Developing and Validating the Caring Questionnaire of Service Learning Courses

Developing and Validating the Caring Questionnaire of Service Learning Courses: Using the Transformative Learning Model and Theory of Planned Behavior

Research purposes: 1. Construct the caring scale in service learning courses. 2. Verify the reliability and validity of caring scale in service learning curriculum.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: CARING; SERVICE LEARNING
• Intervention / Treatment: Behavioral: service learning

Detailed Description

Background: The core value of healthcare education is caring. However, caring traits are learned and acquired. Service learning advocates learning by doing. Through experience learning, students are guided to learn caring attitude or caring behaviour. Thus, teachers should construct appropriate assessments to understand caring traits as a transformative process from students' learning. Teachers should also adjust the pace of teaching continuously and design appropriate courses to facilitate students' achievement of their learning goals.

• Study Type: Observational
• Enrollment (Actual): 483

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Taiwan
  • Taichung, Taiwan, 406
    • Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 20 years and older (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes

• Sampling Method: Probability Sample

Study Population

undergraduate students

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• undergraduate students after attending a service learning course

Exclusion Criteria:

• undergraduate students who refuse or are unwilling to participate in service learning courses.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
first impression scale of service facility	Developing and validating the first impression scale in traditional Chinese language. The study uses the likert scale with five point scale: very positive, positive, neutral, negative, and very negative. The more positive feeling is more higher score.	up to 48 month
service-learning experience of scale for caring	Developing and validating the service-learning experience scale for caring in traditional Chinese language. A higher score indicates more caring experiences.	up to 48 month
organizational climate for service-learning	Developing and validating the organizational climate survey for service-learning in traditional Chinese language. The study uses the likert scale with five point scale: very positive, positive, neutral, negative, and very negative. The more positive feeling is more higher score.	up to 48 month
idea transformation questionnaire for service-learning	Developing and validating a idea transformation questionnaire after service-learning in traditional Chinese language. A higher score indicates more idea changes.	up to 48 month
perceived behavioral control for caring	Developing and validating the perceived behavioral control for caring in traditional Chinese language. The study uses the likert scale with five point scale: agree strongly, agree, neutral, disagree, and disagree strongly. The higher score indicates higher caring ability. The lower score indicates more difficult/limited to do caring behavior.	up to 48 month
behavioral intention of caring	Developing and validating the behavioral intention of caring in traditional Chinese language. The study uses the likert scale with five point scale: agree strongly, agree, neutral, disagree, and disagree strongly. The higher score indicates higher commit for caring behavior in the near future.	up to 48 month

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
attitude of caring	Three items for personal attitude towards caring including cognition, affection and behavior. The score range from 0-15. The higher score means more positive attitude of caring.	after service-learning activity 1 month
subjective norms	Personal caring ability is mainly influenced by those important people. The study uses the likert scale with five point scale: very important, important, neutral, unimportant, and very unimportant. The more important feeling is more higher score.	after service-learning activity 1 month
selfishness questionnaire	Validating and reliability for selfishness scale in traditional Chinese language. The range score is from 0-48. A higher score indicates more selfishness.	after service-learning activity 1 month

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology
• Collaborators: Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): December 18, 2019
• Primary Completion (Actual): December 2, 2022
• Study Completion (Actual): July 21, 2023

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: December 15, 2019
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: December 17, 2019
• First Posted (Actual): December 18, 2019

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): June 25, 2024
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: June 22, 2024
• Last Verified: June 1, 2024

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Other Study ID Numbers: MOST 108-2637-B-166-002

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No