The Effect of Stress, Anxiety, and Depression Experienced by Pregnant Women on Sleep Bruxism and Oral Health

The Effect of Stress, Anxiety, and Depression Experienced by Pregnant Women on Sleep Bruxism and Oral Health: Cross-sectional Study

Background The oral health of pregnant women affects not only the systemic health of the mother but also the birth outcome of the fetus. Therefore, oral health management of pregnant women is important for both maternal and fetal health.

Objectives The study aimed to examine the effects of stress, anxiety, and depression experienced by pregnant women on sleep bruxism and oral health.

Methodology This cross-sectional study was conducted between September and November 2023 on 321 pregnant women who volunteered to participate in the study by posting on social media forum pages via the web. Data were collected using the Personal Information Form, Depression-Anxiety-Stress Scale (DASS-21), and Oral Health Impact Scale (OHIP-14-TR). Descriptive statistical methods, the Kruskal-Wallis test, Mann-Whitney-U test, and Spearman correlation test were used to analyze the data.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Depression; Stress; Anxiety; Pregnancy Related; Oral Disease; Sleep Bruxism, Adult
• Intervention / Treatment: Other: Pregnant

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 321
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Turkey
  • Bartin, Turkey, 78100
    • Bartın University

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: Adult
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Pregnant women over the age of 18 who were pregnant, diagnosed with sleep bruxism, and who could read and write were included in the study.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Women who refused to participate in the study, who could not be contacted, who had serious dental health problems in the last six months, who had dentures, who had serious stress disorder in the last six months, who filled out the data collection form incompletely, who had hearing-vision problems or intellectual disability, and who had diagnosed psychological illness were not included in this study.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Supportive Care
• Allocation: N/A
• Interventional Model: Single Group Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Depression-Anxiety-Stress Scale	Sarıçam (2018) adapted the scale developed by Lovibond and Lovibond (1995) into Turkish. In the scale consisting of depression, anxiety, and stress sub-dimensions, each sub-dimension consists of seven items. Scale items are scored from 0 to 3 (0=never and 3=always). Scores between 0 and 21 can be obtained from the scale sub-factors. Higher scores indicate higher levels of depression, anxiety, and stress.	1 day (collected once)
Oral Health Impact Scale	Oral Health Impact Scale (OHIP-14) with an internal consistency coefficient (Cronbach alpha) of 0.74, which was conducted by Başol et al. in 2014 for Turkish validity and reliability. The scale consists of 14 items with a 5-point Likert response scale (never-0; rarely-1; sometimes-2; often-3; very often-4) and seven subscales, each consisting of two items: functional limitation, physical pain, psychological discomfort, physical disability, psychological disability, social disability, and handicap. The total score obtained from the scale is obtained by summing the scores given to each item, and the total scale score range varies between 0 and 56.	1 day (collected once)

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Trakya University

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): September 1, 2023
• Primary Completion (Actual): September 1, 2023
• Study Completion (Actual): November 30, 2023

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: July 21, 2024
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: July 24, 2024
• First Posted (Actual): July 25, 2024

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): July 25, 2024
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: July 24, 2024
• Last Verified: July 1, 2024

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Behavioral Symptoms; Mental Disorders; Nervous System Diseases; Mood Disorders; Sleep Wake Disorders; Stomatognathic Diseases; Parasomnias; Tooth Diseases; Depression; Depressive Disorder; Anxiety Disorders; Bruxism; Mouth Diseases; Sleep Bruxism
• Other Study ID Numbers: 2023-SBB-0546

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: UNDECIDED

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No