Experiment Among Smokers in Which Two Variables Are Manipulated: Ostracism and Concealability

June 11, 2024 updated by: Marie Helweg-Larsen, Dickinson College

Study 3: The Experimental Examination of Ostracism and Concealability on Gendered Stigma Smoking Outcomes

The goal of this experimental study is to learn about the effects of ostracism and concealment among adult smokers. The main aims are:

  1. Determine the causal consequences of gendered stigmatization. Specifically, do women react more strongly than men to exclusion (as opposed to inclusion) especially when their gender is revealed (as opposed to concealed) for outcomes such as smoking stigma, stress, cognitive depletion, smoking attitudes, and smoking cessation intentions (Study 3)?
  2. Examine the moderating roles of cultural context. Specifically, contrasting the cultural context in the US and Denmark (where gender norms are more egalitarian) do Danish smokers show fewer gender differences than US smokers in how they describe and react to their smoking stigmatization experiences (Study 1, 2, and 3)?

Study Overview

Status

Not yet recruiting

Conditions

Intervention / Treatment

Detailed Description

The proposed studies examine cross-culturally the reasons why among smokers, women feel more stigmatized than men do. An experiment with US and Danish smokers will examine how men and women differ in their reactions to being stigmatized (using a standard exclusion manipulation) when their gender is revealed instead of concealed. The outcome measures will include stress, smoking stigma, cognitive depletion, smoking attitudes, and smoking cessation intentions.

Study Type

Interventional

Enrollment (Estimated)

340

Phase

  • Not Applicable

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Adult
  • Older Adult

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • daily smoker who smoker more than 5 cigarettes daily and have smoked for at least 1 year
  • speak English reside in the United States

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Basic Science
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Factorial Assignment
  • Masking: Single

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm
Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Ostracism
Ostracism is manipulated by randomly assigning people to the inclusion condition (they play an online ball tossing game and get the ball passed a third of the time) or exclusion condition (they get the ball passed twice in the beginning of the game and then not again).
Behavioral: Do men and women differ in their reactions to the experimental conditions.
Do men and women differ in their reactions to the experimental conditions.
Experimental: Concealment
Concealment is manipulated by randomly assigning the participants to information that the other players did (revealed condition) or did not know (concealed condition) the gender of the participant.
Behavioral: Do men and women differ in their reactions to the experimental conditions.
Do men and women differ in their reactions to the experimental conditions.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Cognitive depletion
Time Frame: 10 min
The Stroop Color-Word Interference Test measures the executive control needed to suppress reading a word and instead naming the color of the word. The test will be adminstered once immediately after the experimental task.
10 min

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Dickinson College

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Estimated)

May 1, 2028

Primary Completion (Estimated)

July 1, 2028

Study Completion (Estimated)

December 1, 2028

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

June 4, 2024

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

June 11, 2024

First Posted (Actual)

June 17, 2024

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

June 17, 2024

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

June 11, 2024

Last Verified

June 1, 2024

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Other Study ID Numbers

  • MHLStudy3

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

YES

IPD Sharing Supporting Information Type

  • STUDY_PROTOCOL
  • SAP
  • ICF
  • ANALYTIC_CODE
  • CSR

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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