- ICH GCP
- US Clinical Trials Registry
- Clinical Trial NCT03904290
Does Patent Foramen Ovale Closure Improve Exercise Capacity & Prevent Blood Flow Through Intrapulmonary Shunt (PFO CLOSE)
Study Overview
Status
Conditions
Intervention / Treatment
Detailed Description
A patent foramen ovale (PFO) is present in ~30% of the general population. The PFO has historically been considered to be trivial. However, recent work by the investigator's group and others has identified that, compared to individuals without a PFO, those with a PFO have a higher core body temperature, significantly worse pulmonary gas exchange efficiency, blunted ventilatory responses to chronic hypoxia and acute carbon dioxide and increased susceptibility to altitude illnesses such as acute mountain sickness, and high altitude pulmonary edema. Specific to this application, subjects with a PFO maybe worse pulmonary gas exchange efficiency because a PFO is a potential source of right-to-left shunt that will make pulmonary gas exchange efficiency worse. If true, then this may negatively impact exercise capacity and/or exercise tolerance.
The investigator's lab group has demonstrated that hypoxemia increases blood flow through intrapulmonary arteriovenous anastomoses (IPAVA) in healthy and subjects with COPD. When these subjects breathe 100% O2 it prevents or reduces blood flow through IPAVA. This suggests that hypoxemia per se induces blood flow through IPAVA. The blood flow through IPAVA and presence of a PFO is also associated with increased risk of stroke and/or transient ischemic attack (TIA). In addition, an atrial septal defect (ASD) is a hole within the interatrial septum, and is considered a congenital heart defect. An ASD is typically larger than a PFO, and thus, the symptoms may be worse in those with an ASD, compared to those with a PFO. Thus, some hypoxemic patients who have had a stroke or transient ischemic attack, who also have a PFO/ASD may undergo surgical closure of their PFO/ASD to prevent subsequent neurological sequelae. This surgical closure may also prevent the hypoxemia thereby reducing or preventing blood flow through IPAVA. Of note, blood flow through IPAVA has been demonstrated to be strongly correlated with TIA and/or stroke and has not previously been taken into consideration in randomized clinical trials mentioned below.
Three randomized clinical trials have determined that PFO closure is not superior to regular medical management, for the prevention of subsequent stroke and/or TIA. Nevertheless, the American Heart Association still recommends that "in patients with cryptogenic [unexplained] TIA or stroke, a PFO, and deep vein thrombosis (DVT), guidelines from the American College of Chest Physicians currently recommend vitamin K antagonist therapy for 3 months and consideration of PFO closure rather than no vitamin K antagonist therapy or aspirin therapy." Additionally, in the largest single center retrospective study performed to date, PFO closure for the purpose of preventing hypoxemia was found to result in "improvement in echocardiographic evidence of right to left shunt, New York Heart Association functional class, and oxygen requirement." Thus, PFO/ASD closure remains a potentially beneficial option for both hypoxemic and stroke/TIA patients.
Lastly, preliminary data also suggest greater levels of plasma inflammatory mediators in subjects with a PFO and systemic inflammation is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular diseases. Importantly, exercise is known to reduce so of these systemic inflammatory mediator levels. Thus, PFO/ASD closure may allow for greater exercise capacity and a subsequent reduction in inflammation.
Thus, although a PFO has been traditionally considered to have a minimal impact of physiology and pathophysiology, emerging evidence suggests this may not be the case. The investigator's lab is focused on understanding how and why a relatively small hole in the heart (PFO/ASD) can have a relatively large impact on cardiopulmonary and respiratory physiology.
Study Type
Enrollment (Estimated)
Phase
- Not Applicable
Contacts and Locations
Study Locations
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Oregon
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Eugene, Oregon, United States, 97403
- Cardiorespiratory and Pulmonary Physiology Lab
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Participation Criteria
Eligibility Criteria
Ages Eligible for Study
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Description
Inclusion Criteria:
- Men and women aged 18-80
- Undergoing PFO/ASD closure.
- Subject's physician will determine inclusion in either exercise or non-exercise group, based on available medical information.
Exclusion Criteria:
- Previous history of coronary artery disease (ischemic heart disease such as angina, heart attack, myocardial infarction).
- Failure of Modified Allen's Test in both hands.
- Currently taking medications or herbal supplements for any heart or respiratory disease that they cannot stop taking for 48hrs prior to testing (seasonal allergy medication not included in exclusion medications).
- Lidocaine, nitroglycerine or heparin allergy.
- Women who are pregnant or trying to become pregnant.
