Study in Participants With Early-Stage or Locally Advanced Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (HER) 2-Positive Breast Cancer to Evaluate Treatment With Trastuzumab Plus (+) Pertuzumab + Docetaxel Compared With Trastuzumab + Placebo + Docetaxel (PEONY)

A Randomized, Multicenter, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Phase III Study to Evaluate Pertuzumab in Combination With Docetaxel and Trastuzumab as Neoadjuvant Therapy, and Pertuzumab in Combination With Trastuzumab as Adjuvant Therapy After Surgery and Chemotherapy in Patients With Early-Stage or Locally Advanced HER2-Positive Breast Cancer

This is an Asia-Pacific regional, randomized, double-blind, multicenter trial designed to evaluate treatment with trastuzumab + pertuzumab + docetaxel compared with trastuzumab + placebo + docetaxel in chemotherapy-naïve participants with early-stage or locally advanced HER2-positive breast cancer. The anticipated treatment duration is approximately 17 months.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Breast Cancer
• Intervention / Treatment: Drug: FEC Chemotherapy; Procedure: Surgery; Drug: Docetaxel; Drug: Pertuzumab; Drug: Trastuzumab; Drug: Placebo

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 329
• Phase: Phase 3

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• China
  • Beijing, China, 100071
    • The Affiliated Hospital of Military Medical Sciences(The 307th Hospital of Chinese PLA)
  • Changchun, China, 130021
    • The First Hospital of Jilin University
  • Changchun, China, 132013
    • Jilin cancer hospital
  • Fuzhou City, China, 350001
    • Fujian Medical University Union Hospital
  • Guangzhou, China, 510080
    • Guangdong General Hospital
  • Guangzhou City, China, 510663
    • Sun Yet-sen University Cancer Center
  • Harbin, China, 150081
    • Harbin medical university cancer hospital
  • Jinan, China, 250117
    • Shandong Cancer Hospital
  • Nanjing, China, 210008
    • Jiangsu Province Hospital
  • Shanghai, China, 200025
    • Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTUSM) - Ruijin Hospital (GuangCi Hospital)
  • Shanghai City, China, 200120
    • Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center
  • Zhejiang, China, 310022
    • Zhejiang Cancer Hospital
  • Zhengzhou, China, 450008
    • Henan Cancer Hospital
• Korea, Republic of
  • Daegu, Korea, Republic of, 41404
    • Kyungpook National University Medical Center
  • Gyeonggi-do, Korea, Republic of, 16499
    • Ajou University Medical Center
  • Seoul, Korea, Republic of, 08308
    • Korea University Guro Hospital
• Taiwan
  • New Taipei City, Taiwan, 23561
    • Taipei Medical University ?Shuang Ho Hospital
  • Taichung, Taiwan, 404
    • China Medical University Hospital; Surgery
  • Taipei, Taiwan, 110
    • Taipei Medical University Hospital
  • Taipei, Taiwan, 104
    • Mackay Memorial Hospital; Dept of Surgery
• Thailand
  • Bangkok, Thailand, 10220
    • Bhumibol Adulyadej Hospital; Medicine
  • Khon Kaen, Thailand, 40002
    • Srinagarind Hospital, Khon Kaen University; Surgery
  • Songkla, Thailand, 90110
    • Songklanagarind Hospital; Department of Surgery

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 16 years and older (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Histologically confirmed invasive breast carcinoma with a primary tumor size of more than (>) 2 centimeters (cm) by standard local assessment technique
• Breast cancer stage at presentation: early-stage (T2-3, N0-1, M0) or locally advanced (T2-3, N2 or N3, M0; T4, any N, M0)
• HER2-positive breast cancer confirmed by a Sponsor-designated central laboratory and defined as 3+ score by immunohistochemistry in > 10 percent (%) of immunoreactive cells or HER2 gene amplification (ratio of HER2 gene signals to centromere 17 signals equal to or more than [>=] 2.0) by in situ hybridization
• Known hormone receptor status (estrogen receptor and/or progesterone receptor)
• Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Performance Status equal to or less than (<=) 1
• Baseline left ventricular ejection fracture >= 55% measured by echocardiography (preferred) or multiple gated acquisition scan
• Negative serum pregnancy test

Exclusion Criteria:

