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Satiety, Microbiome, Appetite Regulation, and Tracking Energy Across Targeted Snacks: Acute Postprandial Study (SMARTEATS-PP)

21. August 2026 aktualisiert von: Zoe Global Limited

The ZOE SMART EATS (Satiety, Microbiome, Appetite Regulation, and Tracking Energy Across Targeted Snacks) Acute Postprandial Study: Investigating the Acute Effects of a High-fibre Plant-based Snack Bar on Subjective Postprandial Hunger, Energy Intake and Eating Behaviour in Healthy UK Adults.

The goal of this clinical trial is to learn how eating different snack foods affects acute hunger, energy intake and eating behaviour in healthy adults. The study will be conducted remotely over 5 days.

The main questions it aims to answer are:

  1. Does eating a snack bar intervention change how hungry participants feel later in the same day?
  2. Does eating a snack bar intervention change participants' energy intake, nutrient intake and eating behaviour on the same day?
  3. Does eating a snack bar intervention change participants mood, energy levels and alertness later in the same day?

Researchers will compare an intervention snack bar to a control snack bar to see if the intervention improves hunger, energy intake, eating behaviour, and other subjective measures.

Participants will:

  • Eat 2 snack bars for breakfast on 2 separate days, with 2 days in between
  • Not eat anything after 9pm the night before each test day
  • Fill out short online surveys (under 5 minutes) before breakfast and at set times over the next 3 hours
  • Not eat for 3 hours after breakfast
  • Write down everything they eat that day

Studienübersicht

Status

Rekrutierung

Bedingungen

Intervention / Behandlung

Detaillierte Beschreibung

Diet, and snacking behaviour in particular, plays an important role in long-term health. Snacking now contributes substantially to daily energy intake in the UK and US: data from the ZOE PREDICT study show that 95% of adults snack at least once a day, with snacks accounting for around a quarter of daily energy intake (2.28 snacks/day). However, the average UK snack has a poor nutrient profile, high in refined carbohydrates, added sugars, and saturated fat, and low in fibre and micronutrients, a pattern linked to poorer cardiometabolic health. Despite public health guidance to consume at least 30g of fibre a day, UK adults consume an average of around 20g/day. However, the composition and timing of a snack are important determinants of its effects on hunger, energy, and other health markers.

This trial evaluates an intervention (2 x snack bars) against a control (2 x snack bars that reflect the average nutrient profile of snacks currently sold in the UK). Using a control snack bar means any effects observed can be attributed to the specific formulation of the intervention snack bar, rather than simply to a change in snacking habits or a reduction in overall snack consumption.

The primary aim of the study is to determine whether the intervention snack bars reduce subjective postprandial hunger (in the hours after eating them), compared with control snack bars broadly representative of the average UK snack nutrient profile. The study will be conducted in 2 phases. In this phase (phase 1; acute postprandial study), 54 participants will complete a crossover postprandial study measuring hunger, satiety, mood, energy, and alertness over 3 hours, and as an end of day measure following consumption of the intervention or control; as well as eating behaviour and subsequent energy and nutrient intake on that day. The postprandial design allows the acute, within-day effects of the intervention snack bars to be assessed under tightly controlled conditions.

Studientyp

Interventionell

Einschreibung (Geschätzt)

54

Phase

  • Unzutreffend

Kontakte und Standorte

Dieser Abschnitt enthält die Kontaktdaten derjenigen, die die Studie durchführen, und Informationen darüber, wo diese Studie durchgeführt wird.

Studienkontakt

Studienorte

Teilnahmekriterien

Forscher suchen nach Personen, die einer bestimmten Beschreibung entsprechen, die als Auswahlkriterien bezeichnet werden. Einige Beispiele für diese Kriterien sind der allgemeine Gesundheitszustand einer Person oder frühere Behandlungen.

