Evaluation of Ultrasensitive Chromosomal Aneuploidy Detection for Detecting Minimal Residual Disease in Multiple Myeloma (EUCADD)

Application of Ultrasensitive Chromosomal Aneuploidy Detection (UCAD) as a Surrogate Biomarker of Minimal Residual Diseases for Multiple Myeloma Patients

Despite the significantly higher complete remission rates and improved survival achieved over the last decade，multiple myeloma (MM) patients continue to relapse due to persistence of minimal residual disease (MRD). Currently, numerous studies have evaluated the prognostic value of MRD by detecting immunophenotypic and immunoglobulin (Ig) gene rearrangements from bone marrow aspiration samples. Here the investigators intend to study the clinical utility of Ultrasensitive Chromosomal Aneuploidy Detection (UCAD) as an MRD assay, which is based on plasma cell-free DNA(cfDNA) low-coverage whole-genome sequencing. UCAD is non-invasive and applicable for tumors with high heterogeneity and extramedullary invasions.

Study Overview

• Status: Unknown
• Conditions: Multiple Myeloma
• Intervention / Treatment: Diagnostic test: The level of plasma cfDNA CINs

Detailed Description

In multiple myeloma, Minimal Residual Disease (MRD) refers to myeloma cells that are present in the bone marrow after a clinical response has been measured and the patient is in remission. A patient who tests "MRD negative" after treatment for myeloma has less than one myeloma cell per million bone marrow cells. Data from recent clinical trials suggest that patients with such a low level of disease may be less likely to experience a relapse of their condition than patients with higher levels. In recent years, MRD testing is now be applied in the management of patients receiving standard therapies for the disease.

Chromosomal instability(CIN) results from errors in chromosome segregation during mitosis, leading to structural and numerical chromosomal abnormalities. It will generate genomic heterogeneity that acts as a substrate for natural selection. Furthermore, it is proved that tumors with aneuploidies and polyploidy resulting from whole-genome doubling are related with metastasis, treatment resistance, and decreased overall survival. It is estimated that 60%-80% of human tumors exhibit chromosomal abnormalities suggestive of CIN. CIN positively correlates with tumor stage and is enriched in relapsed as well as metastatic tumor specimens. Due to the ubiquity of CIN in cancer cells and cancer cell releasing DNA into peripheral blood (PB) when apoptosis, it is a potentially non-invasive way to detect CIN in PB cfDNA from the MM patients to character MRD level. UCAD is a new method to detecting CIN in the DNA sample from patients, including extracting cfDNA from PB, analyzing DNA by low-coverage whole-genome sequencing, processing the data by bio-information techniques, and finally optimizing the management of MM patients.

• Study Type: Observational
• Enrollment (Anticipated): 100

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• China
  • Shanghai, China
    • Recruiting
    • Juan Du
    • Contact: Juan Du, PhD; Phone Number: 8615800706091 8615800706091; Email: changzheng_pg@163.com
    • Contact: Ziliang Qian, PhD; Email: ziliang.qian@prophetgenomics.com.cn

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 years and older (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

• Sampling Method: Non-Probability Sample

Study Population

Patients diagnosed with MM and with the curative effect at least VGPR in Changzheng Hospital from Aug 2019 till the end of this study.

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Patients new diagnosed with MM and with the curative effect at least VGPR.
• Male or female patients aged >= 18 years.
• Participants signed informed consent form.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Age under 18 years
• Individuals unwilling to sign the consent form or unwilling to provide PB for test or unwilling to provide the medical record.
• Individuals unwilling to participate in this trial.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Number of groups / cohorts

1

Cohorts and Interventions

Group / Cohort	Intervention / Treatment
MM patients have curative effect at least VGPR; We will detect cfDNA CIN of multiple myeloma patients who have the curative effect at least very good partial response (VGPR) after front line therapy, and then monitoring cfDNA CIN every two treatment cycles or every three months during follow up，the result will be compared with bone marrow aspiration MFC.	Diagnostic test: The level of plasma cfDNA CINs; The extracted cfDNA from PB will be analyzed by UCAD to determine the level of CINs

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Comparison of the prognostic of the MRD negative and MRD positive defined by UCAD	The patients' prognostic was evaluated with the median time of progress free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS)	36month
The concordance rate analysis between UCAD and multiparameter flow cytometry(MFC)	number of patients "declared MRD positive or MRD negative" with the UCAD and MFC test simultaneously among the patients being tested successfully with both	36month

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
The applicability analysis of UCAD	number of patients being tested successfully with the UCAD among the patients included in this cohort	36month
The MRD negative rate analysis among VGPR patients	The MRD negative patients accounted for the total enrollment	24month

