- ICH GCP
- US Clinical Trials Registry
- Clinical Trial NCT03808675
Aerobic Exercise in Parkinson's Disease (LTAE-PD)
Long Term Aerobic Exercise to Slow Progression in Parkinson's Disease
Study Overview
Status
Conditions
Intervention / Treatment
Detailed Description
Parkinson's disease (PD) culminates in dementia, immobility, and death at a huge societal cost. Even early in the course, motor and cognitive dysfunction impairs instrumental activities of daily living (IADL). Non-motor symptoms due to fatigue, mood, sleep, and autonomic disorders further reduce quality of life (QoL). DTI shows progressive decline in brain tissue integrity. Usual care of PD centers on medical and surgical treatments relieve motor symptoms, but these cause side effects and lose efficacy over time. Usual treatment for non motor manifestations with pharmaceuticals (e.g., antidepressants) is symptomatic and not specific for PD. Acetylcholine esterase inhibitors exert modest symptomatic benefits on dementia, but there is no approved treatment for mild cognitive impairment. Physical Therapy is usually prescribed in later stages when mobility impairment ensues. There is no approved standard exercise regimen for PD. There is no cure or disease modifying treatment. Thus, there is a critical need for treatments that provide broad spectrum of benefits and slow PD.
Preliminary research suggests that aerobic exercise has potential to meet this need. However, aerobic exercise is demanding and carries some risks. It is unknown if aerobic exercise is more beneficial than usual care in PD in long term due to gaps in the investigators knowledge about the effects of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) on brain tissue integrity, motor function, cognition, IADL, QoL, and disease progression. Limitations of current studies include short duration, small sample size, lack or inadequacy of controls, lack of outcome measures for cognition and IADL, and lack of biological markers to measure progression. The objective in this application is to fill the translational gap by determining the biological, clinical, and functional effects of long term aerobic exercise (LTAE) in PD.
The overall hypothesis is that LTAE improves brain tissue integrity and slows down PD. The FIRST AIM is to determine the effects of LTAE on clinical features and functional abilities in PD. The investigators' prior 6-month, uncontrolled trial showed preliminary evidence that aerobic exercise improves aspects of motor function, cognition, and QoL in PD, but long term outcomes and implication for functional abilities are unknown. The investigators hypothesize that LTAE will provide sustained improvement in motor function, cognition, and non-motor symptoms with translation of benefits to QoL and IADL. The investigators will test this with a one-year randomized controlled trial (RCT) that compares the effects of moderate aerobic exercise vs usual care. The investigators will use driving as the outcome for IADL. Driving represents an important symbol for independence, and depends on integrity of cognitive and motor systems. The SECOND AIM is to determine the mechanism of LTAE effects in PD. CRF reflects complex improvements in vascular, cardiac, and metabolic health from aerobic exercise. There is preliminary evidence that higher CRF is associated with better brain health and motor/cognitive function, and that aerobic exercise improves these outcomes. For example, the investigators' preliminary study showed improvement of microtissue integrity in the striatum and white matter on DTI, but it is unclear how these changes counteract PD progression over long term. The hypotheses are: 1) LTAE will improve brain tissue integrity as indexed by DTI, 2) LTAE effects on motor and cognitive function are mediated by changes in brain tissue integrity on DTI, and 3) physiological processes leading to improved CRF from AE are critical to the benefits on the brain tissue integrity and motor/cognitive function. The investigators will test these hypotheses determining the effects of LTAE on CRF and DTI, and the association between individual differences in training related changes in motor and cognitive function, DTI, and CRF.
In summary, the investigators' proposal leverages the diverse interdisciplinary team, strong preliminary data and past work, and unique infrastructure to determine if LTAE slows down neurodegeneration and clinical disability in PD.
Study Type
Enrollment (Actual)
Phase
- Phase 2
- Phase 3
Contacts and Locations
Study Contact
- Name: Ergun Y Uc, MD
- Phone Number: (319) 356-4757
- Email: ergun-uc@uiowa.edu
Study Contact Backup
- Name: Christina M Weber, BA
- Phone Number: (608) 790-7557
- Email: christina-weber@uiowa.edu
Study Locations
-
-
Iowa
-
Iowa City, Iowa, United States, 52242
- University of Iowa Hospitals & Clinics
-
Iowa City, Iowa, United States, 52246-2292
- Iowa City VA Health Care System, Iowa City, IA
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-
Participation Criteria
Eligibility Criteria
Ages Eligible for Study
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Description
Inclusion Criteria:
- Men or women aged 40 and older with the diagnosis of idiopathic PD per UK Brain Bank criteria
- Hoehn-Yahr Stage I-III, on stable dopaminergic treatment regimen for equal or greater than 4 weeks prior to baseline.
