- ICH GCP
- US Clinical Trials Registry
- Clinical Trial NCT02297815
Comparative Effectiveness of Antibiotics for Respiratory Infections (CEARI)
April 17, 2019 updated by: Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
Comparative Effectiveness of Broad vs. Narrow Spectrum Antibiotics for Acute Respiratory Tract Infections in Children
The purpose of this study is to identify and use patient centered outcomes to compare narrow-spectrum and broad-spectrum antibiotics for the treatment of common acute respiratory tract infections (ARTIs) in children.
Study Overview
Status
Completed
Intervention / Treatment
Detailed Description
Outpatient, ARTIs account for the vast majority of antibiotic exposure to children, and roughly half of these antibiotic prescriptions are inappropriate.
Although unnecessary antibiotic prescribing for viral infections has significantly decreased, there has been a substantial increase in prescribing of broad-spectrum antibiotics to treat ARTIs when narrow-spectrum antibiotics are indicated.
Primary care providers, patients, and caregivers would benefit from studies assessing the implications of alternate antibiotic regimens for these common infections.
Specifically, it remains unclear if treating common ARTIs with broad-spectrum antibiotics leads to an improvement in patient outcomes compared to treatment with narrow-spectrum antibiotics, particularly considering the increasing threat posed by antimicrobial resistance.
Because of the lack of large comparative effectiveness studies with patient-centered outcomes addressing this issue, professional guidelines and expert recommendations are conflicting, and, as a result, practice patterns vary considerably.
Therefore, using patient-centered outcomes, we aim to compare narrow-spectrum and broad-spectrum antibiotics for the treatment of common ARTIs in children.
To accomplish this, we will perform a prospective cohort study of children receiving antibiotics for ARTI across a comprehensive pediatric healthcare network.
We will conduct telephone interviews with parent's of children who receive antibiotic treatment for an ARTI.
We will assess previously identified patient-centered outcomes included a health-related quality of life measure, occurrence of side effects, missed school/daycare, parent missed commitments and/or required additional childcare and symptoms were still present on day 3 after diagnosis.
Study Type
Observational
Enrollment (Actual)
2472
Contacts and Locations
This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.
Study Locations
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Pennsylvania
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Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States, 19104
- The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
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Participation Criteria
Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.
Eligibility Criteria
Ages Eligible for Study
6 months to 12 years (CHILD)
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
No
Genders Eligible for Study
All
Sampling Method
Probability Sample
Study Population
Child diagnosed with an ARTI and prescribed antibiotics during an outpatient visit in the CHOP primary care network.
Description
Inclusion Criteria:
We included children between six months and 12 years old, diagnosed with an ARTI (acute otitis media, acute sinusitis, Group A streptococcal [GAS] pharyngitis) using International Classification of Diseases diagnosis codes and prescribed an antibiotic. For GAS pharyngitis, the child also had a positive rapid streptococcal test.
Exclusion Criteria:
- Diagnosed with multiple ARTIs
- Diagnosed with another non-ARTI bacterial infection
- Prescribe antibiotics in the past 30 days
- Non-English speaking families
- If GAS pharyngitis diagnosis, age < 3 years
Study Plan
This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.
How is the study designed?
Design Details
Cohorts and Interventions
Group / Cohort |
Intervention / Treatment |
---|---|
Broad-spectrum antibiotics
Children diagnosed with an acute respiratory tract infections (ARTI) and prescribed Broad-spectrum antibiotics.
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Amoxicillin-clavulanate, azithromycin, cefdinir, cefprozil, cefuroxime axetil, cefadroxil, cephalexin
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Narrow-spectrum
Children diagnosed with an acute respiratory tract infections (ARTI) and prescribed Narrow-spectrum antibiotics.
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Amoxicillin, Penicillin
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What is the study measuring?
Primary Outcome Measures
Outcome Measure |
Measure Description |
Time Frame |
---|---|---|
Health Related Quality of Life Score
Time Frame: 5-10 days after ARTI diagnosis
|
The health related quality of life score was obtained using the PedsQL(TM) (Mapi Research Trust, Lyon, France.
www.pedsql.org)
Parent-Proxy Report Generic Core Scales and Parent Report Infant Scales administered during the 5-10 day interview.
Briefly, the PedsQL(TM) is a 23-item questionnaire assessing developmentally appropriate metrics (questions vary by age group: 1-12 months, 13-24 months, 2-4 years, 5-7 years, 8-12 years) related to core dimensions of health and role functioning.
Our primary outcome was the Total Scale Score, which is a summary score of physical, emotional, social, and school functioning.
The score range is zero to 100 and higher scores indicate a better health-related quality of life.
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5-10 days after ARTI diagnosis
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Secondary Outcome Measures
Outcome Measure |
Measure Description |
Time Frame |
---|---|---|
Missed School or Daycare From Illness
Time Frame: 5-10 days after ARTI diagnosis
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Among children who attend school or daycare, child had to miss school or day care due to illness
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5-10 days after ARTI diagnosis
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Required Additional Childcare
Time Frame: 5-10 days after ARTI diagnosis
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Among children who attend school or daycare, parent or another caretaker had to miss work or an obligation due to child's illness OR additional childcare had to be sought for the child.
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5-10 days after ARTI diagnosis
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Experience Side Effects
Time Frame: 14-20 days after ARTI diagnosis
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Child experienced a side effect including: rash, diarrhea or upset stomach/vomiting
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14-20 days after ARTI diagnosis
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Symptoms Present on Day 3
Time Frame: 3 days after ARTI diagnosis
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During 5-10 day interview, parents were asked about symptoms related to child's illness (otitis media: fever, ear pain, decreased appetite; sinusitis: fever, face/head pain, decreased appetite; pharyngitis: throat pain, fever, decreased appetite).
Parent was asked if symptoms was present at diagnosis.
If yes, had the symptom resolved.
If yes, when.
We assessed whether symptoms present at day 3 after diagnosis.
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3 days after ARTI diagnosis
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Sleep Disturbance
Time Frame: Days 5-10 Interview
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The PedsQL questionnaire includes one or two questions, depending on age, about sleep.
For children <24 months, parents are asked the frequency (never, almost never, sometimes, often, almost always) their child has (1) "difficulty falling asleep" and (2) "difficulty sleeping through the night."
For children ≥2 years, parents are asked the frequency their child has "trouble sleeping."
We categorized children as either without sleep disturbance ("Never" for each sleep question) or with sleep disturbance.
Outcome measure shows the number of participants with sleep disturbance.
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Days 5-10 Interview
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Collaborators and Investigators
This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.
Study record dates
These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.
Study Major Dates
Study Start
January 1, 2014
Primary Completion (ACTUAL)
April 1, 2016
Study Completion (ACTUAL)
April 1, 2016
Study Registration Dates
First Submitted
November 17, 2014
First Submitted That Met QC Criteria
November 19, 2014
First Posted (ESTIMATE)
November 21, 2014
Study Record Updates
Last Update Posted (ACTUAL)
July 8, 2019
Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria
April 17, 2019
Last Verified
April 1, 2019
More Information
Terms related to this study
Additional Relevant MeSH Terms
- Respiratory Tract Infections
- Respiratory Tract Diseases
- Pharyngeal Diseases
- Stomatognathic Diseases
- Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases
- Ear Diseases
- Paranasal Sinus Diseases
- Nose Diseases
- Otitis
- Infections
- Sinusitis
- Otitis Media
- Pharyngitis
- Anti-Infective Agents
- Antitubercular Agents
- Anti-Bacterial Agents
- Antibiotics, Antitubercular
Other Study ID Numbers
- 13-010595
This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.
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