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Shanghai Changzheng Hospital

Publications and helpful links

General Publications

• Bakhoum SF, Ngo B, Laughney AM, Cavallo JA, Murphy CJ, Ly P, Shah P, Sriram RK, Watkins TBK, Taunk NK, Duran M, Pauli C, Shaw C, Chadalavada K, Rajasekhar VK, Genovese G, Venkatesan S, Birkbak NJ, McGranahan N, Lundquist M, LaPlant Q, Healey JH, Elemento O, Chung CH, Lee NY, Imielenski M, Nanjangud G, Pe'er D, Cleveland DW, Powell SN, Lammerding J, Swanton C, Cantley LC. Chromosomal instability drives metastasis through a cytosolic DNA response. Nature. 2018 Jan 25;553(7689):467-472. doi: 10.1038/nature25432. Epub 2018 Jan 17.
• Hieronymus H, Murali R, Tin A, Yadav K, Abida W, Moller H, Berney D, Scher H, Carver B, Scardino P, Schultz N, Taylor B, Vickers A, Cuzick J, Sawyers CL. Tumor copy number alteration burden is a pan-cancer prognostic factor associated with recurrence and death. Elife. 2018 Sep 4;7:e37294. doi: 10.7554/eLife.37294.
• Martinez-Lopez J, Lahuerta JJ, Pepin F, Gonzalez M, Barrio S, Ayala R, Puig N, Montalban MA, Paiva B, Weng L, Jimenez C, Sopena M, Moorhead M, Cedena T, Rapado I, Mateos MV, Rosinol L, Oriol A, Blanchard MJ, Martinez R, Blade J, San Miguel J, Faham M, Garcia-Sanz R. Prognostic value of deep sequencing method for minimal residual disease detection in multiple myeloma. Blood. 2014 May 15;123(20):3073-9. doi: 10.1182/blood-2014-01-550020. Epub 2014 Mar 19.
• Bai Y, Orfao A, Chim CS. Molecular detection of minimal residual disease in multiple myeloma. Br J Haematol. 2018 Apr;181(1):11-26. doi: 10.1111/bjh.15075. Epub 2017 Dec 19.
• Oberle A, Brandt A, Voigtlaender M, Thiele B, Radloff J, Schulenkorf A, Alawi M, Akyuz N, Marz M, Ford CT, Krohn-Grimberghe A, Binder M. Monitoring multiple myeloma by next-generation sequencing of V(D)J rearrangements from circulating myeloma cells and cell-free myeloma DNA. Haematologica. 2017 Jun;102(6):1105-1111. doi: 10.3324/haematol.2016.161414. Epub 2017 Feb 9.
• Rihova L, Vsianska P, Bezdekova R, Kralova R, Penka M, Krejci M, Pour L, Hajek R. Minimal Residual Disease Assessment in Multiple Myeloma by Multiparametric Flow Cytometry. Klin Onkol. 2017 Summer;30(Supplementum2):21-28. doi: 10.14735/amko20172S21.
• Berger N, Kim-Schulze S, Parekh S. Minimal Residual Disease in Multiple Myeloma: Impact on Response Assessment, Prognosis and Tumor Heterogeneity. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2018;1100:141-159. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-97746-1_9.
• Li H, Li F, Zhou X, Mei J, Song P, An Z, Zhao Q, Guo X, Wang X, Zhai Y. Achieving minimal residual disease-negative by multiparameter flow cytometry may ameliorate a poor prognosis in MM patients with high-risk cytogenetics: a retrospective single-center analysis. Ann Hematol. 2019 May;98(5):1185-1195. doi: 10.1007/s00277-019-03609-x. Epub 2019 Feb 5.

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): October 20, 2019
• Primary Completion (Anticipated): October 20, 2021
• Study Completion (Anticipated): October 20, 2022

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: October 8, 2019
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: October 8, 2019
• First Posted (Actual): October 10, 2019

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): November 18, 2019
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: November 15, 2019
• Last Verified: November 1, 2019

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: Multiple myeloma; Minimal residual disease; Chromosomal aneuploidy detection; Chromosomal instability
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Pathologic Processes; Cardiovascular Diseases; Vascular Diseases; Immune System Diseases; Neoplasms by Histologic Type; Neoplasms; Lymphoproliferative Disorders; Immunoproliferative Disorders; Hematologic Diseases; Hemorrhagic Disorders; Hemostatic Disorders; Paraproteinemias; Blood Protein Disorders; Neoplastic Processes; Chromosome Aberrations; Multiple Myeloma; Neoplasms, Plasma Cell; Aneuploidy; Neoplasm, Residual
• Other Study ID Numbers: cz-pg001

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: UNDECIDED

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No