- Aerobic Fitness: VO2max below "very good" fitness levels for their age and gender at baseline cyle ergometry.
To include subjects who have room to improve their aerobic fitness, the investigators will enroll only those subjects whose VO2max is below "very good" fitness level (about 90% of the population) using age and gender based VO2max norms based review of 62 studies where VO2max was measured directly in healthy adult subjects in the USA, Canada and 7 European countries (Reference: Shvartz, E and Reibold, RC. Aerobic fitness norms for males and females aged 6 to 75 years: a review.
Aviat Space Environ Med. 1990; 61:3-11).
- Cognitive function: No dementia per Movement Disorder Society Level I criteria (Reference: Dubois, B, Burn, D, Goetz, C, et al. Diagnostic procedures for Parkinson's disease dementia: recommendations from the movement disorder society task force. Mov Disord. 2007; 22:2314-2324).
- Current active drivers with a valid driver's license
- Veteran or non-veteran
Exclusion Criteria:
- Subjects unwilling or unable to give informed consent
- Secondary parkinsonism (e.g., drug induced)
- Parkinson-plus syndromes
- History of brain surgery for PD such as deep brain stimulation
- Corrected visual acuity less than 20/50 (due to effect on driving)
- Contraindications to exercise per ACSM criteria for Exercise Testing and Training (Reference: American College of Sports Medicine. Cardiorespiratory Exercise Prescription. In: Ehrman JK, ed. ACSM's Guidelines for Exercise Testing and Prescription.6th ed. Baltimore: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2010:448-462).
- No confounding acute or unstable medical, psychiatric, orthopedic condition. Subjects who have hypertension, diabetes mellitus, depression, or other common age related illness will be included if their disease under control with stable treatment regimen for at least 30 days.
- Clinically significant TBI or PTSD
- Presence of other known medical or psychiatric comorbidity that in the investigator's opinion would compromise participation in the study
- Presence of dementia per Movement Disorder Society Level I criteria
- Subjects with clinically significant depression as determined by a Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) score greater than 15 at the screening visit
- History of exposure to typical or atypical antipsychotics or other dopamine blocking agents within 6 months prior to the baseline visit
- Use of investigational drugs within 30 days before screening
- Subjects have to be on a stable regimen of central nervous system acting medications (benzodiazepines, antidepressants, hypnotics) for 30 days prior to the baseline visit
- Contraindication to having a brain MRI
Study Plan
How is the study designed?
Design Details
- Primary Purpose: Treatment
- Allocation: Randomized
- Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
- Masking: Single
Arms and Interventions
Participant Group / Arm |
Intervention / Treatment |
---|---|
Experimental: Aerobic
Participants randomized to aerobic exercise
|
The investigators will use self-administered continuous walking exercise at a moderate intensity level, defined as 40-59% of heart rate reserve or 64-77% of heart rate at gas exchange threshold (HRGET) by ACSM as in the investigators' preliminary study (PMID: 24991037 PMCID: PMC4132568).
The HRGET will be determined as the heart rate at VO2max during graded cycle ergometry.
The total duration of the exercises will be 150 min/week per 2008 Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans and American Heart Association recommendations, conducted in three 50 min sessions.
The aerobic walking intervention will take place outdoors (e.g., trails, sidewalks, parks) or indoors (e.g., track in a local gym or a mall) depending on the preferences of the subject and weather.
Session duration will be 20 min the first week and will be advanced by 5 min per week over 6 weeks.
|
Other: Control
Participants randomized to usual care with PD specific health education
|
In this study, patients will receive their usual medical treatment for motor and non-motor symptoms from their primary neurologist. The investigators will use a streamlined form of PD specific health education prepared by the VA: My Parkinson's Story, which consists of a series of short videos prepared by the VA PADRECCs addressing various aspects of PD. These 6-12 minutes long videos are freely available on YouTube. The investigators can also provide them on a CD if subjects desire. They start with a patient testimony about the topic of the episode, followed by comments of experts in the field. The title of the episodes are: Early Parkinson's, Medications, Exercise, Memory, Visual Disturbances, Depression, Sleep, Speech and Swallowing, Impulsive Behaviors, Driving, Pain, Dyskinesias, Deep Brain Stimulation, Advanced Parkinson's Disease, Falls, The Caregiver, Hospitalization, Genetics, Environmental Exposure, Atypical Parkinsonism |
What is the study measuring?
Primary Outcome Measures
Outcome Measure |
Measure Description |
Time Frame |
---|---|---|
OFF period MDS-UPDRS Motor Subscale score
Time Frame: Change from Baseline OFF period MDS-UPDRS Motor Subscale score at 1 year
|
Motor function.