Zulassungskriterien

Studienberechtigtes Alter

  • Erwachsene
  • Älterer Erwachsener

Akzeptiert gesunde Freiwillige

Ja

Beschreibung

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Willing and able to follow the study protocol
  • Willing and able to provide informed consent
  • Regular consumption of snacks (≥2 per day)
  • Fibre intake <20 g/d
  • Living in the UK

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Have BMI of less than 18.5 kg/m² or more than 40 kg/m²
  • Have an allergy or intolerance to ingredients in the intervention or control snack bars (including inulin) or cannot eat the food products safely and comfortably for any reason
  • Have a personal medical history of inflammatory bowel disease, coeliac disease, Crohn's disease, irritable bowel syndrome, chronic constipation, or chronic diarrhoea
  • Have started a new supplement in the past month, or are unwilling to maintain current supplement use throughout the study
  • Previously purchased any ZOE products (including Daily30, ZOE gut health bar or ZOE app membership).
  • Have taken any medication or product that may modify the measured study outcomes, in the past 3 months (including but not limited to: fibre supplements, antibiotics, non-topical steroids or other immunosuppressive medicines, probiotics or prebiotics, metformin, GLP-1 receptor agonists, lipid-lowering medications such as fibrates, statins, PCSK9 inhibitors, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs)
  • Have used opiate pain medication or a proton pump inhibitor for 8 or more consecutive days during the past 3 months
  • Have experienced a heart attack, stroke or major surgery in the last 2 months
  • Have received treatment for cancer in the last 3 months
  • Are currently pregnant, breastfeeding or planning a pregnancy
  • Are diagnosed with an eating disorder, type 1 diabetes mellitus or type 2 diabetes mellitus

Studienplan

Dieser Abschnitt enthält Einzelheiten zum Studienplan, einschließlich des Studiendesigns und der Messung der Studieninhalte.

Wie ist die Studie aufgebaut?

Designdetails

  • Hauptzweck: Verhütung
  • Zuteilung: Zufällig
  • Interventionsmodell: Crossover-Aufgabe
  • Maskierung: Doppelt

Waffen und Interventionen

Teilnehmergruppe / Arm
Intervention / Behandlung
Experimental: Intervention
Breakfast test meal consisting of 2 x intervention snack bars
A high-fibre plant-based snack bar.
Placebo-Komparator: Control
Breakfast test meal consisting of 2 x control snack bars
Commercially available snack bars (UK); reflects the energy and macronutrient profile of a typical UK snack.

Was misst die Studie?

Primäre Ergebnismessungen

Ergebnis Maßnahme
Maßnahmenbeschreibung
Zeitfenster
Postprandial hunger
Zeitfenster: Within 3 hours post-test meal consumption.
Assessed using digital visual analogue scales (VAS; 0-100) with anchor points 0 = 'not at all hungry', 100 = 'extremely hungry'. Completed at pre-specified time points immediately before and during a 3h post-meal fast.
Within 3 hours post-test meal consumption.

Sekundäre Ergebnismessungen

Ergebnis Maßnahme
Maßnahmenbeschreibung
Zeitfenster
Postprandial satiety
Zeitfenster: Within 3 hours post-test meal consumption.
Subjective postprandial satiety ratings, assessed using digital visual analogue scales (VAS; 0-100), with anchor points 0 = 'not at all', 100 = 'extremely'. Completed at pre-specified time points immediately before and during a 3h post-meal fast.
Within 3 hours post-test meal consumption.
Postprandial mood and energy
Zeitfenster: Within 3 hours post-test meal consumption.
Subjective postprandial ratings of mood and energy, assessed using digital visual analogue scales (VAS; 0-100), with anchor points 0 = 'not at all', 100 = 'extremely'. Completed at pre-specified time points immediately before and during a 3h post-meal fast.
Within 3 hours post-test meal consumption.
Eating rate
Zeitfenster: Duration of test meal consumption (day 1, day 4).
Self-reported eating rate (g/min) of the intervention and control test meals. Derived from the amount of food consumed (g) and self-reported eating duration (mins)
Duration of test meal consumption (day 1, day 4).
Time to next meal
Zeitfenster: Anticipated 3-6 hours post-test meal consumption (day 1, day 4).
Self-reported time to next meal (mins) following the test meals.
Anticipated 3-6 hours post-test meal consumption (day 1, day 4).
Energy and nutrient intake
Zeitfenster: Post-3 hour fast to midnight (day 1, day 4).
Energy (kcal) and nutrient intake (g; %EI) following the test meals. Assessed using digital food log (myFood24).
Post-3 hour fast to midnight (day 1, day 4).

