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Udvidende teknologi-aktiveret sygeplejerske leverede kronisk sygdomspleje (EXTEND)

9. september 2026 opdateret af: Duke University

The purpose of this study is to investigate whether the self-management of diabetes and hypertension can be improved with the use of mobile monitoring devices and nursing support.

Studieoversigt

Status

Afsluttet

Betingelser

Intervention / Behandling

Detaljeret beskrivelse

EXpanding Technology-Enabled, Nurse-Delivered Chronic Disease Care (EXTEND) seeks to address evidence gaps that prevent practical use of mobile monitoring-enabled telehealth for clinic-refractory chronic diseases, with an initial focus on Persistent Poorly Controlled Diabetes Mellitus (PPDM) and hypertension. Because our population has already proven refractory to usual care, we will conduct an active comparator randomized trial (N=220) of two 12-month interventions: 1) mobile monitoring as a self-management tool (EXTEND); and 2) a nurse-delivered intervention incorporating mobile monitoring, self-management support, and medication management (EXTEND Plus). The medication management is a care team approach where the nurse works with a Pharmacist who has prescribing rights to optimize medications for the patients. This proposal will also allow us to examine a novel application for mobile monitoring technologies, as tools for predicting patient safety events.

Aim 1: Compare the effectiveness of the two 12-month EXTEND interventions for PPDM and hypertension. Hypothesis 1a: Compared to EXTEND, EXTEND Plus will improve primary (HbA1c) and secondary outcomes (e.g., blood pressure, weight, self-management measures) at 12 months; Hypothesis 1b: The relative effects of each intervention will be sustained at 24 months; Hypothesis 1c: Subgroup analyses will identify characteristics associated with high responsiveness to each intervention.

Aim 2: Guide scaling and dissemination of the EXTEND interventions by: (A) interviewing patients and stakeholders to clarify implementation barriers, facilitators and process requirements; (B) comparing intervention costs against potential reimbursement mechanisms; and (C) understanding the role of climate change and other social drivers of health on diabetes self-management and intervention engagement.

Aim 3: Explore the value of combining mobile monitoring and EHR data for predicting patient safety events (hospitalizations, emergency visits) in the EXTEND study cohort over 24 months. Participants will monitor their data using a suite of remote monitoring devices. Data will be analyzed with PACE by our team. If participants are randomized to the telehealth arm, these data will be reviewed by a RN during a telehealth visit to aid in clinical decision making.

Undersøgelsestype

Interventionel

Tilmelding (Faktiske)

220

Fase

  • Ikke anvendelig

Kontakter og lokationer

Dette afsnit indeholder kontaktoplysninger for dem, der udfører undersøgelsen, og oplysninger om, hvor denne undersøgelse udføres.

Studiesteder

    • North Carolina
      • Durham, North Carolina, Forenede Stater, 27705
        • Duke University Medical Center

Deltagelseskriterier

Forskere leder efter personer, der passer til en bestemt beskrivelse, kaldet berettigelseskriterier. Nogle eksempler på disse kriterier er en persons generelle helbredstilstand eller tidligere behandlinger.

Berettigelseskriterier

Aldre berettiget til at studere

30 år til 75 år (Voksen, Ældre voksen)

Tager imod sunde frivillige

Ingen

Køn, der er berettiget til at studere

Alle

Beskrivelse

Inclusion Criteria:

  • type 2 diabetes by International Classification of Diseases (ICD) code or treatment with glucose-lowering medication or mention in clinical notes
  • Poor diabetes control as indicated by at least 1 HbA1c greater than or equal to 8.0% with NO HbA1c less than 8.0% over the past 6 months
  • At least 1 appointment (office visit, appointment, initial consult, telemedicine) at primary clinic site over the past year
  • hypertension by ICD code or treatment with blood pressure-lowering medication or mention in clinical notes
  • poor hypertension control as indicated by a clinic systolic BP >140 AND/OR diastolic BP >90 over past year
  • use of an Apple iPhone or Android smartphone
  • can provide informed consent
  • can read/speak English
  • can provide informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

  • dementia, psychosis, or life-limiting illness
  • acute coronary event in past year
  • hypoglycemic seizure/coma over the past year
  • residence in a nursing home
  • use of an insulin pump
  • are or plan to become pregnant
  • unable or unwilling to use necessary technology to participate in study

Studieplan

Dette afsnit indeholder detaljer om studieplanen, herunder hvordan undersøgelsen er designet, og hvad undersøgelsen måler.

