The Relationship Between Power Sleep and Sleep Quality, Depression, and Stress Levels in University Students

December 18, 2025 updated by: okkes zortuk

Evaluation of the Effect of Daytime Power Napping on Depression, Stress and Sleep According to Working Method: Prospective Cohort Study

This prospective cohort study aims to evaluate the effects of daily daytime power napping on sleep quality, depression, and perceived stress levels among healthy individuals. The study particularly investigates whether these effects differ between daytime workers and shift workers. Participants are required to practice a 15-20 minute (maximum 30 minutes) power nap daily for a period of six weeks. Changes in psychological and sleep parameters are assessed using the Jenkins Sleep Scale (JSS), Beck Depression Scale (BDS), and Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) before and after the intervention.

Study Overview

Status

Completed

Conditions

Intervention / Treatment

Detailed Description

The study was conducted with 40 healthy volunteers (including 29 daytime workers and 11 shift workers) to analyze the impact of daytime napping on mental health and sleep hygiene.

Methodology: At the beginning of the study, participants' demographic information was collected, and baseline assessments were performed using the Jenkins Sleep Scale (JSS) for sleep patterns, the Beck Depression Scale (BDS) for depressive symptoms, and the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) for stress levels.

Intervention: Participants were instructed to take a short nap (power nap) between 1:00 PM and 3:00 PM for daytime workers, or at suitable intervals for shift workers, every day for 6 weeks. The duration of the nap was strictly limited to 15-30 minutes to avoid sleep inertia.

Evaluation: After the 6-week intervention period, the same scales (JSS, BDS, and PSS) were administered as a post-test. The data were analyzed to compare the pre-test and post-test scores, with a focus on the differences in outcomes between different work schedules (shift vs. daytime). The study adheres to the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the Dicle University Social Sciences and Humanities Ethics Committee.

Study Type

Interventional

Enrollment (Actual)

40

Phase

  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • Turkey (Türkiye)
    • Diyarbakar
      • Diyarbakır, Diyarbakar, Turkey (Türkiye), 21000
        • Dicle University

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Adult
  • Older Adult

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Being a healthy volunteer.
  • Being actively employed as either a daytime worker or a shift worker.
  • Providing written informed consent to participate in the study.
  • Willingness to adhere to a 6-week daytime power napping protocol.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Presence of diagnosed severe sleep disorders (e.g., severe insomnia or sleep apnea) that might interfere with the study protocol.
  • Inability to complete the 6-week power napping intervention.
  • Missing or incomplete psychological scale data at baseline or post-test.
  • Failure to perform the power nap as instructed during the study period.

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Supportive Care
  • Allocation: N/A
  • Interventional Model: Single Group Assignment
  • Masking: None (Open Label)

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm
Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Daytime Power Nap Group
A group of 40 participants who are instructed to perform a 15-20 minute power nap daily for 6 weeks.
Behavioral: Daytime Power Napping

The duration, effectiveness, and method of intervention in this area should be clearly stated:

Duration Per Session: Each nap is planned to be between 15-20 minutes, and limited to a maximum of 30 minutes to prevent sleepiness (sleep inertia).

Total Duration: The intervention is a 6-week process. Target Group: 40 healthy volunteers (including day and shift workers). Goal: To enhance the privacy of sleep in daily life, reduce virus spread, and decrease stress.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Change in Sleep Quality as measured by the Jenkins Sleep Scale
Time Frame: Baseline (Day 0) and at the end of the 6-week intervention period.
The JSS is a 4-item scale used to assess sleep problems, specifically focusing on difficulties falling asleep and maintaining sleep quality. Each item is scored on a 6-point Likert scale (0-20 total range). Higher scores indicate more sleep problems.
Baseline (Day 0) and at the end of the 6-week intervention period.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Change in Depressive Symptoms as measured by the Beck Depression Scale (BDS/BDI)
Time Frame: Baseline (Day 0) and at the end of the 6-week intervention period.
The BDS consists of 21 questions designed to assess cognitive, somatic, and emotional symptoms of depression. Scores range from 0 to 63. Higher scores indicate more severe depressive symptoms.
Baseline (Day 0) and at the end of the 6-week intervention period.
Change in Perceived Stress as measured by the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS).
Time Frame: Baseline (Day 0) and at the end of the 6-week intervention period.
The 10-item version of the PSS measures an individual's perception of stress in their current situation. It includes two sub-dimensions: "perception of inadequate self-efficacy" and "perception of stress discomfort". Higher scores indicate a higher level of perceived stress.
Baseline (Day 0) and at the end of the 6-week intervention period.

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

okkes zortuk

Investigators

  • Principal Investigator: Ökkeş Zortuk, Emergency Medicine Department, Defne Government Hospital
  • Study Director: Yeşim Dersuneli, MSc, Clinical Psychology, Muş Alparslan University
  • Study Chair: Özlem Tolan, PHd, Clinical Psychology, Dicle University

Publications and helpful links

The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.

General Publications

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

December 1, 2023

Primary Completion (Actual)

January 1, 2024

Study Completion (Actual)

December 1, 2024

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

December 18, 2025

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

December 18, 2025

First Posted (Estimated)

January 2, 2026

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Estimated)

January 2, 2026

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

December 18, 2025

Last Verified

December 1, 2023

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

  • ZTKLAB003102022DSEC23092022237

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

NO

IPD Plan Description

To maintain participant confidentiality and comply with the institutional ethics committee's guidelines, individual participant data (IPD) will not be made publicly available. However, metadata and study results are reported within the manuscript.

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

Clinical Trials on Stress, Psychological

Clinical Trials on Daytime Power Napping

Search Similar Trials

Sponsors and Collaborators

Medical Conditions

Drug Interventions

CROs by country

CROs in Türkiye

Conditions

Rare Diseases

Drug Interventions

Dietary Supplements

Sponsor/Collaborators

Locations

Subscribe