Healthy Lifestyle or Pro-health Obsession During the Pandemic

Healthy Lifestyle or Pro-health Obsession During the Pandemic - a Multinational Study

Citizens of many countries are in the high peak period of the outbreak of the COVID-19 virus. People are currently struggling with the total cessation of certain aspects of normal life. The situation associated with the pandemic can lead to the development of many problems connected both with mental and physical health. The investigators, as psychologists, would like to better understand this difficult situation and identify mechanisms which can lead to health problems. Therefore, group of researchers and practitioners created this study to investigate how people in general cope with this critical situation. The researchers would like to estimate the following variables which participants will evaluate before and during the pandemic period: levels of physical activity, attitudes towards one's body, attitudes towards eating, and psychological well-being. The investigators would like to involve experts and scientists from all around the world. Through this research and by investigating how people cope with this critical situation the solutions for psychological care and interventions for global crisis situations like the COVID-19 pandemic might be identified.

Study Overview

• Status: Unknown
• Conditions: Adult; Global Health

• Study Type: Observational
• Enrollment (Anticipated): 50000

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Poland
  • Gdańsk, Poland, 80-336
    • Recruiting
    • Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport
    • Contact: Mariusz Lipowski, prof.; Email: mariusz.lipowski@awf.gda.pl

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 years and older (ADULT, OLDER_ADULT)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: N/A
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

• Sampling Method: Non-Probability Sample

Study Population

The investigators will approach individuals from Bangladesh, Brazil, China, Croatia, Ethiopia, France, Germany, Indonesia, Iran, Italy, Lithuania, Nigeria, Norway, Pakistan, Portugal, Romania, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, USA, Vietnam

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

- Age: min 18 years old

Exclusion Criteria:

- no

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Number of groups / cohorts

28

Cohorts and Interventions

Group / Cohort
General population of adults from about 30 countries; Data will be collected in general population of adults from about 30 countries. Questionnaires contain also questions about the occurrence of chronic illnesses, being a professional athlete, etc. to control all such aspects.
General population of adults from Poland
General population of adults from Germany
General population of adults from China
General population of adults from Vietnam
General population of adults from Spain
General population of adults from Brazil
General population of adults from Croatia
General population of adults from Ethiopia
General population of adults from France
General population of adults from Indonesia
General population of adults from Iran
General population of adults from Sri Lanka
General population of adults from USA
General population of adults from Italy
General population of adults from South Africa
General population of adults from Portugal
General population of adults from Norway
General population of adults from Lithuania
General population of adults from Romania
General population of adults from Pakistan
General population of adults from Ukraine
General population of adults from India
General population of adults from Japan
General population of adults from Russia
General population of adults from Bangladesh
General population of adults from Nigeria
General population of adults from Egypt

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Levels of Physical Activity	measured by Inventory of Physical Activity Objectives (IPAO) by Lipowski & Zaleski is used to examine the motivating function of objectives determining one to undertake physical activity. The respondent answers questions regarding his/her involvement in competitive sports (both present and previous), and forms and intensity of his/her physical activity. The survey allows analyzing objectives in terms of their dimensions (importance, expectations, conflict), as well as dimensions of action (exercise, endurance, satisfaction). The respondent is given a (multiple) choice of objectives behind his/her physical activity. Four scales of goal-oriented behaviours associated with PA are distinguished in the test: motivational value, time management, persistence in action, motivational conflict. The higher the results of these scales - the higher the motivation to physical activity. IPAO is characterized by good psychometric properties, the Cronbach's α for IPAO reached 0,78.	Baseline
Eating Attitudes	measured by Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26) by Garner, Olmsted, Bohr & Garfinkel (1982). It's a self-report measure of symptoms and concerns characteristic of eating disorders. The EAT-26 can be used in a non-clinical as well as a clinical setting not specifically focused on eating disorders. Questionnaire is rated on a six-point scale based on how often the individual engages in specific behaviors. Scores greater than 20 indicate a need for further investigation by a qualified professional. Research using different EAT-26 language versions has a satisfactory Crombach's alpha 0,78-0,92.	Baseline