Hvordan er undersøgelsen tilrettelagt?

Design detaljer

  • Primært formål: Sundhedstjenesteforskning
  • Tildeling: Randomiseret
  • Interventionel model: Parallel tildeling
  • Maskning: Enkelt

Våben og indgreb

Deltagergruppe / Arm
Intervention / Behandling
Aktiv komparator: EXTEND

EXTEND participants receive 4 mobile monitoring devices to facilitate chronic disease self-management (glucometer, BP cuff, scale, accelerometer). Device data are transferred to Duke University Health System (DUHS). Participants can review data and trends within the device apps and modify self-management practices accordingly. The EXTEND group continues chronic disease care with their existing providers during the study, and are instructed at baseline to address management questions via their primary clinics' established avenues (as would be the case for any patient using mobile monitoring in clinical practice).

EXTEND patients self-manage using data they collect during the study, and continue to receive standard behavioral counseling from primary providers.

Eksperimentel: EXTEND Plus

EXTEND Plus participants receive 4 mobile monitoring devices to facilitate chronic disease self-management (glucometer, BP cuff, scale, accelerometer). Device data are transferred to Duke University Health System (DUHS) for use as part of nurse-delivered intervention combining mobile monitoring, self-management support, and medication management. The intervention is administered by clinical registered nurses (RNs) from Duke Primary Care (DPC) or Duke Endocrinology. For the medication management component, RNs work with a study PharmD affiliated with the participant's clinic. The PharmD determines if medication changes are needed, and prescribes accordingly. The RNs deliver EXTEND Plus via scheduled telephone encounters throughout the 12-month intervention. The initial encounter frequency is every two weeks, but may be extended to every four weeks for patients achieving treatment goals.

The EXTEND Plus approach builds patient self-management capacity by focusing on knowledge, self-efficacy, and goal setting (using an RN-delivered, module-based approach). All material is at an 8th grade reading level. Module topics include, but are not limited to, use of self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG), BP monitoring, developing a diet plan, medication adherence, hypoglycemia and hypotension self-management, and self-managing insulin. In addition, this intervention component addresses diet and activity self-management during each encounter.

Hvad måler undersøgelsen?

Primære resultatmål

Resultatmål
Foranstaltningsbeskrivelse
Tidsramme
Change in HbA1c
Tidsramme: Baseline, 3, 6, 9, 12, 18 and 24 months

Change in blood sugar (glucose) attached to hemoglobin. Validated point-of-care or lab-based test.

Baseline, 3, 6, 9, 12, 18 and 24 months

Sekundære resultatmål

Resultatmål
Foranstaltningsbeskrivelse
Tidsramme
Change in Systolic Blood Pressure
Tidsramme: Baseline, 3, 6, 9, 12, 18 and 24 months

Measure taken at clinic with standard arm cuff. Measurement is the average of two readings, on the same arm, taken 10 minutes apart.

Baseline, 3, 6, 9, 12, 18 and 24 months
Change in Diastolic Blood Pressure
Tidsramme: Baseline, 3, 6, 9, 12, 18 and 24 months

Measure taken at clinic with standard arm cuff. Measurement is the average of two readings, on the same arm, taken 10 minutes apart.

Baseline, 3, 6, 9, 12, 18 and 24 months
Change in Weight
Tidsramme: Baseline, 3, 6, 9, 12, 18 and 24 months

Measurement taken with lab scale, when patient is lightly clothed, shoes off.

Baseline, 3, 6, 9, 12, 18 and 24 months
Change is Diabetes Distress Scale
Tidsramme: Baseline, 6, 12, 18 and 24 months

Measure of diabetes distress and burden using the Diabetes Distress Scale (DDS): 17 items, Scale 1-6. Scoring: Average. Higher score indicates higher distress level.

Baseline, 6, 12, 18 and 24 months
Change in Diabetes Self-Management Questionnaire
Tidsramme: Baseline, 6, 12, 18 and 24 months

Measure of diabetes self-care. Diabetes Self-Management Questionnaire (DSMQ): 16 items, Scale 0-3. Scoring: Sum and transform to fall between 0-10. Higher score indicates more effective self-care.

