COVID-19 Vaccination Take-Up

COVID-19 Vaccination Take-Up in a County-Run Medicaid Managed Care Population

In this work, the investigators are partnering with Contra Costa Health Services (CCHS), the department of health in Contra Costa County, CA, to measure COVID-19 vaccinations and other COVID-19 related preventive health behaviors in the county's Medicaid managed care population. This work will test ways to increase COVID-19 vaccine uptake. The investigators hypothesize that small financial incentives and other low-cost behavioral nudges can be used to increase vaccine uptake and reduce disparities in uptake among diverse racial/ethnic minority populations.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Covid19; Vaccination
• Intervention / Treatment: Behavioral: Financial incentives; Behavioral: Convenient scheduling link; Behavioral: Race concordant; Behavioral: Gender concordant

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 2701
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• United States
  • California
    • Martinez, California, United States, 94553
      • Contra Costa Health Plan

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 years and older (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• age 18 and over
• member of Contra Costa Health Plan (CCHP)

Exclusion Criteria:

• contraindications to vaccination, as determined by county health plan or other medical staff.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Health Services Research
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)

Number of Arms

4

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Placebo Comparator: Control Arm; No messaging about COVID-19 vaccination	Behavioral: Financial incentives; Each of the study arms, including the no message/control arm, will be interacted with different financial incentives (N=5,000); Behavioral: Convenient scheduling link; In addition, study arms will be randomly assigned a convenient link to the county public vaccine appointment scheduling system highlighted for participants (N=5,000).
Experimental: Emotional message; Participants view an emotional video from the state of California about getting back to normal.	Behavioral: Financial incentives; Each of the study arms, including the no message/control arm, will be interacted with different financial incentives (N=5,000); Behavioral: Convenient scheduling link; In addition, study arms will be randomly assigned a convenient link to the county public vaccine appointment scheduling system highlighted for participants (N=5,000).
Experimental: Safety and effectiveness message; Participants view a video with information about the safety and effectiveness of the COVID-19 vaccines	Behavioral: Financial incentives; Each of the study arms, including the no message/control arm, will be interacted with different financial incentives (N=5,000); Behavioral: Convenient scheduling link; In addition, study arms will be randomly assigned a convenient link to the county public vaccine appointment scheduling system highlighted for participants (N=5,000).; Behavioral: Race concordant; Randomized to a messenger who is race concordant with the participant; Behavioral: Gender concordant; Randomized to a messenger who is gender concordant with the participant
Experimental: Consequences message; Participants view a video with information about the consequences of not getting vaccinated against COVID-19.	Behavioral: Financial incentives; Each of the study arms, including the no message/control arm, will be interacted with different financial incentives (N=5,000); Behavioral: Convenient scheduling link; In addition, study arms will be randomly assigned a convenient link to the county public vaccine appointment scheduling system highlighted for participants (N=5,000).; Behavioral: Race concordant; Randomized to a messenger who is race concordant with the participant; Behavioral: Gender concordant; Randomized to a messenger who is gender concordant with the participant

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Rate of COVID-19 Vaccination at 1 Month	Percent of the population with at least one COVID-19 vaccination	1 month

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Rate of COVID-19 vaccination at 6 months	Percent of the population with at least one COVID-19 vaccination	6 months
COVID-19 vaccination	COVID-19 vaccination at 1-year	1 year

Other Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Vaccine Intentions	Stated intention of receiving COVID-19 vaccination in the next 30 days (0% - 100% probability)	30 days

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
• Collaborators: National Institute on Aging (NIA); University of Southern California; Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab; Contra Costa Health Services

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): May 24, 2021
• Primary Completion (Actual): August 15, 2021
• Study Completion (Actual): May 24, 2022

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: April 27, 2021
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: April 28, 2021
• First Posted (Actual): April 30, 2021

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): March 28, 2024
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: March 1, 2024
• Last Verified: March 1, 2024

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: COVID19; vaccination
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Coronavirus Infections; Coronaviridae Infections; Nidovirales Infections; RNA Virus Infections; Virus Diseases; Infections; Respiratory Tract Infections; Respiratory Tract Diseases; Pneumonia, Viral; Pneumonia; Lung Diseases; COVID-19
• Other Study ID Numbers: 27165; P30AG034532 (U.S. NIH Grant/Contract)

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: NO
• IPD Plan Description: Our partner will not allow data sharing. Code will be shared.

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No