A Clinical Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Aramchol in Subjects With NASH (ARMOR) (ARMOR)

A Phase 3, Multinational, Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Study to Evaluate the Efficacy PK, Kinetics and Safety of Aramchol in Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH) With Open-Label Part

An Open-Label Part was added:

This part will enroll in selected sites which are less affected by the COVID-19 pandemic.

150 subjects with NASH and fibrosis confirmed by liver histology (F1-F3) will be randomized into 3 groups according to the post-baseline biopsy.

The objective of the Open-Label Part is:

• To evaluate the safety and PK of twice daily administration (BID) of Aramchol 300mg in subjects with NASH and liver fibrosis.
• To explore the kinetics of histological outcome measures and Non-Invasive Tests (NITs) associated with NASH and fibrosis for the treatment duration of 24, 48 and 72 weeks.

All patients will be allocated to Aramchol.

Double Blind Part:

This part is double blind, placebo controlled randomized in subjects with NASH and fibrosis stages 2-3 who are overweight or obese and have prediabetes or type 2 diabetes.

The primary objectives of this part of the study are to evaluate the effect of Aramchol as compared to placebo on NASH resolution, fibrosis improvement and clinical outcomes related to progression of liver disease.

Subjects will be randomized to receive Aramchol 300mg BID or matching placebo in a 2:1 randomization ratio.

This double-blind phase of the study will recruit patients once the study will be continued.

Study Overview

• Status: Suspended
• Conditions: Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH)
• Intervention / Treatment: Drug: Placebo; Drug: Aramchol free acid

Detailed Description

A total of 150 subjects, including those already randomized to Aramchol 300 mg BID or Placebo, were to be randomized in a ratio of 1:1:1 to receive Aramchol 300 mg BID in the open-label (OL) part according to the grouping below:

Group A: The post-baseline liver biopsy was to be conducted at Week 24 Group B: The post-baseline liver biopsy was to be conducted at Week 48 Group C: The post-baseline liver biopsy was to be conducted at Week 72

In order to more comprehensively explore the kinetics of histological outcome measures (e.g., are there subjects who did not show improvement in outcome at Weeks 24, 48, or 72, but improved with longer duration of treatment), a second post-baseline liver biopsy sample was to be collected for subjects whose post-baseline liver biopsy at Weeks 24 or 48, or 72 did not show at least one stage improvement in fibrosis (fibrosis non-responders). The second post-baseline liver biopsy sample was to be collected one year later (i.e., at Weeks 72 or 96 or 120, respectively).

Subjects already randomized and ongoing in the PC part were given the option to switch to the OL part

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 157
• Phase: Phase 3

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• United States
  • Florida
    • Miami, Florida, United States, 33136
      • The Public Health Trust of Miami-Dade County, Florida, dba the Jackson Health System
  • Texas
    • Arlington, Texas, United States, 76012
      • Texas Clinical Research Institute, LLC

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 years to 75 years (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Description

Key Inclusion Criteria:

1. Male or female age 18 to 75 years
2. Histological confirmation of NASH on a diagnostic liver biopsy by central reading of the slides (biopsy obtained within 6 months prior to randomization or during the screening period)
3. Total NAS Score 4 or more with at least 1 in each component of the NAS Score (steatosis ≥1 AND inflammation ≥1 AND ballooning ≥1)
4. Fibrosis Stage must be 2 or 3 (Open-Label Part may include up to 30 subjects with fibrosis stage 1)
5. Body mass index (BMI) between 25kg/m2 and 40 kg/m2 (Open Label part: BMI <40 kg/m2)
6. AST>20 IU/L
7. Type 2 diabetes mellitus or prediabetes (Open Label Part only: Type 2 diabetes or prediabetes is not an inclusion criteria)
8. For subjects with type 2 diabetes, glycemia must be controlled
9. Females of childbearing potential must practice a highly effective method of contraception throughout the study period and for 1 month after treatment discontinuation.
10. Able to understand the nature of the study and to provide signature of the written informed consent.

