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Is Routine Dental Clearance or Antibiotic Prophylaxis Before Dental Procedures Necessary in Total Joint Arthroplasty? A Randomized Controlled Noninferiority Trial

29. oktober 2026 opdateret af: Jennifer Larsen, Creighton University

This study is a prospective, randomized, controlled, noninferiority trial with parallel assignment that will afford simultaneous assessment of the omission of dental clearance and the omission of post-operative antibiotics for dental procedures.

Studieoversigt

Status

Ikke rekrutterer endnu

Betingelser

Intervention / Behandling

Detaljeret beskrivelse

A noninferiority design is chosen because elimination of a preoperative requirement may offer substantial benefits in cost, access, and timeliness of care; provided infection risk is not meaningfully increased.

Study Questions

  1. Is omission of routine preoperative dental clearance non-inferior to mandatory dental clearance with respect to prosthetic joint infection risk following elective primary hip or knee arthroplasty?
  2. Is omission of routine postoperative antibiotic prophylaxis non-inferior to prescription of routine antibiotic prophylaxis with respect to prosthetic joint infection risk following elective primary hip or knee arthroplasty?

Undersøgelsestype

Interventionel

Tilmelding (Anslået)

3048

Fase

  • Ikke anvendelig

Kontakter og lokationer

Dette afsnit indeholder kontaktoplysninger for dem, der udfører undersøgelsen, og oplysninger om, hvor denne undersøgelse udføres.

Studiekontakt

Deltagelseskriterier

Forskere leder efter personer, der passer til en bestemt beskrivelse, kaldet berettigelseskriterier. Nogle eksempler på disse kriterier er en persons generelle helbredstilstand eller tidligere behandlinger.

Berettigelseskriterier

Aldre berettiget til at studere

19 år og ældre (Voksen, Ældre voksen)

Tager imod sunde frivillige

Ingen

Køn, der er berettiget til at studere

Alle

Beskrivelse

Inclusion Criteria

  • Age ≥19 years (19 is age of majority in Nebraska)
  • Scheduled for elective primary THA or TKA (i.e. no revision or conversion procedures)
  • Ability to provide informed consent

Exclusion Criteria

  • Revision arthroplasty
  • Arthroplasty for fracture or performed urgently (i.e. incomplete work up)
  • Active or previous infection of the operative joint
  • Active systemic infection
  • On chronic antibiotic therapy

All patients who meet the above criteria will be offered inclusion in the study either at their pre-operative clinic visit or over the phone.

Studieplan

Dette afsnit indeholder detaljer om studieplanen, herunder hvordan undersøgelsen er designet, og hvad undersøgelsen måler.

Hvordan er undersøgelsen tilrettelagt?

Design detaljer

  • Primært formål: Andet
  • Tildeling: Randomiseret
  • Interventionel model: Parallel tildeling
  • Maskning: Enkelt

Våben og indgreb

Deltagergruppe / Arm
Intervention / Behandling
Ingen indgriben: 1. Obtains dental clearance and undergoes routine antibiotic prophylaxis
  1. This is the current standard of care.
  2. Dental clearance involves a dental exam. If any abnormalities are noted, then additional procedures are performed at the dentist's discretion before proceeding with hip or knee arthroplasty.
  3. Once dental clearance is obtained, then patient proceeds to surgery
  4. Post-operatively, the patients receive antibiotic prophylaxis prior to any dental
Eksperimentel: 2. Omits dental clearance and undergoes routine antibiotic prophylaxis
  1. Routine dental clearance will be omitted and the patient will proceed to surgery without dental clearance.
  2. The joint arthroplasty will otherwise be performed according to the standard practice of the surgeon, already designed to minimize risk to the patient, including risk of PJI.
  3. Post-operatively, the patients receive antibiotic prophylaxis prior to any dental procedures/cleanings for a duration of 2 years.

Dental Clearance Group Participants will undergo standardized preoperative dental evaluation. Any dental treatment recommended by the treating dental provider must be completed prior to surgery, with written clearance documented before proceeding.

No Dental Clearance Group Participants will proceed directly to arthroplasty without mandatory dental evaluation. Acute dental symptoms arising preoperatively will be managed according to standard clinical practice.

Routine Antibiotic Prophylaxis Group

Participants will receive antibiotic prophylaxis before every dental procedure, including routine cleanings:

  • Amoxicillin 2 g orally 30-60 minutes prior
  • Clindamycin 600 mg orally for penicillin allergy

No Antibiotic Prophylaxis Group Participants will receive no routine antibiotic prophylaxis prior to any dental procedure, including cleanings. All other dental care will proceed per standard practice.

Eksperimentel: 3. Obtains dental clearance and omits routine antibiotic prophylaxis
  1. Dental clearance involves a dental exam. If any abnormalities are noted, then additional procedures are performed at the dentist's discretion before proceeding with hip or knee arthroplasty.
  2. Once dental clearance is obtained, then patient proceeds to surgery
  3. Post-operatively, the patient does not receive routine antibiotic prophylaxis before dental procedures.

