the Analgesic Duration of Dexmedetomidine Compared to Dexamethasone as Adjuncts to Single Shot Interscalene Block

July 8, 2020 updated by: Amaresh Vydynathan, Montefiore Medical Center

Double Blinded Randomized Controlled Study Evaluating the Analgesic Duration of Dexmedetomidine Compared to Dexamethasone as Adjuncts to Single Shot Interscalene Block in Patients Undergoing Ambulatory Shoulder Surgery

The purpose of the study is to determine if perineural dexmedetomidine can provide increased prolongation of analgesia when compared to perineural dexamethasone in patients receiving regional block for shoulder surgery. If so, dexmedetomidine may serve as a superior adjunct to peripheral nerve blocks in a rapidly evolving, ambulatory-centered surgical setting.

Study Overview

Status

Completed

Conditions

Intervention / Treatment

Detailed Description

Currently, the most commonly employed adjunct to peripheral nerve blockade is perineural dexamethasone. In general, at the doses used in regional anesthesia, dexamethasone has a minimal side effect profile. However, while it has been shown to increase duration of analgesia, there have been concerns regarding its neurotoxicity in animal studies. In addition, dexamethasone has the potential to cause hyperglycemia in patients with impaired glucose metabolism as well as perineal pain and pruritis when administered peripherally.

Dexmedetomidine is a highly selective alpha-2 agonist that is commonly used in patients undergoing anesthesia or requiring sedation in a non-operative setting. As a peripherally administered medication, it has both sedating and analgesic properties, as well as the added benefit of avoidance of respiratory depression. Although it can rarely produce cardiac depression at high doses, its side effect profile is otherwise minimal and is generally very well tolerated by most patients. When administered peripherally, dexmedetomidine has most commonly been associated with side effects such as hypotension, respiratory depression, and bradycardia - although all at significantly higher doses than planned in our study. The safe use of perineural dexmedetomidine together with local anesthetics has been described on numerous occasions. Nevertheless, although it has been shown to potentiate peripheral nerve blockade and prolong duration of analgesia in various studies , it remains rarely used as an adjunct to regional anesthesia.

Study Type

Interventional

Enrollment (Actual)

105

Phase

  • Phase 4

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • United States
    • New York
      • Bronx, New York, United States, 10467
        • Montefiore Medical Center

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

18 years to 60 years (Adult)

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Genders Eligible for Study

All

Description

Inclusion Criteria :

  • ASA 1 and 2
  • 18-60 years old
  • Patients scheduled for ambulatory arthroscopic or open surgery

Exclusion Criteria:

  • ASA 3 and 4
  • Pre-existing pain disorder
  • Regular consumption of chronic pain medication
  • Anatomical abnormalities of upper extremity
  • Known allergy or hypersensitivity to Ropivacaine or other amide local anesthetics
  • Known allergy to dexmedetomidine
  • Coagulopathy
  • Uncontrolled Diabetes

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Treatment
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: Double

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm
Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: dexmedetomidine and ropivacaine group
In this group, participants will undergo pre-operative single shot interscalene nerve block under ultrasound guidance and peripheral nerve stimulation with Ropivacaine 0.5% 20ml + 75mcg of dexmedetomidine
Drug: Ropivacaine
local anesthetics adjuvants. Ropivacaine 0.5% 20ml. pre-operative single shot interscalene nerve block under ultrasound guidance and peripheral nerve stimulation in patients undergoing ambulatory shoulder surgery
Other Names:
  • anesthetics
Drug: Dexmedetomidine
local anesthetics adjuvants. 75mcg of dexmedetomidine. pre-operative single shot interscalene nerve block under ultrasound guidance and peripheral nerve stimulation in patients undergoing ambulatory shoulder surgery
Other Names:
  • anesthetics
Experimental: dexamethasone and ropivacaine group
In this group, participants will undergo pre-operative single shot interscalene nerve block under ultrasound guidance and peripheral nerve stimulation with. Ropivacaine 0.5% 20ml + 4mg dexamethasone
Drug: Ropivacaine
local anesthetics adjuvants. Ropivacaine 0.5% 20ml. pre-operative single shot interscalene nerve block under ultrasound guidance and peripheral nerve stimulation in patients undergoing ambulatory shoulder surgery
Other Names:
  • anesthetics
Drug: Dexamethasone
local anesthetics adjuvants. 4mg dexamethasone. pre-operative single shot interscalene nerve block under ultrasound guidance and peripheral nerve stimulation in patients undergoing ambulatory shoulder surgery
Other Names:
  • anesthetics
Active Comparator: ropivacaine only group
In this group, participants will undergo pre-operative single shot interscalene nerve block under ultrasound guidance and peripheral nerve stimulation with Ropivacaine 0.5% 20ml (acting as control)
Drug: Ropivacaine
local anesthetics adjuvants. Ropivacaine 0.5% 20ml. pre-operative single shot interscalene nerve block under ultrasound guidance and peripheral nerve stimulation in patients undergoing ambulatory shoulder surgery
Other Names:
  • anesthetics

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Opioid Requirements (Morphine Equivalents)
Time Frame: 24 hours
How much opioid did patient ask for within 24 hours post op
24 hours

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Opioid Requirements (Morphine Equivalents)
Time Frame: 48 hours
How much opioid did patient ask for within 48 hours post op
48 hours
Time to Discharge From PACU to First Opioid Consumption
Time Frame: 24-48 hours after surgery
How long after surgery does patient take to ask for opioid to manage pain
24-48 hours after surgery
Return of Motor and Sensory Function
Time Frame: 24-48 hours after surgery
Between 24 to 48 hours after surgery, questionnaire will be used to determine if motor and sensory function have returned.
24-48 hours after surgery

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Montefiore Medical Center

Investigators

  • Principal Investigator: Amaresh Vydyanathan, MD, Montefiore Medical Center

Publications and helpful links

The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.

General Publications

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

March 1, 2016

Primary Completion (Actual)

November 1, 2018

Study Completion (Actual)

November 27, 2018

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

January 8, 2016

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

January 8, 2016

First Posted (Estimate)

January 12, 2016

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

July 22, 2020

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

July 8, 2020

Last Verified

July 1, 2020

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

  • 2015-5628

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

NO

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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