Mitarbeiter und Ermittler

Hier finden Sie Personen und Organisationen, die an dieser Studie beteiligt sind.

Sponsor

Ermittler

  • Hauptermittler: Berry E Sarah, Professor, King's College London

Publikationen und hilfreiche Links

Die Bereitstellung dieser Publikationen erfolgt freiwillig durch die für die Eingabe von Informationen über die Studie verantwortliche Person. Diese können sich auf alles beziehen, was mit dem Studium zu tun hat.

Allgemeine Veröffentlichungen

Studienaufzeichnungsdaten

Diese Daten verfolgen den Fortschritt der Übermittlung von Studienaufzeichnungen und zusammenfassenden Ergebnissen an ClinicalTrials.gov. Studienaufzeichnungen und gemeldete Ergebnisse werden von der National Library of Medicine (NLM) überprüft, um sicherzustellen, dass sie bestimmten Qualitätskontrollstandards entsprechen, bevor sie auf der öffentlichen Website veröffentlicht werden.

Haupttermine studieren

Studienbeginn (Tatsächlich)

14. August 2026

Primärer Abschluss (Geschätzt)

16. September 2026

Studienabschluss (Geschätzt)

1. Oktober 2026

Studienanmeldedaten

Zuerst eingereicht

13. August 2026

Zuerst eingereicht, das die QC-Kriterien erfüllt hat

19. August 2026

Zuerst gepostet (Tatsächlich)

20. August 2026

Studienaufzeichnungsaktualisierungen

Letztes Update gepostet (Tatsächlich)

24. August 2026

Letztes eingereichtes Update, das die QC-Kriterien erfüllt

21. August 2026

Zuletzt verifiziert

1. August 2026

Mehr Informationen

Begriffe im Zusammenhang mit dieser Studie

Andere Studien-ID-Nummern

  • ZOE SMART EATS - Postprandial

Plan für individuelle Teilnehmerdaten (IPD)

Planen Sie, individuelle Teilnehmerdaten (IPD) zu teilen?

JA

Beschreibung des IPD-Plans

To protect participant privacy, individual participant clinical data and any data that could be used to identify individuals will not be publicly available and cannot be deposited in public repositories. In line with journal requirements, data underlying the results in the publication may be made available to bona fide researchers for reproducibility of results. Proposals, researchers or institutions requesting data will be approved if they meet the standard criteria related to ethics, privacy and data protection regulations.

IPD-Sharing-Zeitrahmen

Starting 6 months after publication.

IPD-Sharing-Zugriffskriterien

The study data can be released to bona fide researchers by submitting a research proposal approved by a subpanel of our scientific advisory board which meets once per month with independent members to assess proposals. The data may be pseudo-anonymised or otherwise redacted to comply with the UK General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). Researchers will be required to enter into a GDPR data sharing agreement before data may be released. Access request proposals should be sent to data.papers@joinzoe.com.

Art der unterstützenden IPD-Freigabeinformationen

  • STUDIENPROTOKOLL
  • ANALYTIC_CODE

Arzneimittel- und Geräteinformationen, Studienunterlagen

Studiert ein von der US-amerikanischen FDA reguliertes Arzneimittelprodukt

Nein

Studiert ein von der US-amerikanischen FDA reguliertes Geräteprodukt

Nein

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