Effect of Planned Education on Health Beliefs and Fatalism in Women at High Risk of Breast Cancer

November 14, 2024 updated by: Gülsen Calıs, Ege University

Purpose: This project aims to examine the effects of planned education on health beliefs and fatalism in women at high risk of breast cancer. When national and international literature was examined, no project was found in which the health beliefs and fatalism of high-risk women in breast cancer were determined and then the results were evaluated by implementing a planned education. Therefore, planning an original project in this field aims to contribute to the literature.

Scope and Target Group: The project will be carried out with women who applied to Ordu Education and Research Hospital Family Medicine and General Surgery Breast Polyclinic within the borders of Ordu province and who received 301 and above points from the breast cancer risk assessment form (N=72). Ordu University Education and Research Hospital is a hospital that provides services with an affiliation protocol within the framework of the "Regulation on the Methods and Principles of Cooperation with the Joint Use of the Institutions and Organizations of the Ministry of Health and its Affiliated Organizations and the Relevant Units of State Universities".

Method and Expected Result: The project was planned as a randomized controlled experimental follow-up study with a pre-test-post-test control group design in order to examine the effect of planned education on health beliefs and fatalism in women at high risk of breast cancer. Planned education intervention will be applied to women at high risk of breast cancer whose health beliefs and fatalistic tendencies have been determined. Planned education will provide breast self-examination (BSE) on the model closest to human tissue, and pathologies related to breast cancer will be detected on the model by touching the model. An approach based on raising awareness of breast cancer and learning early diagnosis methods through doing and living experience will be provided. Therefore, it is expected that the planned education applied by doing and experiencing on a model close to human tissue will be effective in gaining and implementing health behaviors in women with known health beliefs and fatalistic tendencies at high risk of breast cancer. In addition, it is expected that the application by doing and experiencing will be effective in gaining permanent health behaviors.

Study Overview

Status

Enrolling by invitation

Conditions

Intervention / Treatment

Detailed Description

Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in women, accounting for approximately 12% of cancer cases. According to the World Health Organization, 2.3 million women were diagnosed with breast cancer in 2020, and 685,000 people lost their lives. Breast cancer ranks second in cancer death statistics in Turkey. Approximately 15,000 women are diagnosed with breast cancer every year. The incidence is highest in the 25-49 age group with 35.6%.The increase in breast cancer prevalence rates in the world and in Turkey and the decreasing age of onset show how important it is to increase public awareness of this issue and their participation in screening programs. Today, 30-50% of cancer can be prevented. This can be achieved by avoiding risk factors and implementing existing evidence-based prevention strategies. Some of the prevention strategies are; reaching women at risk for breast cancer, early diagnosis, and providing health behaviors through education.

The American Cancer Society states that there are women at high risk for breast cancer, and that factors such as gender, age, history, family history, early menarche, etc. that increase the risk factor should be evaluated In this context, it is necessary to evaluate breast cancer risk status correctly. Models aimed at predicting the risk of developing cancer are useful for implementing prevention strategies such as planning education and providing counseling In Turkey, the 'Breast Cancer Risk Assessment Form' is used for calculations aimed at predicting the risk of developing breast cancer. Thus, the risk status in breast cancer can be determined and early precautions can be taken according to the situation. Early stage diagnosis in breast cancer provides a good prognosis and is of critical importance for long-term survival. In this project, reaching high-risk women in breast cancer using the 'Breast Cancer Risk Assessment Form' and calculating their risk levels is seen as an important gain.

The probability of recovery is high for many early-diagnosed cancers. Especially considering that the age at which breast cancer screening begins varies among high-risk women, reaching these high-risk women at the right time in society, ensuring that individual risk is calculated and perceived correctly, is important for gaining health behaviors appropriate for early diagnosis methods. In this direction; It is necessary to gain health behaviors such as early diagnosis methods such as breast self-examination (BSE), clinical breast examination (CBE) and mammography to high-risk women in breast cancer through planned education. Another gain of this project is to gain health behaviors in early diagnosis in breast cancer through planned education.

