Effects of Remimazolam on Breathing Patterns, Respiratory Drive, and Inspiratory Effort in Mechanically Ventilated Patients
Sedatives and analgesics are usually given for analgesic, anxiolytic, or sedating purposes for patients with critical illness, while they inevitably inhibit respiratory and circulatory function. Sometimes, patients receive deep sedation to induce hypoventilation or suppress spontaneous respiratory effort. The sedation level in clinical practice is usually assessed with subjective sedation scoring systems, such as the Richmond Agitation Sedation Scale (RASS). However, studies have found that sedation depth based on RASS is not a reliable marker of respiratory drive during critical illness. In recent years, researchers have proposed to monitor the effects of sedatives and analgesics on respiratory indicators and to implement lung-protective sedation, such as airway occlusion pressure (P0.1), airway occlusion pressure (Pocc). However, different pharmacological characteristics, different depths of sedation, and different sedation regimens among different sedatives and analgesics make a great difference in their effects on respiration. Remimazolam is a new benzodiazepine sedative developed by adding a methyl propionate side chain to the structure of midazolam. As an organic weak base, remimazolam forms a salt with benzenesulfonic acid, which enhances its solubility and stability. The sedative effect of remimazolam primarily occurs through binding to γ-aminobutyric acid type A (GABAA) receptors, opening chloride channels, promoting chloride ion influx, hyperpolarizing neuronal membranes, and thereby suppressing neuronal excitability. The drug acts rapidly, achieving maximum sedation within three minutes after administration. Research on adverse effects of remimazolam remains limited, particularly regarding its impact on respiratory function. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the effects of remimazolam on breathing patterns, respiratory drive, and inspiratory effort in mechanically ventilated patients.
Přehled studie
Postavení
Postavení
Podmínky
Podmínky
Intervence / Léčba
Intervence / Léčba
Typ studie
Typ studie
Zápis (Aktuální)
Zápis
Fáze
Fáze
- Nelze použít
Kontakty a umístění
Studijní místa
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Beijing, Čína
- Beijing Tiantan Hospital
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Kritéria účasti
Kritéria způsobilosti
Kritéria způsobilosti
Věk způsobilý ke studiu
Přijímá zdravé dobrovolníky
Pohlaví způsobilá ke studiu
Popis
Inclusion criteria:
- Patients admitted to the ICU after surgery under general anesthesia;
- Patients with an artificial airway and receiving assisted ventilation in pressure support mode;
- Patients expected to achieve a sedation depth corresponding to a Richmond Agitation and Sedation Scale (RASS) score of -2 to +1;
Exclusion Criteria:
- Patients with brainstem tumors or neuromuscular disorders;
- Patients unable to undergo RASS assessment due to various reasons, such as history of psychiatric disorders (schizophrenia, mania, delirium, cognitive impairment), status epilepticus, or coma;
- Patients with known or suspected allergy or contraindication to any component of the study drug or opioids;
- Severe hepatic dysfunction (Child-Pugh class C);
- Chronic kidney disease (estimated glomerular filtration rate < 60 ml/min/1.73 m²);
- Mean arterial pressure (MAP) < 65 mmHg, or requiring norepinephrine infusion > 0.5 μg/kg/min to maintain MAP ≥ 65 mmHg;
- Age <18 years old;
- Pregnant or breastfeeding women;
- Body mass index (BMI) <18 kg/m² or >30 kg/m²
Studijní plán
Jak je studie koncipována?
Detaily designu
- Primární účel: Léčba
- Přidělení: N/A
- Intervenční model: Přiřazení jedné skupiny
- Maskování: Žádné (otevřený štítek)
Počet zbraní
Zbraně a zásahy
Skupina účastníků / ArmSkupina účastníků / Arm |
Intervence / LéčbaIntervence / Léčba |
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Experimentální: Remimazolam
The investigators conducted a single-arm, prospective physiological trial to assess the respiratory effects of remimazolam. The study enrolled 20 patients receiving invasive mechanical ventilation. Remimazolam was initiated at 0.15 mg/kg/h and increased it by 0.025 mg/kg/h every 30 minutes, up to a maximum of 0.3 mg/kg/h. The primary outcomes were changes in breathing pattern (respiratory rate (RR), tidal volume (VT), and minute ventilation (Vmin)), respiratory drive (airway occlusion pressure (P0.1)), and inspiratory effort (pressure muscle index (PMI) and airway occlusion pressure (ΔPocc)) after 0.15 mg/kg/h infusion of remimazolam. |
Remimazolam will be infused at 0.15,0.175,0.20,0.225,0.25,0.275, 0.3 mg/kg/h in sequence for 30 minutes at each dose. |
Co je měření studie?