• Stage IV metastatic breast cancer
• Inflammatory breast cancer
• Previous anti-cancer therapy or radiotherapy for any malignancy
• History of other malignancy within 5 years prior to screening, except for appropriately-treated carcinoma in situ of the cervix, non-melanoma skin carcinoma, or Stage I uterine cancer
• Concurrent anti-cancer treatment in another investigational trial, including hormone therapy, bisphosphonate therapy, or immunotherapy
• Major surgical procedure unrelated to breast cancer within 4 weeks prior to randomization or from which the participant has not fully recovered
• Serious cardiac illness or medical condition
• Other concurrent serious diseases that may interfere with planned treatment, including severe pulmonary conditions/illness
• Any abnormalities in liver, kidney or hematologic function laboratory tests immediately prior to randomization
• Sensitivity to any of the study medications, any of the ingredients or excipients of these medications, or benzyl alcohol
• Pregnant or lactating

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: Triple

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Trastuzumab, Pertuzumab, and Chemotherapy; Prior to surgery: trastuzumab, pertuzumab, and docetaxel for 4 cycles (1 cycle = 21 days). After surgery/chemotherapy with 5-fluorouracil, epirubicin, and cyclophosphamide (FEC): trastuzumab and pertuzumab up to 1 year total.	Drug: FEC Chemotherapy; Fluorouracil 500-600 milligrams per square meter (mg/m2), epirubicin 90-120 mg/m2, and cyclophosphamide 500-600 mg/m2 by intravenous (IV) infusion every 3 weeks for three cycles (Cycles 5-7). FEC chemotherapeutic agents will be administered following surgery on Day 1 of each specified cycle.; Procedure: Surgery; All participants who are eligible for surgery will undergo surgery and have their pathologic response evaluated.; Drug: Docetaxel; Docetaxel IV infusion in 3-week cycles. Neoadjuvant treatment: 75 mg/m2 for Cycles 1-4.; Drug: Pertuzumab; Pertuzumab IV infusion in 3-week cycles. Prior to surgery (neoadjuvant treatment): 840 milligrams (mg) loading dose for Cycle 1, followed by 420 mg for Cycles 2-4. After surgery and 3 cycles of FEC chemotherapy (adjuvant treatment): 840 mg loading dose for Cycle 8, followed by 420 mg for Cycles 9-20); Other Names: RO4368451; Drug: Trastuzumab; Trastuzumab IV infusion in 3-week cycles. Neoadjuvant treatment: 8 milligrams per kilogram (mg/kg) loading dose for Cycle 1, followed by 6 mg/kg for Cycles 2-4. Adjuvant treatment: 8 mg/kg loading dose for Cycle 8, followed by 6 mg/kg for Cycles 9-20.; Other Names: RO0452317
Experimental: Trastuzumab, Placebo, and Chemotherapy; Prior to surgery: trastuzumab, placebo, and docetaxel for 4 cycles (1 cycle = 21 days). After surgery/FEC chemotherapy: trastuzumab and placebo up to 1 year total.	Drug: FEC Chemotherapy; Fluorouracil 500-600 milligrams per square meter (mg/m2), epirubicin 90-120 mg/m2, and cyclophosphamide 500-600 mg/m2 by intravenous (IV) infusion every 3 weeks for three cycles (Cycles 5-7). FEC chemotherapeutic agents will be administered following surgery on Day 1 of each specified cycle.; Procedure: Surgery; All participants who are eligible for surgery will undergo surgery and have their pathologic response evaluated.; Drug: Docetaxel; Docetaxel IV infusion in 3-week cycles. Neoadjuvant treatment: 75 mg/m2 for Cycles 1-4.; Drug: Trastuzumab; Trastuzumab IV infusion in 3-week cycles. Neoadjuvant treatment: 8 milligrams per kilogram (mg/kg) loading dose for Cycle 1, followed by 6 mg/kg for Cycles 2-4. Adjuvant treatment: 8 mg/kg loading dose for Cycle 8, followed by 6 mg/kg for Cycles 9-20.; Other Names: RO0452317; Drug: Placebo; Placebo by IV infusion in 3-week cycles as neoadjuvant treatment (Cycles 1-4)and as adjuvant treatment (Cycles 8-20)