Key Exclusion Criteria:

1. Histologically documented liver cirrhosis (fibrosis stage 4)
2. Inability or unwillingness to undergo a liver biopsy
3. Abnormal synthetic liver function
4. ALT or AST >5× upper limit of normal (ULN)
5. Platelet count < 150,000mm3
6. Alkaline phosphatase ≥2× ULN
7. Known or suspected hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)
8. Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) score > 12
9. Prior history or presence of decompensated liver disease
10. Other (acute or chronic) coexisting liver disease based on medical history and/or centralized review of liver histology)
11. Known alcohol and/or any other drug abuse or dependence in the last five years
12. Weight loss of more than 5% within 3 months prior to screening
13. History of bariatric surgery within 5 years of liver biopsy or planned surgery for weight reduction
14. Treatment with drugs that may cause NAFLD within 12 months prior to liver biopsy
15. Treatment with some anti-diabetic medications; Unless started prior to biopsy (timeframe depending on drug) and stable
16. Current or planned treatment with immunosuppressive drugs
17. Evidence of any other unstable or untreated clinically significant disease
18. Uncontrolled hypertension
19. Any other condition that in the opinion of the Investigator warrants exclusion from the study

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Single Group Assignment
• Masking: Quadruple

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Placebo Comparator: Placebo; Placebo matching oral tablet	Drug: Placebo; Placebo BID; Other Names: Two tablet of Aramchol matching placebo
Experimental: Aramchol free acid; Aramchol 300 mg oral tablet	Drug: Aramchol free acid; Aramchol 300 mg BID; Other Names: Two tablets of Aramchol free acid

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Open Label Part: Improvement of Fibrosis Based on Liver Biopsy	Improvement of fibrosis was defined by the following: One stage or more reduction in fibrosis stage as assesed by the NASH-CRN classification; Ranked paired assessment between post-baseline compared to baseline biopsies (i,proved, worsened or stable fibrosis); Reduction in the the continous phenotypic Fibrosis composite severity (Ph-FCS) score ≥0.3 in absolute value or ≥25% in relative value	Up to 72 or 120 weeks
Double Blind Part: To Evaluate the Effect of Aramchol Compared to Placebo on Liver Histology by Assessing the Following Primary Endpoints. Study Was Suspended and Thus Results Are Expected 2027	Resolution of NASH defined as the Proportion (%) of subjects with resolution of NASH (defined by Ballooning of 0 and inflammation 0-1) and no worsening of liver fibrosis, or; Improvement in Fibrosis defined as the Proportion (%) of subjects with improvement in liver fibrosis greater than or equal to one stage and no worsening of steatohepatitis.	72 weeks
Double Blind Part: To Evaluate the Effect of Aramchol Compared to Placebo on Composite Long-term Outcome Study Was Suspended so Results Expected 2027	Proportion (%) of subjects experiencing at least 1 of the following events: All-cause mortality, Liver transplant, Histological progression to cirrhosis, MELD score >15, Hospitalization due to hepatic decompensation event(s).	at End of Study, latest at 5 years from last subject's randomization

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Galmed Research and Development, Ltd.
• Investigators: Study Director: Yossi Gilgun-Sherki, PhD, MBA, Executive Drug Development Consultant

Publications and helpful links

General Publications

• Ratziu V, Yilmaz Y, Lazas D, Friedman SL, Lackner C, Behling C, Cummings OW, Chen L, Petitjean M, Gilgun-Sherki Y, Gorfine T, Kadosh S, Eyal E, Sanyal AJ. Aramchol improves hepatic fibrosis in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis: Results of multimodality assessment using both conventional and digital pathology. Hepatology. 2025 Mar 1;81(3):932-946. doi: 10.1097/HEP.0000000000000980. Epub 2024 Jun 25.

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): September 23, 2019
• Primary Completion (Actual): December 8, 2022
• Study Completion (Estimated): June 30, 2027

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: September 18, 2019
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: September 24, 2019
• First Posted (Actual): September 26, 2019

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): February 11, 2026
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: January 29, 2026
• Last Verified: January 1, 2026

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: diabetes; obesity; liver fibrosis; fibrosis
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Endocrine System Diseases; Pathologic Processes; Nutrition Disorders; Metabolic Diseases; Overnutrition; Body Weight; Digestive System Diseases; Glucose Metabolism Disorders; Liver Diseases; Overweight; Fatty Liver; Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms; Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases; Signs and Symptoms; Obesity; Diabetes Mellitus; Fibrosis; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease; Liver Cirrhosis; Gastrointestinal Agents; Cholic Acids
• Other Study ID Numbers: Aramchol-018

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: Yes
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No