An AI-Generated, Personalized Question Prompt List Intervention for Patients With Hematologic Cancers

May 28, 2026 updated by: Washington University School of Medicine

Feasibility and Preliminary Efficacy of GPT-QPL: An AI-Generated, Personalized Question Prompt List Intervention for Patients With Hematologic Cancers

The goal of this study is to evaluate the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of an artificial intelligence (AI)-generated personalized question prompt list (a list of suggested questions to ask during outpatient appointments) for patients with hematologic cancers. The intervention will involve tailoring a standardized prompt to patients' individual characteristics and concerns. This prompt will then be used to ask Washington University's (WashU) HIPAA compliant ChatGPT to generate personalized question lists for outpatient appointments. Analyses will assess the impact of personalized QPLs on patients' question-asking behavior; communicative self-efficacy; and self-reported amount and satisfaction with information obtained about their disease and its treatment. Sub-analyses will explore patterns in questions generated by WashU ChatGPT. Patients will also provide feedback pertaining to the perceived helpfulness and ease-of-use of WashU-ChatGPT-generated question lists, as well as their attitudes and intentions regarding use of AI chatbots and whether they would engage in pre-appointment AI-assisted question brainstorming independently in the future.

Study Overview

Status

Recruiting

Conditions

Intervention / Treatment

Study Type

Interventional

Enrollment (Estimated)

40

Phase

  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Contact

Study Locations

  • United States
    • Missouri
      • St Louis, Missouri, United States, 63110
        • Recruiting
        • Washington University School of Medicine
        • Contact:
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Jessica Hahne, MA, MPH
        • Sub-Investigator:
          • Brian D Carpenter, Ph.D.

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Adult
  • Older Adult

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Description

Eligibility Criteria as determined by Electronic Health Record (EHR) Screening:

  • Documented diagnosis of lymphoma, as defined by ICD-10 codes C81-C88 or multiple myeloma, as defined by ICD codes C90.0-C90.02

  • Has a scheduled follow-up appointment at a participating outpatient oncology clinic within the next month. Participating clinics include:

    • Dr. David Russler-Germain: Outpatient Lymphoma Clinic
    • Dr. Michael Slade: Outpatient Multiple Myeloma Clinic
    • Dr. Dilan Patel: Outpatient Lymphoma Clinic

  • Undergoing infusion or injection-based systemic therapy intended to cure or manage the disease, as opposed to regimens delivered solely for palliative purposes, at a frequency of once every 1-4 weeks.

    • For eligible patients with lymphoma, this includes, but is not limited to, commonly prescribed treatment combinations such as R-CHOP (Rituximab, Cyclophosphamide, Doxorubicin/Hydroxydaunorubicin, Vincristine, and Prednisone) for Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma, or ABVD (Adriamycin/Doxorubicin, Bleomycin, Vinblastine, and Dacarbazine) for Hodgkin Lymphoma-both regimens that are frequently administered every three weeks
    • For patients with multiple myeloma, eligibility will include patients in the "induction" phase of chemotherapy treatment, which frequently requires patients to come in for outpatient appointments once every four weeks as well as patients in a maintenance phase of treatment that otherwise requires them to attend outpatient appointments at a frequency of every one to four weeks
  • Between the ages of 18-99 at enrollment (Patients older than 99 will be excluded so that the study team is able to elicit questions from WashU ChatGPT using a standardized prompt that describes the patient's age only as specifically as a 10-year decade range (i.e., "I am a patient in my 20's, 30's, 40's, etc. Patients who are 18 or 19 years old will be described in the following manner: "I am a young adult patient in my late teens").
  • Able to consent to medical care independently (does not have a legally authorized representative or documented diagnosis of cognitive impairment)

Eligibility Criteria as determined by subsequent recruitment phone call or In-person approach after a clinic appointment:

  • Does not have visual impairments or English literacy limitations that would interfere with ability to engage in an intervention that requires being able to read material on an electronic device and on paper and communicate aloud during appointments with health care providers, based on patient self-report
  • Able to use email (consent form will be distributed electronically through DocuSign and associated emails), based on successful completion of electronic informed consent

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Health Services Research
  • Allocation: N/A
  • Interventional Model: Single Group Assignment
  • Masking: None (Open Label)

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm
Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: GPT-QPL: An AI-Generated, Personalized Question Prompt List
Participants will complete surveys at appointment 1 (pre-intervention) and after being provided the AI-Generated, Personalized Question Prompt List at appointment 2 (post-intervention).
Other: GPT-QPL
A research team member will generate a QPL that is personalized to the patient's demographics (from EHR screening and Baseline Demographic Survey) and concerns (from Distress Thermometer Problem Checklist and Interview).
Other Names:
  • AI-Generated, Personalized Question Prompt List