Primární výstupní opatření
Primární výstupní opatření
Měření výsledku |
Popis opatření |
Časové okno |
|---|---|---|
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Tidal volume
Časové okno: At baseline (before sedation with remimazolam) and 0.15 mg/kg/h remimazolam continuous infusion for 30 minutes
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The change in tidal volume 30 minutes after remimazolam was infused at a rate of 0.15mg/kg/h compared to the baseline level without the use of sedative drugs. |
At baseline (before sedation with remimazolam) and 0.15 mg/kg/h remimazolam continuous infusion for 30 minutes
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Respiratory rate
Časové okno: At baseline (before sedation with remimazolam) and 0.15 mg/kg/h remimazolam continuous infusion for 30 minutes
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The change in respiratory rate 30 minutes after remimazolam was infused at a rate of 0.15mg/kg/h compared to the baseline level without the use of sedative drugs. |
At baseline (before sedation with remimazolam) and 0.15 mg/kg/h remimazolam continuous infusion for 30 minutes
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Minute ventilation
Časové okno: At baseline (before sedation with remimazolam) and 0.15 mg/kg/h remimazolam continuous infusion for 30 minutes
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The change in minute ventilation 30 minutes after remimazolam was infused at a rate of 0.15mg/kg/h compared to the baseline level without the use of sedative drugs. |
At baseline (before sedation with remimazolam) and 0.15 mg/kg/h remimazolam continuous infusion for 30 minutes
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Airway occlusion pressure (P0.1)
Časové okno: At baseline (before sedation with remimazolam) and 0.15 mg/kg/h remimazolam continuous infusion for 30 minutes
|
The change in P0.1 30 minutes after remimazolam was infused at a rate of 0.15mg/kg/h compared to the baseline level without the use of sedative drugs. |
At baseline (before sedation with remimazolam) and 0.15 mg/kg/h remimazolam continuous infusion for 30 minutes
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Pressure muscle index (PMI)
Časové okno: At baseline (before sedation with remimazolam) and 0.15 mg/kg/h remimazolam continuous infusion for 30 minutes
|
The change in PMI 30 minutes after remimazolam was infused at a rate of 0.15mg/kg/h compared to the baseline level without the use of sedative drugs. |
At baseline (before sedation with remimazolam) and 0.15 mg/kg/h remimazolam continuous infusion for 30 minutes
|
|
Airway occlusion pressure (Pocc)
Časové okno: At baseline (before sedation with remimazolam) and 0.15 mg/kg/h remimazolam continuous infusion for 30 minutes
|
The change in Pocc 30 minutes after remimazolam was infused at a rate of 0.15mg/kg/h compared to the baseline level without the use of sedative drugs. |
At baseline (before sedation with remimazolam) and 0.15 mg/kg/h remimazolam continuous infusion for 30 minutes
|
Sekundární výstupní opatření
Sekundární výstupní opatření
Měření výsledku |
Popis opatření |
Časové okno |
|---|---|---|
|
Respiratory rate
Časové okno: Remimazolam was initiated at 0.15 mg/kg/h and increased it by 0.025 mg/kg/h every 30 minutes, up to a maximum of 0.3 mg/kg/h, respiratory rate was measured after each infusion rate adjustment (0.15,0.175,0.20,0.225,0.25, 0.275, 0.3mg/kg/h)
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Changing trends in respiratory rate during remimazolam infusion from 0.15 mg/kg/h to 0.3 mg/kg/h |
Remimazolam was initiated at 0.15 mg/kg/h and increased it by 0.025 mg/kg/h every 30 minutes, up to a maximum of 0.3 mg/kg/h, respiratory rate was measured after each infusion rate adjustment (0.15,0.175,0.20,0.225,0.25, 0.275, 0.3mg/kg/h)
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Tidal volume
Časové okno: Remimazolam was initiated at 0.15 mg/kg/h and increased it by 0.025 mg/kg/h every 30 minutes, up to a maximum of 0.3 mg/kg/h, tidal volume was measured after each infusion rate adjustment (0.15,0.175,0.20,0.225,0.25, 0.275, 0.3mg/kg/h)
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Changing trends in tidal volume during remimazolam infusion from 0.15 mg/kg/h to 0.3 mg/kg/h |
Remimazolam was initiated at 0.15 mg/kg/h and increased it by 0.025 mg/kg/h every 30 minutes, up to a maximum of 0.3 mg/kg/h, tidal volume was measured after each infusion rate adjustment (0.15,0.175,0.20,0.225,0.25, 0.275, 0.3mg/kg/h)