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Psychological wellbeing	measured by Psychological Well-Being Scales (PWBS) by Ryff (2004). The PWB scales incorporate six dimensions: autonomy, positive relations with others, environmental mastery, personal growth, purpose in life and self-acceptance. Respondents rate how strongly they agree or disagree with 18 statements using a 7-point scale, higher scores indicate greater wellbeing.	Baseline
Physical wellbeing	measured by SF-12v2 Health Survey, the SF-12v2 is a practical, reliable and valid measure of physical and mental health, it uses just 12 questions. Higher scores indicate a higher level of physical wellbeing	Baseline
Obligatory Exercise	measured by Obligatory Exercise Questionnaire (OEQ) by Pasman & Thompson (1988). OEQ allows to measure excessive exercise activity, especially as it relates to eating disorders. The OEQ contains three factors: Emotional Element of Exercise; Exercise Frequency and Intensity; and Exercise Preoccupation. All items indicate higher endorsement of and engaging in obligatory exercise behaviors.	Baseline
Attitudes Towards Body	measured by Sociocultural Attitudes Towards Appearance (SATAQ 3) by Thompson et al (2014) - widely used measure of societal influences on body image and eating disturbances. SATAQ 3 has subscales that assess internalization (general, athlete), pressures, and information. Items are rated on a five point response scale, with higher scores indicating greater media endorsement.	Baseline
Body Image Disturbance	measured by Fear of Negative Appearance Evaluation Scale (FNAES) developed by Lundgren, Anderson &Thompson (2004) - an eight-item self-report measure that assesses apprehension about appearance evaluation. The higher the FNEAS score the more fear of negative appearance evaluation by others is experienced.	Baseline

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport
• Collaborators: University of Brasilia; Jagiellonian University; Klaipėda University; Catholic University of the Sacred Heart; Menoufia University; Zhengzhou University; Norwegian School of Sport Sciences; Universitas Padjadjaran; Wright State University; University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Science; University Hospital of Split; Vietnam National University; University of Évora; University of Sargodha; University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus; Astana Medical University; Instituto Piaget; University of Gondar; University of Peradeniya; Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv; University of Gdansk; Universidad Pablo de Olavide; Beijing Sport Uninversity; DPFA Academy of Work and Health, Leipzig; Universitatea Alexandru Ioan Cuza; Institut Catholique de Paris; International University of Business Agriculture and Technology; International Islamic Academy of Uzbekistan

Publications and helpful links

General Publications

• Ryff CD. Psychological well-being revisited: advances in the science and practice of eudaimonia. Psychother Psychosom. 2014;83(1):10-28. doi: 10.1159/000353263. Epub 2013 Nov 19.
• Garner DM, Olmsted MP, Bohr Y, Garfinkel PE. The eating attitudes test: psychometric features and clinical correlates. Psychol Med. 1982 Nov;12(4):871-8. doi: 10.1017/s0033291700049163.
• Thompson JK, van den Berg P, Roehrig M, Guarda AS, Heinberg LJ. The sociocultural attitudes towards appearance scale-3 (SATAQ-3): development and validation. Int J Eat Disord. 2004 Apr;35(3):293-304. doi: 10.1002/eat.10257.
• Lundgren JD, Anderson DA, Thompson JK. Fear of negative appearance evaluation: development and evaluation of a new construct for risk factor work in the field of eating disorders. Eat Behav. 2004 Jan;5(1):75-84. doi: 10.1016/S1471-0153(03)00055-2.
• Li K, Walczak-Kozlowska T, Lipowski M, Li J, Krokosz D, Su Y, Yu H, Fan H. The effect of the Baduanjin exercise on COVID-19-related anxiety, psychological well-being and lower back pain of college students during the pandemic. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil. 2022 Jun 8;14(1):102. doi: 10.1186/s13102-022-00493-3.

Helpful Links

• Lipowski, M., Zaleski, Z. (2015). Inventory of Physical Activity Objectives (IPAO) - a new method in measuring motives for physical activity and sport. Health Psychology Report, 3(1), 47-58

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (ACTUAL): June 19, 2020
• Primary Completion (ANTICIPATED): June 19, 2021
• Study Completion (ANTICIPATED): June 30, 2021

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: June 7, 2020
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: June 13, 2020
• First Posted (ACTUAL): June 16, 2020

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (ACTUAL): April 9, 2021
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: April 7, 2021
• Last Verified: June 1, 2020

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: physical activity; nutrition; COVID-19; well-being; body image
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Behavioral Symptoms; Obsessive Behavior
• Other Study ID Numbers: GdanskUPES

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No