
• Last Verified: April 1, 2010

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: physical activity; Aging; diet; goal setting
• Other Study ID Numbers: CHS - 14544