MDS-UPDRS motor examination subscale (Part III) score in the "practically defined OFF state", i.e., after overnight (~12 hours) withdrawal of PD medications.
Higher scores worse.
Range: 0-132.
|
Change from Baseline OFF period MDS-UPDRS Motor Subscale score at 1 year
|
Percent Increase Score (PIS) on Eriksen's flanker task
Time Frame: Change from Baseline Percent Increase Score (PIS) on Eriksen's flanker task at 1 year
|
Cognitive function.
Due to its sensitivity to changes in aerobic fitness (including in the investigators' preliminary study), the investigators chose change in Percent Increase Score (PIS) on Eriksen's flanker task, which measures the cost of conflict resolution between the incongruent and congruent stimuli.
Higher scores worse.
|
Change from Baseline Percent Increase Score (PIS) on Eriksen's flanker task at 1 year
|
total number of driving safety errors on road test
Time Frame: Change from Baseline total number of driving safety errors on road test at 1 year
|
Driving.
The video of a standardized experimental drive in an instrumented vehicle will be scored for safety errors by a certified driving instructor.
Higher scores worse.
|
Change from Baseline total number of driving safety errors on road test at 1 year
|
regional DTI (diffusion tensor imaging)
Time Frame: Change from Baseline regional DTI at 1 year
|
Brain tissue integrity.
The investigators will analyze differences in regional rD (radial diffusivity) changes between the aerobic exercise and usual care control groups in primary outcome regions of interest (Putamen, Cingulum, Superior Longitudinal Fasciculus).
Higher scores worse.
|
Change from Baseline regional DTI at 1 year
|
MDS-UPDRS Non-motor Experiences of Daily Living subscale (Part I) score
Time Frame: Change from Baseline MDS-UPDRS Non-motor Experiences of Daily Living subscale (Part I) score at 1 year
|
Non-motor symptoms.
Higher scores worse.
Range: 0-48
|
Change from Baseline MDS-UPDRS Non-motor Experiences of Daily Living subscale (Part I) score at 1 year
|
Summary index of the Parkinson's Disease Questionnaire-39 (PDQ-39)
Time Frame: Change from Baseline PDQ-39 Summary Index at 1 year
|
Quality of life
|
Change from Baseline PDQ-39 Summary Index at 1 year
|
Secondary Outcome Measures
Outcome Measure |
Measure Description |
Time Frame |
---|---|---|
ON Period MDS-UPDRS motor examination subscale score
Time Frame: Change from Baseline ON Period MDS-UPDRS motor examination subscale score at 1 year
|
Motor function.
Higher scores worse.
Range: 0-132.
|
Change from Baseline ON Period MDS-UPDRS motor examination subscale score at 1 year
|
Dexterity (time on 9-hole peg board) test of NIH Toolbox motor battery
Time Frame: Change from Baseline 9-hole peg board test performance at 1 year
|
Motor function. Dexterity
|
Change from Baseline 9-hole peg board test performance at 1 year
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COGSTAT score
Time Frame: Change from Baseline COGSTAT score at 1 year
|
Cognitive function.
COGSTAT, a composite measure of cognition, calculated by assigning and summing standard T-scores (mean=50, SD=10) to eight tests from the cognitive test battery the investigators used in the driving studies, will be the main secondary outcome measure.
This cognitive battery will enable us to probe multiple domains: Complex Figure Test-Copy (CFT-Copy) Version, Block Design for visuospatial construction; Trail-making Test (B-A), a measure of set shifting and Controlled Oral Word Association Test (also tests language) for executive functions; Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (anterograde verbal memory), CFT-Recall is administered 30 minutes after the CFT-Copy (visual memory), Benton Visual Retention Test errors for memory; Judgment of Line Orientation for visual perception.
Higher scores worse.
|
Change from Baseline COGSTAT score at 1 year
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Radial Diffusivity (rD) on Diffusion imaging tractography
Time Frame: Change from Baseline Diffusion imaging tractography at 1 year
|
Brain tissue integrity.
Motor: Substantia nigra <-> putamen (nigrostriatal tract) and putamen <-> premotor cortex Cognitive: Dorsal lateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) <-> caudate and the parietal cortex <-> prefrontal cortex.
Higher scores worse.
|
Change from Baseline Diffusion imaging tractography at 1 year
|
Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) score
Time Frame: Change from Baseline GDS score at 1 year
|
Severity of depression.
Higher scores worse.
Range: 0-15
|
Change from Baseline GDS score at 1 year
|
Motor experiences of daily living score
Time Frame: Change from Baseline motor experiences of daily living score at 1 year
|
Motor function.
Higher scores worse.