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Changes in communicative self-efficacy
Time Frame: Appointment 1 (pre-intervention) and appointment 2 (post-intervention) (estimated to be 12 weeks)
  • Communicative self-efficacy is measured by Self-efficacy survey .
  • Dependent samples t-tests will be used to assess within-subject changes.
  • The Self-Efficacy survey consists of two scales containing 10 questions each, with answers ranging from 1=not successful to 5=very successful or 1=not confident to 5=very confident. The total score on each scale ranges from 10-50 with a higher score on Scale 1 (the PEPPI-5) representing higher self-efficacy related to communicating with physicians in general and a higher score on Scale 2 (researcher-designed questions based on Social Cognitive Theory) representing higher self-perceived success at communication with the physician during the immediately preceding appointment.
Appointment 1 (pre-intervention) and appointment 2 (post-intervention) (estimated to be 12 weeks)

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Changes in perceived amount of cancer information received as measured by an abbreviated version the EORTC QLQ - INFO25
Time Frame: Appointment 1 (pre-intervention) and appointment 2 (post-intervention) (estimated to be 12 weeks)
  • Dependent samples t-tests will be used to assess within-subject changes.
  • The abbreviated version of the EORTC QLQ-INFO 25 being used for this outcome consists of three scales containing a total of 13 questions ranging from 1=not at all to 4=very much. Raw scores are converted using linear transformations. The total score range for each scale is 0-100. A higher score on Scale 1 represents a higher perceived degree of information received about cancer diagnosis, a higher score on Scale 2 represents a higher perceived degree of information received about medical tests, and a higher score on Scale 3 represents a higher perceived degree of information received about cancer treatment.
Appointment 1 (pre-intervention) and appointment 2 (post-intervention) (estimated to be 12 weeks)
Changes in satisfaction with cancer information received as measured by the EORTC QLQ - INFO25
Time Frame: Appointment 1 (pre-intervention) and appointment 2 (post-intervention) (estimated to be 12 weeks)
  • Dependent samples t-tests will be used to assess within-subject changes.
  • An additional single item scale from the EORTC QLQ - INFO 25 will be used to measure satisfaction with cancer information received. The answer ranges from 1=not at all to 4=very much. The raw score is converted using the same linear transformation as other EORTC QLQ-INFO 25 scales. The total score range is 0-100, and a higher score represents higher satisfaction with cancer information received.
Appointment 1 (pre-intervention) and appointment 2 (post-intervention) (estimated to be 12 weeks)
Changes in the number of questions asked during appointments
Time Frame: Appointment 1 (pre-intervention) and appointment 2 (post-intervention) (estimated to be 12 weeks)
  • Number of questions asked is measured by audio recordings of the clinic appointments.
  • Dependent samples t-tests will be used to assess within-subject changes.
Appointment 1 (pre-intervention) and appointment 2 (post-intervention) (estimated to be 12 weeks)
Changes in self-reported degree of intention to use AI chatbots for healthcare tasks
Time Frame: Appointment 1 (pre-intervention) and appointment 2 (post-intervention) (estimated to be 12 weeks)
  • Self-reported degree of intention is measured by one-item AI Chatbot Use survey consisting of a 7-point Likert Scale question asking how frequently participants intend to use AI chatbots for healthcare tasks within the next month. The answer ranges from 1=Never to 7=Several times a day. The total score range is 1-7, and a higher score represents more frequent intended use of AI chatbots for healthcare tasks.
  • Dependent samples t-tests will be used to assess within-subject changes.
Appointment 1 (pre-intervention) and appointment 2 (post-intervention) (estimated to be 12 weeks)

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Washington University School of Medicine

Investigators

  • Principal Investigator: Jessica Hahne, MA, MPH, Washington University School of Medicine

Publications and helpful links

The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.

Helpful Links

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

December 26, 2025

Primary Completion (Estimated)

August 31, 2026

Study Completion (Estimated)

August 31, 2026

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

November 7, 2025

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

November 7, 2025

First Posted (Actual)

November 12, 2025

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

June 1, 2026

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

May 28, 2026

Last Verified

May 1, 2026

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

  • 202509134

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

NO

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

Clinical Trials on Lymphoma

Clinical Trials on GPT-QPL

Search Similar Trials

Sponsors and Collaborators

Medical Conditions

Drug Interventions

CROs by country

CROs in Uzbekistan

Conditions

Rare Diseases

Drug Interventions

Dietary Supplements

Sponsor/Collaborators

Locations

Subscribe