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Minute ventilation
Časové okno: Remimazolam was initiated at 0.15 mg/kg/h and increased it by 0.025 mg/kg/h every 30 minutes, up to a maximum of 0.3 mg/kg/h, minute ventilation was measured after each infusion rate adjustment (0.15,0.175,0.20,0.225,0.25, 0.275, 0.3mg/kg/h)
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Changing trends in minute ventilation during remimazolam infusion from 0.15 mg/kg/h to 0.3 mg/kg/h |
Remimazolam was initiated at 0.15 mg/kg/h and increased it by 0.025 mg/kg/h every 30 minutes, up to a maximum of 0.3 mg/kg/h, minute ventilation was measured after each infusion rate adjustment (0.15,0.175,0.20,0.225,0.25, 0.275, 0.3mg/kg/h)
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P0.1
Časové okno: Remimazolam was initiated at 0.15 mg/kg/h and increased it by 0.025 mg/kg/h every 30 minutes, up to a maximum of 0.3 mg/kg/h, P0.1 was measured after each infusion rate adjustment (0.15,0.175,0.20,0.225,0.25, 0.275, 0.3mg/kg/h)
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Changing trends in P0.1 during remimazolam infusion from 0.15 mg/kg/h to 0.3 mg/kg/h |
Remimazolam was initiated at 0.15 mg/kg/h and increased it by 0.025 mg/kg/h every 30 minutes, up to a maximum of 0.3 mg/kg/h, P0.1 was measured after each infusion rate adjustment (0.15,0.175,0.20,0.225,0.25, 0.275, 0.3mg/kg/h)
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PMI
Časové okno: Remimazolam was initiated at 0.15 mg/kg/h and increased it by 0.025 mg/kg/h every 30 minutes, up to a maximum of 0.3 mg/kg/h, PMI was measured after each infusion rate adjustment (0.15,0.175,0.20,0.225,0.25, 0.275, 0.3mg/kg/h)
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Changing trends in PMI during remimazolam infusion from 0.15 mg/kg/h to 0.3 mg/kg/h |
Remimazolam was initiated at 0.15 mg/kg/h and increased it by 0.025 mg/kg/h every 30 minutes, up to a maximum of 0.3 mg/kg/h, PMI was measured after each infusion rate adjustment (0.15,0.175,0.20,0.225,0.25, 0.275, 0.3mg/kg/h)
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Pocc
Časové okno: Remimazolam was initiated at 0.15 mg/kg/h and increased it by 0.025 mg/kg/h every 30 minutes, up to a maximum of 0.3 mg/kg/h, Pocc was measured after each infusion rate adjustment (0.15,0.175,0.20,0.225,0.25, 0.275, 0.3mg/kg/h)
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Changing trends in Pocc during remimazolam infusion from 0.15 mg/kg/h to 0.3 mg/kg/h |
Remimazolam was initiated at 0.15 mg/kg/h and increased it by 0.025 mg/kg/h every 30 minutes, up to a maximum of 0.3 mg/kg/h, Pocc was measured after each infusion rate adjustment (0.15,0.175,0.20,0.225,0.25, 0.275, 0.3mg/kg/h)
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Richmond Agitation and Sedation Scale (RASS) score
Časové okno: Remimazolam was initiated at 0.15 mg/kg/h and increased it by 0.025 mg/kg/h every 30 minutes, up to a maximum of 0.3 mg/kg/h, RASS score was measured after each infusion rate adjustment (0.15,0.175,0.20,0.225,0.25, 0.275, 0.3mg/kg/h).
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Changing trends in RASS score during remimazolam infusion from 0.15 mg/kg/h to 0.3 mg/kg/h. The RASS scale ranges from -5 to +4. The lower the score, the deeper the level of sedation. |
Remimazolam was initiated at 0.15 mg/kg/h and increased it by 0.025 mg/kg/h every 30 minutes, up to a maximum of 0.3 mg/kg/h, RASS score was measured after each infusion rate adjustment (0.15,0.175,0.20,0.225,0.25, 0.275, 0.3mg/kg/h).
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Spolupracovníci a vyšetřovatelé
Sponzor
Sponzor
Vyšetřovatelé
Vyšetřovatelé
- Vrchní vyšetřovatel: Jian-Xin Zhou, Capital Medical University
Termíny studijních záznamů
Hlavní termíny studia
Začátek studia (Aktuální)
Začátek studia
Primární dokončení (Aktuální)
Primární dokončení
Dokončení studie (Aktuální)
Dokončení studie
Termíny zápisu do studia
První předloženo
První předloženo
První předloženo, které splnilo kritéria kontroly kvality
První předloženo, které splnilo kritéria kontroly kvality
První zveřejněno (Aktuální)
První zveřejněno
Aktualizace studijních záznamů
Poslední zveřejněná aktualizace (Aktuální)
Poslední zveřejněná aktualizace
Odeslaná poslední aktualizace, která splnila kritéria kontroly kvality
Odeslaná poslední aktualizace, která splnila kritéria kontroly kvality
Naposledy ověřeno
Naposledy ověřeno
Více informací
Termíny související s touto studií
Klíčová slova
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