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Percentage of Participants With Total Pathologic Complete Response (tpCR) as Assessed by the Independent Review Committee (IRC)	This tpCR was assessed by the IRC. tpCR was defined as the absence of any residual invasive cancer on hematoxylin and eosin evaluation of the resected breast specimen and all sampled ipsilateral lymph nodes after completion of neoadjuvant therapy and surgery (that is, ypT0/is, ypN0, in accordance with the current American Joint Committee on Cancer [AJCC] staging system). The analysis was based on the ITT population with participants grouped by the treatment assigned at the time of randomization. Participants whose tpCR assessment was missing or invalid were counted as not achieving tpCR. The duration of one treatment cycle was 21 days; the administration of therapy in Cycle 5 did not occur until 2 weeks after surgery. The percentages have been rounded off to first decimal point.	At surgery (Cycle 4 Days 22-35)

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Percentage of Participants With tpCR as Assessed by the Local Pathologist	This tpCR was assessed by the local pathologist. tpCR was defined as the absence of any residual invasive cancer on hematoxylin and eosin evaluation of the resected breast specimen and all sampled ipsilateral lymph nodes after completion of neoadjuvant therapy and surgery (that is, ypT0/is, ypN0, in accordance with the current AJCC staging system). The analysis was based on the ITT population with participants grouped by the treatment assigned at the time of randomization. Participants whose tpCR assessment was missing or invalid were counted as not achieving tpCR. The duration of one treatment cycle was 21 days; the administration of therapy in Cycle 5 did not occur until 2 weeks after surgery. The percentages have been rounded off to first decimal point.	At surgery (Cycle 4 Days 22-35)
Percentage of Participants With Breast Pathologic Complete Response (bpCR), Defined as ypT0/is According to the AJCC Staging System as Assessed by the IRC	This bpCR was assessed by the IRC. bpCR was defined as the absence of any residual invasive cancer on the hematoxylin and eosin evaluation of the resected breast specimen after completion of neoadjuvant therapy and surgery (that is, ypT0/is, in accordance with current AJCC staging system). The analysis was based on the ITT population with participants grouped by the treatment assigned at the time of randomization. Participants whose bpCR assessment was missing or invalid were counted as not achieving bpCR. The duration of one treatment cycle was 21 days; the administration of therapy in Cycle 5 did not occur until 2 weeks after surgery. The percentages have been rounded off to first decimal point.	At surgery (Cycle 4 Days 22-35)
Percentage of Participants With bpCR as Assessed by the Local Pathologist	This bpCR was assessed by the local pathologist. bpCR was defined as the absence of any residual invasive cancer on the hematoxylin and eosin evaluation of the resected breast specimen after completion of neoadjuvant therapy and surgery (that is, ypT0/is in accordance with current AJCC staging system). The analysis was based on the ITT population with participants grouped by the treatment assigned at the time of randomization. Participants whose bpCR assessment was missing or invalid were counted as not achieving bpCR. The duration of one treatment cycle was 21 days; the administration of therapy in Cycle 5 did not occur until 2 weeks after surgery. The percentages have been rounded off to first decimal point.	At surgery (Cycle 4 Days 22-35)
Percentage of Participants With Complete Response (CR), Partial Response (PR), Stable Disease (SD), or Progressive Disease (PD) During Cycles 1-4, According to Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) Version 1.1	Clinical responses that include percentage of participants with a CR, PR, SD, or PD were determined by investigator during Cycles 1-4 (prior to surgery) on basis of RECIST version 1.1. CR=disappearance of all target lesions i.e., any pathological lymph nodes (whether target or non-target) must have reduction in short axis to <10 millimeters (mm). PR=at least a 30% decrease in the sum of diameters of target lesions, taking as reference the baseline sum of diameters. SD=neither sufficient shrinkage to qualify for PR nor sufficient increase to qualify for PD, taking as reference the smallest sum during the study. PD=at least a 20% increase in the sum of diameters of target lesions, taking as reference the smallest sum during the study (nadir) with inclusion of baseline. Only participants with measurable disease at baseline were included in the analysis. 1 Cycle=21 days. The percentages have been rounded off to first decimal point.	At surgery (Cycle 4 Days 22-35)
Percentage of Participants With an Objective Response (CR or PR) During Cycles 1-4, According to RECIST Version 1.1	An objective response was defined as the percentage of participants who achieved a CR or PR as the best tumor response during the neoadjuvant period (that is, during Cycles 1-4 prior to surgery), as determined by the investigator on the basis of RECIST version 1.1. CR=disappearance of all target lesions i.e., any pathological lymph nodes (whether target or non-target) must have reduction in short axis to <10 mm. PR=at least a 30% decrease in the sum of diameters of target lesions, taking as reference the baseline sum of diameters. No confirmation was required for objective response. Only participants with measurable disease at baseline were included in the analysis. The duration of one treatment cycle was 21 days; the administration of therapy in Cycle 5 did not occur until 2 weeks after surgery. The percentages have been rounded off to first decimal point.	At surgery (Cycle 4 Days 22-35)
Kaplan-Meier Estimate of the Percentage of Participants Event-Free for Event-Free Survival (EFS) at 1, 3, and 5 Years	Kaplan-Meier approach was used to estimate percentage of participants who were event-free for EFS at 1, 3 & 5 years. EFS=time from randomization to first documentation of one of the following events: PD (before surgery) as determined by investigator with RECIST v1.1. PD=at least a 20% increase in sum of diameters of target lesions, taking as reference smallest sum during the study (nadir) with inclusion of baseline. Any evidence of contralateral disease in situ was not identified as PD; Disease recurrence (local, regional, distant, or contralateral) after surgery; Death from any cause. After treatment completion/discontinuation, follow-up data was collected every 3 months for 1 year & then every 6 months thereafter, until disease progression/recurrence or until 5 years after randomization of last participant, whichever occurred first. Participants without an EFS event at time of analysis were censored as of the date they were last known to be alive & event-free.	From Baseline to EFS event or date last known to be alive and event-free at 1, 3, and 5 years