Dental Clearance Group Participants will undergo standardized preoperative dental evaluation. Any dental treatment recommended by the treating dental provider must be completed prior to surgery, with written clearance documented before proceeding.

No Dental Clearance Group Participants will proceed directly to arthroplasty without mandatory dental evaluation. Acute dental symptoms arising preoperatively will be managed according to standard clinical practice.

Routine Antibiotic Prophylaxis Group

Participants will receive antibiotic prophylaxis before every dental procedure, including routine cleanings:

  • Amoxicillin 2 g orally 30-60 minutes prior
  • Clindamycin 600 mg orally for penicillin allergy

No Antibiotic Prophylaxis Group Participants will receive no routine antibiotic prophylaxis prior to any dental procedure, including cleanings. All other dental care will proceed per standard practice.

Eksperimentel: 4. Omits dental clearance and routine antibiotic prophylaxis
  1. Routine dental clearance will be omitted and the patient will proceed to surgery without dental clearance.
  2. The joint arthroplasty will otherwise be performed according to the standard practice of the surgeon, already designed to minimize risk to the patient, including risk of PJI.
  3. Post-operatively, the patient does not receive routine antibiotic prophylaxis before dental procedures.

Dental Clearance Group Participants will undergo standardized preoperative dental evaluation. Any dental treatment recommended by the treating dental provider must be completed prior to surgery, with written clearance documented before proceeding.

No Dental Clearance Group Participants will proceed directly to arthroplasty without mandatory dental evaluation. Acute dental symptoms arising preoperatively will be managed according to standard clinical practice.

Routine Antibiotic Prophylaxis Group

Participants will receive antibiotic prophylaxis before every dental procedure, including routine cleanings:

  • Amoxicillin 2 g orally 30-60 minutes prior
  • Clindamycin 600 mg orally for penicillin allergy

No Antibiotic Prophylaxis Group Participants will receive no routine antibiotic prophylaxis prior to any dental procedure, including cleanings. All other dental care will proceed per standard practice.

Hvad måler undersøgelsen?

Primære resultatmål

Resultatmål
Foranstaltningsbeskrivelse
Tidsramme
Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) within 12 months, defined using Musculoskeletal Infection Society criteria (Parvizi, et al).
Tidsramme: 12 Months

1. To determine whether omission of routine preoperative dental clearance is non-inferior to mandatory dental clearance in preventing periprosthetic joint infection within 12 months following primary TJA.

12 Months

Sekundære resultatmål

Resultatmål
Foranstaltningsbeskrivelse
Tidsramme
• Periprosthetic joint infection at 24, 36, 48, 60 and 120 months, defined using Musculoskeletal Infection Society criteria (Parvizi, et al).
Tidsramme: 120 months

5. To determine whether the omission of dental clearance or omission of routine dental clearance is non-inferior to routine use of these perioperatively at longer term follow up (2, 5 and 10 years).

120 months
• Time from scheduling to surgery (i.e. delay caused by dental clearance)
Tidsramme: 3-5 years

1. To compare time from surgical scheduling to operative date.

3-5 years
• Rate of patients requiring dental procedure before getting dental clearance
Tidsramme: 3-5 years

2. To determine the rate of dental intervention in patients requiring clearance.

3-5 years
• Number of reoperations and which procedure is performed for PJI.
Tidsramme: 3-5 years

3. To compare reoperation and revision arthroplasty rates for infection.

3-5 years
• Causative organisms of PJI
Tidsramme: 3-5 years

4. To characterize microbiologic profiles of PJIs.

3-5 years

Samarbejdspartnere og efterforskere

Det er her, du vil finde personer og organisationer, der er involveret i denne undersøgelse.

Sponsor

Samarbejdspartnere

Datoer for undersøgelser

Disse datoer sporer fremskridtene for indsendelser af undersøgelsesrekord og resumeresultater til ClinicalTrials.gov. Studieregistreringer og rapporterede resultater gennemgås af National Library of Medicine (NLM) for at sikre, at de opfylder specifikke kvalitetskontrolstandarder, før de offentliggøres på den offentlige hjemmeside.

Studer store datoer

Studiestart (Anslået)

15. december 2026

Primær færdiggørelse (Anslået)

1. januar 2031

Studieafslutning (Anslået)

1. juli 2032

Datoer for studieregistrering

Først indsendt

29. oktober 2026

Først indsendt, der opfyldte QC-kriterier

29. oktober 2026

Først opslået (Faktiske)

4. november 2026

Opdateringer af undersøgelsesjournaler

Sidste opdatering sendt (Faktiske)

4. november 2026

Sidste opdatering indsendt, der opfyldte kvalitetskontrolkriterier

29. oktober 2026

Sidst verificeret

1. oktober 2026

Mere information

Begreber relateret til denne undersøgelse

Andre undersøgelses-id-numre

  • CommonSpirit IRB 2447281-1

Plan for individuelle deltagerdata (IPD)

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JA

IPD-planbeskrivelse

Results will otherwise be disseminated through academic journals as well as poster or podium presentations at academic meetings.

IPD-deling Understøttende informationstype

  • SAP

Lægemiddel- og udstyrsoplysninger, undersøgelsesdokumenter

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