Impact of Platelet-Rich Fibrin on Periodontal Tissue Regeneration

Impact of Platelet-Rich Fibrin on Periodontal Tissue Regeneration: A Randomized Controlled Trial

The purpose of this research is to assess the efficacy of Platelet-Rich Fibrin (PRF) in the regeneration of periodontal tissues in patients suffering from periodontal disease. Periodontal disease is a chronic inflammatory disease that affects the gums and the bone supporting the teeth, which can eventually result in the loss of teeth if left untreated. Conventional periodontal treatment can control the infection and halt the progression of the disease but cannot reverse the loss of the supporting structures.

Platelet-Rich Fibrin is a biologic material derived from a small amount of the patient's own blood. It has growth factors that can potentially enhance healing and facilitate the regeneration of bone and soft tissues. In this randomized controlled clinical trial, patients will be randomly assigned to either conventional periodontal surgical treatment or conventional treatment along with PRF.

Over a predetermined follow-up period, clinical measurements like gum pocket depth, attachment levels, and radiographic bone changes will be assessed to see if PRF offers any extra advantages in tissue healing and regeneration. The results of this study could improve long-term oral health outcomes and periodontal disease treatment approaches.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Periodontitis; Periodontal Intrabony Defects
• Intervention / Treatment: Procedure: Open Flap Debridement; Procedure: Platelet-Rich Fibrin with Open Flap Debridement

Detailed Description

Periodontal disease is marked by the inflammation-mediated loss of the supporting structures of the teeth, leading to the formation of periodontal pockets, loss of clinical attachment, and resorption of the alveolar bone. The regenerative aspect of periodontal therapy aims at the replacement of these lost structures to improve the stability of the teeth and their functional status in the oral environment. Platelet-Rich Fibrin (PRF), an autologous platelet concentrate derived from the centrifugation of the patient's blood, is a fibrin matrix rich in growth factors that could potentially improve wound healing, angiogenesis, and bone regeneration.

The aim of this randomized controlled clinical trial is to assess the additional role of PRF when used in combination with conventional periodontal surgical therapy compared to conventional therapy alone in patients diagnosed with periodontal defects that require surgical treatment. The participants will be randomly assigned into two groups. The control group will undergo conventional periodontal surgical therapy, while the intervention group will undergo the same surgical therapy plus PRF. The procedures will be carried out according to standardized clinical protocols to ensure uniformity among the participants.

The clinical outcomes will be measured by changes in pocket depth, clinical attachment level, and other periodontal parameters. Radiographic analysis will also be conducted to evaluate bone fill and regenerative outcomes at specific intervals. The safety of the procedure will be continuously monitored, and since the PRF is autologous, the risk of immunologic reaction is minimal.

This study will offer high-quality evidence on the effectiveness of PRF as a regenerative tool in periodontal therapy and may help in making better clinical decisions in the treatment of periodontal defects.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 60
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Pakistan
  • Rawalpindi, Pakistan, 46000
    • Armed Forces Institute of Dentistry

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: Adult
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Adults aged 18-65 years. Diagnosed with chronic periodontitis according to standard clinical criteria. Presence of periodontal intrabony defects suitable for surgical intervention. Probing pocket depth (PPD) ≥ 5 mm at the target site. Clinical attachment level (CAL) loss ≥ 3 mm at the target site. Good oral hygiene, with full-mouth plaque score < 25%.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Patients with systemic diseases that affect healing (e.g., uncontrolled diabetes, immunodeficiency).

Pregnant or lactating women. Current smokers or tobacco users. History of periodontal surgery at the target site within the last 12 months. Use of medications that interfere with wound healing (e.g., corticosteroids, bisphosphonates).

Allergies or contraindications to local anesthetics or components used in the study.

Active oral infections or untreated caries at or near the target site.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: Single

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Placebo Comparator: Open Flap Debridement; Participants assigned to this arm will undergo conventional open flap debridement (OFD) for the treatment of periodontal intrabony defects. The procedure involves flap elevation, thorough debridement of granulation tissue, root surface instrumentation, defect decontamination, and flap repositioning with suturing. Standard postoperative care and oral hygiene instructions will be provided.	Procedure: Open Flap Debridement; Participants assigned to this arm will undergo conventional open flap debridement (OFD) for the treatment of periodontal intrabony defects. The procedure involves flap elevation, thorough debridement of granulation tissue, root surface instrumentation, defect decontamination, and flap repositioning with suturing. Standard postoperative care and oral hygiene instructions will be provided.
Experimental: Platelet-Rich Fibrin with Open Flap Debridement; Participants assigned to this arm will receive autologous Platelet-Rich Fibrin (PRF) as an adjunct to conventional open flap debridement. PRF will be prepared from the participant's venous blood using centrifugation and placed directly into the periodontal defect prior to flap closure to promote tissue regeneration and enhance healing. All other surgical and postoperative procedures will be identical to the control group.	Procedure: Platelet-Rich Fibrin with Open Flap Debridement; Participants assigned to this arm will receive autologous Platelet-Rich Fibrin (PRF) as an adjunct to conventional open flap debridement. PRF will be prepared from the participant's venous blood using centrifugation and placed directly into the periodontal defect prior to flap closure to promote tissue regeneration and enhance healing. All other surgical and postoperative procedures will be identical to the control group.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Change in Probing Pocket Depth (PPD)	Probing pocket depth will be measured in millimeters using a calibrated periodontal probe at the selected defect sites. The outcome will be defined as the mean reduction in PPD from baseline to 6 months following surgery.	Baseline to 6 months postoperatively.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Change in Clinical Attachment Level (CAL)	Clinical attachment level will be assessed in millimeters using a standardized periodontal probe. The outcome will be defined as the mean gain in CAL from baseline to 6 months after treatment.	Baseline to 6 months postoperatively.
Percentage of Radiographic Bone Fill	Bone regeneration will be evaluated using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). The percentage of bone fill within the periodontal defect will be calculated by comparing baseline and 6-month radiographic measurements.	Baseline to 6 months postoperatively.

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Armed Forces Institute of Dentistry, Pakistan

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): May 20, 2025
• Primary Completion (Actual): October 25, 2025
• Study Completion (Actual): November 15, 2025

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: February 1, 2026
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: February 1, 2026
• First Posted (Actual): February 9, 2026

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): February 9, 2026
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: February 1, 2026
• Last Verified: February 1, 2026

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: Periodontitis; Platelet-Rich Fibrin; Periodontal Regeneration; Probing Pocket Depth; Clinical Attachment Level
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Periodontal Diseases; Mouth Diseases; Stomatognathic Diseases; Periodontitis
• Other Study ID Numbers: 21MDC1

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: NO

IPD Plan Description

Many single-center clinical trials, especially in dentistry, do not share IPD publicly.

Sharing IPD requires additional ethical approval, consent language, and data management plans.

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No