Kaplan-Meier Estimate of the Percentage of Participants Event-Free for Disease-Free Survival (DFS) at 1, 3, and 5 Years	Kaplan-Meier approach was used to estimate the percentage of participants who were event-free for DFS at 1, 3 and 5 years. DFS = time from first date of no disease (i.e., date of surgery) to first documentation of one of the following events: Disease recurrence (local, regional, distant, or contralateral) after surgery or death from any cause. After treatment completion/discontinuation, follow-up data was collected every 3 months for 1 year and then every 6 months thereafter, until disease progression or recurrence or until 5 years after randomization of the last participant, whichever occurred first. Participants were considered to be disease-free if they underwent surgery and no recurrence of disease was reported thereafter. Data from participants who did not have an event at analysis were censored as of the date they were last known to be alive and event-free.	From surgery (Cycle 4: Days 22-35) to DFS event or date last known to be alive and event-free at 1, 3, and 5 years
Kaplan-Meier Estimate of the Percentage of Participants Event-Free for Overall Survival (OS) at 1, 3, and 5 Years	Kaplan-Meier approach was used to estimate the percentage of participants who were event-free for OS at 1, 3 and 5 years. OS was defined as the time from randomization to death from any cause. After treatment completion/discontinuation, follow-up data was collected every 3 months for 1 year and then every 6 months thereafter, until disease progression or recurrence or until 5 years after randomization of the last participant, whichever occurred first. Data from participants who were alive at the time of the analysis was censored as of the last date they were known to be alive.	From Baseline to OS event or date last known to be alive at 1, 3, and 5 years
Percentage of Participants With at Least One Adverse Event (AE) During the Neoadjuvant Treatment Period	The percentage of participants who experienced at least one AE during the neoadjuvant period is reported here. An AE is any untoward medical occurrence in a clinical investigation participant who is administered a pharmaceutical product regardless of the causal attribution. An adverse event was therefore any unfavourable and unintended sign (including an abnormal laboratory finding, for example), symptom, or disease temporally associated with the use of a pharmaceutical product, whether or not considered related to the pharmaceutical product. Pre-existing conditions which worsened during the study were also considered as adverse events. The neoadjuvant treatment period began after randomization upon receiving the first dose of any of the neoadjuvant study medications and ended before receiving the first dose of adjuvant study treatment. The duration of one treatment cycle is 21 days. The percentages have been rounded off to first decimal point.	Baseline up to end of Cycle 4 (1 cycle = 21 days)
Percentage of Participants With at Least One AE During the Adjuvant Treatment Period	Percentage of participants who experienced at least one adverse event during the adjuvant period is reported here. An AE is any untoward medical occurrence in a clinical investigation participant who is administered a pharmaceutical product regardless of the causal attribution. An adverse event was therefore any unfavorable and unintended sign (including an abnormal laboratory finding, for example), symptom, or disease temporally associated with the use of a pharmaceutical product, whether or not considered related to the pharmaceutical product. Pre-existing conditions which worsened during the study were also considered as adverse events. Adjuvant treatment period began after primary surgery, upon receiving the first dose of any of the adjuvant study medications. It ended 42 days after last dose of adjuvant study treatment upon treatment completion or discontinuation. 1 Cycle=21 days. The percentages have been rounded off to first decimal point.	From Cycle 5 (1 cycle = 21 days) up to 42 days after the last dose in Cycle 20 Day 1 (approximately 1 year)
Percentage of Participants With at Least One Adverse Event During the Treatment-Free Follow-Up Period	The percentage of participants who experienced at least one adverse event during the treatment-free follow-up period is reported here. An AE is any untoward medical occurrence in a clinical investigation participant who is administered a pharmaceutical product regardless of the causal attribution. An adverse event was therefore any unfavourable and unintended sign (including an abnormal laboratory finding, for example), symptom, or disease temporally associated with the use of a pharmaceutical product, whether or not considered related to the pharmaceutical product. The percentages have been rounded off to first decimal point.	From end of overall study treatment until disease progression or until 5 years after randomization of the last patient, whichever occurred first (up to 6 years)
Percentage of Participants Who Experienced a Primary Cardiac Event	A primary cardiac event is defined as heart failure (New York Heart Association [NYHA] Class III or NYHA Class IV) and a drop in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) of at least 10 ejection fraction points from baseline and to below 50%.	From Baseline until end of study (up to 6 years)
Percentage of Participants Who Experienced a Secondary Cardiac Event	A secondary cardiac event is defined as an asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic (NYHA Class II) drop in LVEF by multiple-gated acquisition (MUGA) scan or echocardiogram confirmed by a second LVEF assessment within approximately 3 weeks showing also a documented drop. A significant LVEF drop is defined as an absolute decrease of at least 10 points below the baseline measurement and to below 50%.	From Baseline until end of study (up to 6 years)
Maximum Change From Baseline in LVEF	LVEF is the measurement of how much blood is being pumped out of the left ventricle of the heart (the main pumping chamber) with each contraction. A normal LVEF ranges from 55% to 70%, as measured by echocardiogram (preferred) or MUGA scan. The same method was used throughout the study for each participant and preferably performed and evaluated by the same assessor. Here, we report the maximum change from baseline in LVEF at any point during the study.	Baseline; Day 1 of Cycles 2, 4, 5, 8, 11, and 20 (1 cycle = 21 days)
Change From Baseline in LVEF Over Time	LVEF is the measurement of how much blood is being pumped out of the left ventricle of the heart (the main pumping chamber) with each contraction. A normal LVEF ranges from 55% to 70%, as measured by echocardiogram (preferred) or MUGA scan. The same method was used throughout the study for each participant and preferably performed and evaluated by the same assessor. Here, we report the change from baseline in LVEF over time.	Baseline; Day 1 of Cycles 2, 4, 5, 8, 11, and 20 (1 cycle = 21 days)