Range:0-52.
|
Change from Baseline motor experiences of daily living score at 1 year
|
Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) score
Time Frame: Change from Baseline BAI score at 1 year
|
Anxiety severity.
Higher scores worse.
Range: 0-63
|
Change from Baseline BAI score at 1 year
|
Parkinson's Disease Sleep Scale version 2 (PDSS-2)
Time Frame: Change from Baseline PDSS-2 score at 1 year
|
Sleep quality.
Higher scores worse.
Range: 0-60
|
Change from Baseline PDSS-2 score at 1 year
|
Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS)
Time Frame: Change from Baseline FSS score at 1 year
|
Severity of fatigue.
Higher scores worse.
Range: 9-63
|
Change from Baseline FSS score at 1 year
|
Locomotion (time on 25-f walk test for gait speed) test
Time Frame: Change from Baseline Locomotion (time on 25-f walk test for gait speed) test performance at 1 year
|
Motor function. Locomotion.
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Change from Baseline Locomotion (time on 25-f walk test for gait speed) test performance at 1 year
|
Locomotion (time on 4-m walk test for gait speed) test of NIH Toolbox motor battery
Time Frame: Change from Baseline Locomotion (time on 4-m walk test for gait speed) test performance at 1 year
|
Motor function. Locomotion
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Change from Baseline Locomotion (time on 4-m walk test for gait speed) test performance at 1 year
|
Finger Tapping test
Time Frame: Change from Baseline average performance for right and left finger tapping at 1 year
|
Average between two trials of oscillating finger tapping for both hands.
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Change from Baseline average performance for right and left finger tapping at 1 year
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Endurance (distance on 6-minute walk) test
Time Frame: Change from Baseline Endurance (distance on 6-minute walk) test performance at 1 year
|
Motor function.
Endurance (6-minute walk).
|
Change from Baseline Endurance (distance on 6-minute walk) test performance at 1 year
|
Schwab and England Activities of Daily Living Scale
Time Frame: Change from Baseline score at 1 year
|
Changes of ability to complete activities of daily living.
Lower percentage of ability worse.
Range: 0-100%
|
Change from Baseline score at 1 year
|
Mini-Mental Status Examination (MMSE)
Time Frame: Change from Baseline MMSE score at 1 year
|
Cognitive and memory.
Lower scores worse.
Range: 0-30
|
Change from Baseline MMSE score at 1 year
|
Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MOCA)
Time Frame: Change from Baseline MOCA score at 1 year
|
Cognitive and memory.
Lower scores worse.
Range: 0-30
|
Change from Baseline MOCA score at 1 year
|
Pelli-Robson Contrast Sensitivity
Time Frame: Change from Baseline score at 1 year
|
Vision.
Sensitivity to contrast changes of letters.
Range: 0.00 - 2.25
|
Change from Baseline score at 1 year
|
Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS)
Time Frame: Change from Baseline score at 1 year
|
Visual acuity test.
Changes of ETDRS Acuity Log Score.
|
Change from Baseline score at 1 year
|
EEG
Time Frame: Change from Baseline metrics at 1 year
|
Various EEG metrics.
|
Change from Baseline metrics at 1 year
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Other Outcome Measures
Outcome Measure |
Measure Description |
Time Frame |
---|---|---|
VO2max on cycle ergometry
Time Frame: Change from Baseline VO2max on cycle ergometry at 1 year
|
Cardiorespiratory fitness as an index of aerobic exercise intervention delivery.
Higher scores better.
|
Change from Baseline VO2max on cycle ergometry at 1 year
|
Collaborators and Investigators
Collaborators
Investigators
- Principal Investigator: Ergun Y. Uc, MD, Iowa City VA Health Care System, Iowa City, IA
Publications and helpful links
Study record dates
Study Major Dates
Study Start (Actual)
Primary Completion (Estimated)
Study Completion (Estimated)
Study Registration Dates
First Submitted
First Submitted That Met QC Criteria
First Posted (Actual)
Study Record Updates
Last Update Posted (Actual)
Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria
Last Verified
More Information
Terms related to this study
Keywords
Additional Relevant MeSH Terms
Other Study ID Numbers
- E2987-R
- 1I01RX002987-01A1 (U.S. NIH Grant/Contract)
Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)
Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?
IPD Plan Description
Final datasets underlying all publications resulting from the proposed research will be shared outside VA.
Final data sets underlying publications resulting from this research will be shared upon written request and through ClinicalTrials.gov and databank/repository if specified by the VA.
Individuals can download the data and analyze the results using methods described in the investigators' articles or alternative methods as necessary.
IPD Sharing Time Frame
IPD Sharing Access Criteria
Drug and device information, study documents
Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product
Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product
product manufactured in and exported from the U.S.
This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.
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