- Previous history of any condition that would prevent the subject from performing cycle ergometer exercise (for exercise study only).
- Physician determination.
- PFO/ASD deemed by referring physician as not fully closed/endothelialized at 6 months post-PFO/ASD closure procedure.
Study Plan
How is the study designed?
Design Details
- Primary Purpose: Treatment
- Allocation: N/A
- Interventional Model: Single Group Assignment
- Masking: None (Open Label)
Arms and Interventions
Participant Group / Arm |
Intervention / Treatment |
---|---|
Other: Pre-PFO closure
Subjects evaluated at 'baseline' prior to percutaneous closure of PFO, and re-evaluated at 3 months post percutaneous closure of PFO
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Subject will undergo percutaneous closure of PFO/ASD utilizing FDA-approved PFO/ASD closure device(s).
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What is the study measuring?
Primary Outcome Measures
Outcome Measure |
Measure Description |
Time Frame |
---|---|---|
Change in quantified pulmonary gas exchange efficiency
Time Frame: Baseline and 3 months post percutaneous closure
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Quantify pulmonary gas exchange efficiency (alveolar to arterial O2 difference) and arterial oxygenation at rest and during exercise.
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Baseline and 3 months post percutaneous closure
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change in maximal aerobic exercise capacity (Vo2max)
Time Frame: Baseline and 3 months post percutaneous closure
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Quantify aerobic exercise capacity as measured by oxygen consumption
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Baseline and 3 months post percutaneous closure
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change in maximal aerobic exercise capacity
Time Frame: Baseline and 3 months post percutaneous closure
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Distance walked in 6 minutes (6 minute walk test)
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Baseline and 3 months post percutaneous closure
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Change in minute flow of intrapulmonary arterio-venuous anastamoses (QIPAVA)
Time Frame: Baseline and 3 months post percutaneous closure
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Quantify QIPAVA at rest and assess recurrence of stroke or TIA at 3 months.
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Baseline and 3 months post percutaneous closure
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Change in plasma inflammatory markers
Time Frame: Baseline and 3 months post percutaneous closure
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Quantify plasma inflammatory markers (TNFa, IL-1, 6 & CRP)
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Baseline and 3 months post percutaneous closure
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Change in hypercapnic ventilatory response
Time Frame: Baseline and 3 months post percutaneous closure
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Measure hypercapnic ventilatory response
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Baseline and 3 months post percutaneous closure
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change in core body temperature measured via ingestible thermometer pill
Time Frame: Baseline and 3 months post percutaneous closure
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Quantify core body temperature
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Baseline and 3 months post percutaneous closure
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Collaborators and Investigators
Sponsor
Investigators
- Principal Investigator: Andrew Lovering, PhD, University of Oregon
Study record dates
Study Major Dates
Study Start (Actual)
Primary Completion (Estimated)
Study Completion (Estimated)
Study Registration Dates
First Submitted
First Submitted That Met QC Criteria
First Posted (Actual)
Study Record Updates
Last Update Posted (Estimated)
Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria
Last Verified
More Information
Terms related to this study
Additional Relevant MeSH Terms
Other Study ID Numbers
- 12132016.027
Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)
Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?
Drug and device information, study documents
Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product
Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product
This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.
Clinical Trials on Patent Foramen Ovale
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Carag AGCompleted
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Lifetech Scientific (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd.CompletedPatent Foramen OvaleIreland, Germany
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Lifetech Scientific (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd.Recruiting
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University of OregonRecruiting
Clinical Trials on PFO Closure
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HeartStitch.ComUnknownForamen Ovale, Patent | Septal Defect, Atrial | Septal Defect, HeartUnited States
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Abbott Medical DevicesTerminated
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University Hospital Inselspital, BerneCompleted
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Encore Medical Inc.Bright Research Partners; Yale Cardiovascular Research GroupRecruitingPatent Foramen Ovale | Cryptogenic StrokeUnited States
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Haiyan WangCompleted
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Occlutech International ABRecruitingStroke | Patent Foramen OvaleUnited States, Denmark, Canada, Netherlands, Germany, United Kingdom, Finland
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Coherex MedicalTerminatedPatients With Migraine and PFO
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National Medical Research Center for Cardiology...Not yet recruitingPatent Foramen Ovale
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University Hospital, SaarlandRecruitingPatent Foramen Ovale | Atrial Fibrillation New Onset | Embolic Stroke of Undetermined SourceGermany
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Lawson Health Research InstituteActive, not recruitingStroke | Atrial Fibrillation | Patent Foramen Ovale | Atrial FlutterCanada