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Hoffmann-La Roche
• Investigators: Study Director: Clinical Trials, Hoffmann-La Roche

Publications and helpful links

General Publications

• Shao Z, Pang D, Yang H, Li W, Wang S, Cui S, Liao N, Wang Y, Wang C, Chang YC, Wang H, Kang SY, Seo JH, Shen K, Laohawiriyakamol S, Jiang Z, Li J, Zhou J, Althaus B, Mao Y, Eng-Wong J. Efficacy, Safety, and Tolerability of Pertuzumab, Trastuzumab, and Docetaxel for Patients With Early or Locally Advanced ERBB2-Positive Breast Cancer in Asia: The PEONY Phase 3 Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Oncol. 2020 Mar 1;6(3):e193692. doi: 10.1001/jamaoncol.2019.3692. Epub 2020 Mar 12.

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): March 14, 2016
• Primary Completion (Actual): October 23, 2017
• Study Completion (Actual): March 14, 2022

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: October 23, 2015
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: October 23, 2015
• First Posted (Estimate): October 26, 2015

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): May 22, 2023
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: April 26, 2023
• Last Verified: April 1, 2023

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Skin Diseases; Neoplasms; Neoplasms by Site; Breast Diseases; Breast Neoplasms; Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action; Antineoplastic Agents; Tubulin Modulators; Antimitotic Agents; Mitosis Modulators; Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological; Docetaxel; Trastuzumab; Pertuzumab
• Other Study ID Numbers: YO28762

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: Yes
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No
• product manufactured in and exported from the U.S.: Yes