Global Breast Cancer Initiative (GBCI); recommends disseminating early diagnosis methods and creating breast cancer awareness for health promotion and development Awareness can only be achieved through educational activities carried out within the framework of a developed plan. It is stated that women have information needs (treatment, breast cancer symptoms and breast self-examination) and support needs (learning to do BSE, women's concerns for themselves and their relatives, having professional breast examination at the health institution) in breast cancer prevention. In this context, the importance of planned education is increasing in order to provide information and support needs in breast cancer prevention. The importance of providing planned education to women is also emphasized in many studies. The selection of the method in the planned education should be in a way that will meet the information and support needs. Especially BSE; It becomes more permanent when it provides experience-based learning through 'doing, living' on a breast model. In this project, especially with a planned education based on 'doing, living' experience-based learning, providing women at high risk of breast cancer with the experience of feeling and finding breast cancer signs and symptoms on a 'breast model', experiencing pathological formations and performing BSE examination skills with steps, and ensuring the permanence of health behavior is seen as an important gain.

On the other hand, it is stated that the health belief status and fatalism approach of the individual are also important for the early diagnosis behaviors of breast cancer to be permanent. These health beliefs can be preventive or supportive in some cases. Fatalism and health belief are important predictors in the potential emergence of the behavior.Therefore, knowing and measuring the health belief and fatalism status of women is important for women at high risk of breast cancer. Another output of the project is the measurement of the health beliefs and fatalism status of women at high risk of breast cancer.

Study Type

Interventional

Enrollment (Estimated)

72

Phase

  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • Turkey
    • İzmir
      • Bornova, İzmir, Turkey, 35030
        • Ege Universty

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Adult
  • Older Adult

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Being 30 years of age or older, Being at least literate, Getting a score of 301 or higher from the Breast Cancer Risk Assessment Form, Not having vision or hearing loss that would prevent communication, Accepting participation in the study voluntarily.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Being a healthcare professional,

    • Having received genetic counseling for breast cancer due to a breast cancer diagnosis in a 1st, 2nd or 3rd degree relative,
    • Having received breast cancer early diagnosis training within the last 1 year,
    • Those who were diagnosed with breast cancer and received treatment during the study period will not be included in the study

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Screening
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: Single

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm
Intervention / Treatment
No Intervention: control group
No application will be made to the control group. After the research is completed, a planned training program can be applied to the experimental group upon request by the researcher within the framework of ethical responsibilities.
Experimental: experiment group
A one-session planned training program will be applied to the experimental group.
Behavioral: IMPLEMENTATION OF A PLANNED EDUCATION PROGRAM ON HEALTH BELIEF MODEL AND FATUALIST TENDENCIES IN WOMEN AT HIGH RISK OF BREAST CANCER
Description: By examining the parameters of the health belief model and fatalism scales, 6 targets were determined for these scale parameters. The targets were prepared to gain early diagnosis behaviors in breast cancer. By using the breast model, the behavior will be demonstrated in practice

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Champion's Health Belief Model Scale
Time Frame: 15 days
The health belief model scale will be applied to the experimental and control groups. Pre-test-post-test data to evaluate the effectiveness of the intervention for nurses who will attempt to change/improve women's beliefs and behaviors regarding breast cancer and screening behaviors. In the Turkish adaptation of the scale. CSİMO has 6 sub-dimensions and the items are listed in the order of the data below. Each sub-dimension of the scale is evaluated separately, the total score including the entire scale is not calculated. Women who score low on the "perception of obstacle" sub-scale and high on other sub-scales show that they have positive attitudes and beliefs
15 days

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Powe's Breast Cancer Fatalism Scale
Time Frame: 15 days
Powe's Breast Cancer Fatalism Scale will be applied to the experimental and control groups. The scale consists of 11 items. It is answered as yes / no. A "yes" answer is calculated as 1 point, a "no" answer is calculated as 0 points.
15 days

Other Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
BREAST CANCER RISK ASSESSMENT FORM
Time Frame: Baseline
This is the form used by people receiving the service in the National Family Planning Service Guide (2005) to determine the risk of women from breast cancer. The form was also developed by the American Cancer Society and is recommended for use by the Ministry of Health in Turkey. The Breast Cancer Risk Assessment Form consists of six sections and 20 items. Women who receive 301 and above from this form are included in the study.
Baseline

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Ege University

Investigators

  • Principal Investigator: gülşen çalış, gulsencalis81@gmail.com

Publications and helpful links

The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.

General Publications

Helpful Links

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

January 17, 2023

Primary Completion (Estimated)

December 30, 2024

Study Completion (Estimated)

September 30, 2025

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

October 20, 2024

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

November 14, 2024

First Posted (Actual)

November 15, 2024

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

November 15, 2024

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

November 14, 2024

Last Verified

October 1, 2024

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

  • 23-4.1T/56

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

NO

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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