Reliability and Validity of the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia

May 18, 2023 updated by: UMUT ERASLAN, Pamukkale University

Reliability and Validity of the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia in Patients With Traumatic Hand-forearm Injuries

The aim of this study was to investigate the validity and reliability of the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia (TSK) in patients with traumatic hand and forearm injuries.

A total of 170 patients with traumatic hand-forearm injuries with a mean age of 37.57±11.85 (18-63) years were included in the study. TSK, Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS) and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) were applied to the patients in the first session. Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia was re-administered 15 days after the first session. Test-retest reliability, internal consistency, and construct validity of the TSK were evaluated. In addition, exploratory factor analysis was applied.

Study Overview

Status

Completed

Conditions

Intervention / Treatment

Study Type

Observational

Enrollment (Actual)

170

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • Turkey
    • Kınıklı
      • Denizli, Kınıklı, Turkey, 20070
        • Pamukkale University

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Adult
  • Older Adult

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Sampling Method

Non-Probability Sample

Study Population

The patients between the ages of 18-65 who were referred to the hand rehabilitation unit due to traumatic hand and forearm injuries, those who did not have any neurological, orthopedic, rheumatological disease or surgery history in the relevant extremity and those who did not have communication problems were eligible to participate in the study.

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • patients who had traumatic hand and forearm injuries
  • being 18-65 years old

Exclusion Criteria:

  • patients who have neurological, orthopedic, rheumatological disease or surgery history in the relevant extremity
  • patients who have communication problems

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

Cohorts and Interventions

Group / Cohort
Intervention / Treatment
patients with traumatic hand-forearm injuries
The patients between the ages of 18-65 who were referred to the hand rehabilitation unit due to traumatic hand and forearm injuries, those who did not have any neurological, orthopedic, rheumatological disease or surgery history in the relevant extremity and those who did not have communication problems were eligible to participate in the study.
Other: conducting questionnaires
The patients were administered TSK, Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) by face to face interview technique.
Other: assesment of the severity and pain
The Modified Hand Injury Scoring System (MHISS) to determine the severity of the injury, and Visual Analog Scale (VAS) to evaluate perceived pain levels were used.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia (change)
Time Frame: The evaluation were completed in the first session when the patient applied to the hand rehabilitation unit, and it was also repeated 15 days after the first session. The exact time is post-operative/post-injury 2nd week and 4th week. Change
TSK was developed in 1991 (Miller, Kori, & Todd, 1991), but was not published until 1995 (Liu et al., 2021). It is a 17-item scale and is scored with a 4-point Likert scale (1= Strongly disagree, 4= Strongly agree). A total score ranging from 17 to 68 was obtained after reversing items 4, 8, 12 and 16. The higher the score, the higher the kinesiophobia degree. The Turkish version of the questionnaire has been developed (Yilmaz, Yakut, Uygur, & Uluğ, 2011). The cut-off score of the TSK has been reported as 37 (Wertli, Rasmussen-Barr, Weiser, Bachmann, & Brunner, 2014).
The evaluation were completed in the first session when the patient applied to the hand rehabilitation unit, and it was also repeated 15 days after the first session. The exact time is post-operative/post-injury 2nd week and 4th week. Change
Pain Catastrophizing Scale
Time Frame: The evaluation were completed in the first session for once when the patient applied to the hand rehabilitation unit. The exact time is post-operative/post-injury 2nd week.
PCS is a scale developed to determine the catastrophic thoughts or feelings about pain experience and ineffective coping skills (Sullivan, Bishop, & Pivik, 1995). It consists of 13 items and three sub-factors: helplessness, magnification and rumination. A Likert-type scale scored between 0-4 is used to obtain a total score ranging from 0 to 52. High score indicates that patients' catastrophizing levels are also high. The Turkish validity-reliability study of the questionnaire was conducted (Ugurlu, Karakas Ugurlu, Erten, & Caykoylu, 2017).
The evaluation were completed in the first session for once when the patient applied to the hand rehabilitation unit. The exact time is post-operative/post-injury 2nd week.
Beck Anxiety Inventory
Time Frame: The evaluation were completed in the first session for once when the patient applied to the hand rehabilitation unit. The exact time is post-operative/post-injury 2nd week.
BAI is a self-report scale developed by Beck et al. and used to determine the frequency of anxiety symptoms (Beck, Epstein, Brown, & Steer, 1988). It is a Likert-type scale consisting of 21 items each scored between 0 and 3. Turkish validity and reliability were performed by Ulusoy et al (Ulusoy, Sahin, & Erkmen, 1998).
The evaluation were completed in the first session for once when the patient applied to the hand rehabilitation unit. The exact time is post-operative/post-injury 2nd week.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Modified Hand Injury Scoring System
Time Frame: The evaluation were completed in the first session for once when the patient applied to the hand rehabilitation unit.The exact time is post-operative/post-injury 2nd week.
MHISS is a scoring system developed to determine injury severity in hand and forearm injuries in 4 components: integument (skin and nail), skeletal (bone and ligament), motor (tendon) and neurovascular (nerve and vascular). Each component includes absolute scores and weighted scores considering the functional importance of the affected ray. If there are additional factors such as wound contamination, a compound fracture, crush, or avulsion, the total score for each component is doubled. All anatomical structures missing due to amputation are scored as damaged. The total MHISS is obtained by summing up the scores of all components and divided into four categories as minor (<20), moderate (21-50), severe (51-100) and major (> 101) injuries (Urso-Baiarda et al., 2008).
The evaluation were completed in the first session for once when the patient applied to the hand rehabilitation unit.The exact time is post-operative/post-injury 2nd week.
Visual Analogue Scale
Time Frame: The evaluation were completed in the first session for once when the patient applied to the hand rehabilitation unit.The exact time is post-operative/post-injury 2nd week.
The pain severity of the patients was evaluated using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). "0" indicates no pain, and "10" indicates the most severe pain perceived. Perceived pain levels were questioned during sleeping, resting and activity.
The evaluation were completed in the first session for once when the patient applied to the hand rehabilitation unit.The exact time is post-operative/post-injury 2nd week.

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Pamukkale University

Investigators

  • Study Chair: ALI KITIS, Professor, Pamukkale University Faculty of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation

Publications and helpful links

The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.

General Publications

  • Miller RP, Kori SH, Todd DD. The Tampa Scale: a Measure of Kinisophobia. The Clinical Journal of Pain.1991;7(1).
  • LUNDBERG MKE, STYF Jorma, CARLSSON SG. A psychometric evaluation of the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia-from a physiotherapeutic perspective. Physiotherapy theory and practice. 2004; 20(2): 121-133.

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

November 29, 2018

Primary Completion (Actual)

March 1, 2020

Study Completion (Actual)

March 1, 2023

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

May 8, 2023

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

May 18, 2023

First Posted (Actual)

May 26, 2023

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

May 26, 2023

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

May 18, 2023

Last Verified

May 1, 2023

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

  • 60116787-020/81396

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

UNDECIDED

IPD Plan Description

Individual participant data is available to other researchers upon request.

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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