Mixed Presentation on Social Media

Mixed Presentation of Content on Social Media and Its Relevant Impacts on Recall of Tobacco Related Information

This study is to understand how the presentation of information on social media influences processing and recall of information, particularly in relation to modified risk tobacco products. Participants will see a social media site where either (a) the topic of discussion varies between each post or (b) posts on the same topic are grouped together. They will then be asked to recall information about the posts they saw on the site.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Tobacco Use; Tobacco Dependence
• Intervention / Treatment: Behavioral: Mixed-Presentation of Content

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 828
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• United States
  • Pennsylvania
    • Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States, 19104
      • Annenberg School for Communication

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 years and older (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Must be a current or former smoker

Exclusion Criteria:

-

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Basic Science
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: Single

Number of Arms

4

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: High-Mixed Presentation / Current Smoker; Current smokers receive a social media feed with a high-mixed presentation of content.	Behavioral: Mixed-Presentation of Content; Participants in the high-mixed presentation of content conditions will receive a social media feed that varies greatly between topics, so that each subsequent post is on a different topic. In the low-mixed presentation of content condition, participants will be shown posts on any given topic grouped together.
Experimental: Low-Mixed Presentation / Current Smoker; Current smokers receive a social media feed with a low-mixed presentation of content.	Behavioral: Mixed-Presentation of Content; Participants in the high-mixed presentation of content conditions will receive a social media feed that varies greatly between topics, so that each subsequent post is on a different topic. In the low-mixed presentation of content condition, participants will be shown posts on any given topic grouped together.
Experimental: High-Mixed Presentation / Former Smoker; Former smokers receive a social media feed with a high-mixed presentation of content.	Behavioral: Mixed-Presentation of Content; Participants in the high-mixed presentation of content conditions will receive a social media feed that varies greatly between topics, so that each subsequent post is on a different topic. In the low-mixed presentation of content condition, participants will be shown posts on any given topic grouped together.
Experimental: Low-Mixed Presentation / Former Smoker; Former smokers receive a social media feed with a low-mixed presentation of content.	Behavioral: Mixed-Presentation of Content; Participants in the high-mixed presentation of content conditions will receive a social media feed that varies greatly between topics, so that each subsequent post is on a different topic. In the low-mixed presentation of content condition, participants will be shown posts on any given topic grouped together.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Recall of precise information	Binary outcome as to whether the individual can recognize the specific text from a social media post as having appeared or not appeared on the social media site.	During experiment
Recall of general information	Binary outcome as to whether the individual can recognize the content from a social media post as having appeared or not appeared on the social media site, but not necessarily the specific wording used.	During experiment
Recall of source category	Binary outcome as to whether the individual can recognize the type of source (e.g. government/media) that presented a piece of information on the social media site.	During experiment
Recall of precise source	Binary outcome as to whether the individual can recognize the exact source that presented a piece of information on the social media site.	During experiment

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Attention paid during use of the site (self-report)	A series of questions pertaining attention paid during use of the social media site. These are then combined into a single self-report measure.	During experiment
Attention paid during use of the site (behavioral)	Time spent consuming relevant posts on the social media site between conditions.	During experiment
Attitude towards smoking cessation	Change in the interest in smoking between the pre- and post-test among current smokers. Measured with one self-report item.	During experiment
Attitude towards novel tobacco products	Attitude/interest in trying alternative tobacco products (e.g. e-cigarettes, heated tobacco) in the post-test.	During experiment
Belief of heated tobacco safety	Measure of how safe the individual believes heated tobacco is in comparison to cigarette use.	During experiment

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: University of Pennsylvania
• Collaborators: Food and Drug Administration (FDA)

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): November 15, 2021
• Primary Completion (Actual): February 18, 2022
• Study Completion (Actual): August 10, 2022

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: October 1, 2021
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: October 1, 2021
• First Posted (Actual): October 4, 2021

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): October 28, 2022
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: October 25, 2022
• Last Verified: October 1, 2022

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: Tobacco; Tobacco Use; Social Media; Modified Risk Tobacco Products; Information Recall
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Mental Disorders; Chemically-Induced Disorders; Substance-Related Disorders; Tobacco Use Disorder
• Other Study ID Numbers: 849610

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No
• product manufactured in and exported from the U.S.: No