Baseline, 6, 12, 18 and 24 months
Change in Perceived Competence Scale
Tidsramme: Baseline, 6, 12, 18 and 24 months

Measure of diabetes self-efficacy and capacity. Perceived Competence Scale (PCS): 4 items, Scale 1-7. Scoring: average (1-7) Higher score indicates greater self-efficacy.

Baseline, 6, 12, 18 and 24 months
Change in Medication Non-adherence
Tidsramme: Baseline, 6, 12, 18 and 24 months

Validated self-report measure using Voils' medication non-adherence measure.

Voils

  1. Full name: Voils Medication Nonadherence Measure
  2. Construct: assesses how often a patient misses their prescribed medication and why
  3. Scale range: 1-5 (the scale consists of 6 likert scale items ranging from 1=None of the time to 5=Every time. The total score is obtained by taking the mean of the items)
  4. Higher scores indicate greater medication non-adherence.
  5. There are no subscales.
Baseline, 6, 12, 18 and 24 months
Change in Diabetes Knowledge
Tidsramme: Baseline, 6, 12, 18 and 24 months

Diabetes Knowledge Questionnaire (DKQ) is a 24-item validated measure.

Diabetes Knowledge

  1. Full name: Diabetes Knowledge Questionnaire
  2. Construct: assesses diabetes knowledge
  3. Scale range: 0-24 (the scale consists of 24 yes-no items that assess diabetes knowledge. One point is given for each item answered correctly.)
  4. Greater scores indicate greater knowledge of diabetes
  5. There are no subscales.
Baseline, 6, 12, 18 and 24 months

Samarbejdspartnere og efterforskere

Det er her, du vil finde personer og organisationer, der er involveret i denne undersøgelse.

Sponsor

Samarbejdspartnere

Efterforskere

  • Ledende efterforsker: Ryan J Shaw, RN, PhD, Duke University School of Nursing
  • Ledende efterforsker: Matthew Crowley, MD, Duke University

Publikationer og nyttige links

Den person, der er ansvarlig for at indtaste oplysninger om undersøgelsen, leverer frivilligt disse publikationer. Disse kan handle om alt relateret til undersøgelsen.

Datoer for undersøgelser

Disse datoer sporer fremskridtene for indsendelser af undersøgelsesrekord og resumeresultater til ClinicalTrials.gov. Studieregistreringer og rapporterede resultater gennemgås af National Library of Medicine (NLM) for at sikre, at de opfylder specifikke kvalitetskontrolstandarder, før de offentliggøres på den offentlige hjemmeside.

Studer store datoer

Studiestart (Faktiske)

21. april 2022

Primær færdiggørelse (Faktiske)

13. august 2025

Studieafslutning (Faktiske)

13. august 2025

Datoer for studieregistrering

Først indsendt

3. november 2021

Først indsendt, der opfyldte QC-kriterier

3. november 2021

Først opslået (Faktiske)

15. november 2021

Opdateringer af undersøgelsesjournaler

Sidste opdatering sendt (Faktiske)

1. oktober 2026

Sidste opdatering indsendt, der opfyldte kvalitetskontrolkriterier

9. september 2026

Sidst verificeret

1. oktober 2025

Mere information

Begreber relateret til denne undersøgelse

Andre undersøgelses-id-numre

  • PRO00107722
  • 1R01NR019594-01 (U.S. NIH-bevilling/kontrakt)

Plan for individuelle deltagerdata (IPD)

Planlægger du at dele individuelle deltagerdata (IPD)?

JA

IPD-planbeskrivelse

Our data will be made available for use by investigators not associated with the proposed study within 3 years after the primary results have been published. We will prepare a clear and searchable documentation of the database including a data dictionary, and its linkage to the pertinent study protocols and forms so that diverse investigators can make effective use of the data. For investigators interested in prospective collaborations, we will explore other options to provide support.

IPD-delingstidsramme

Within 3 years of study data publication.

IPD-delingsadgangskriterier

For all prospective opportunities (e.g., access to datasets, collaborative studies), we will widely advertise them on Duke Websites and at appropriate scientific meetings.

IPD-deling Understøttende informationstype

  • STUDY_PROTOCOL
  • ANALYTIC_CODE

Lægemiddel- og udstyrsoplysninger, undersøgelsesdokumenter

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