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Comparing a Mobile App, AI Chatbot, and Printed Materials to Improve Parents' Dental Trauma Knowledge and Emergency Decisions (TRAUMA-AI)

3 de noviembre de 2026 actualizado por: Bikash Chaurasia, Lincoln University College

Comparative Effectiveness of a Mobile Application, an Artificial Intelligence Chatbot, and Traditional Print Resources on Parental Knowledge and Emergency Decision-Making for Dental Trauma in Children: A Three-Arm, Parallel-Group, Randomized Controlled Trial

Dental trauma in children may require prompt decisions by parents or caregivers. This three-arm randomized trial will compare a mobile application, an artificial intelligence chatbot, and a printed dental-trauma first-aid booklet as methods of delivering parental education. Approximately 220 parents or legal guardians will be allocated in a 1:1:1 ratio and will receive their assigned educational resource over four weeks. Parental dental-trauma knowledge and accuracy of responses to simulated emergency scenarios will be assessed at four weeks, with follow-up assessments at 12 weeks. Additional measures include confidence, usability, engagement, recognition of avulsion management, and anxiety. The study is planned in Selangor, Malaysia.

Descripción general del estudio

Estado

Aún no reclutando

Condiciones

Intervención / Tratamiento

Descripción detallada

This interventional, parallel-group, three-arm randomized controlled trial will evaluate educational modalities for parents/legal guardians of children. Participants will be recruited from the paediatric dentistry outpatient clinic and community/school outreach in the Petaling Jaya/Kelana Jaya area. Participants will be allocated using a computer-generated, concealed 1:1:1 sequence with randomly varied permuted blocks of 3 and 6, stratified by child age category and parental education (final age categories to be reconciled). Arm 1 receives a smartphone app with approximately six short interactive modules, stepwise first-aid algorithms, audiovisual content and quizzes, plus a 10-minute orientation and reminders on days 7 and 14. Arm 2 receives access to an AI chatbot restricted to a curated, guideline-based dental-trauma knowledge base, providing interactive responses to parent questions; research staff review logs for safety. Arm 3 receives a roughly 12-page A5 printed dental-trauma first-aid booklet with a standardized two-minute handover and no scheduled reminders. All three resources address common dental injuries using the same core evidence-based guidance. The intervention period is four weeks and follow-up continues to 12 weeks after randomization. Outcomes will be assessed with study-specific knowledge and simulated decision-making instruments, confidence and satisfaction measures, and modality-specific engagement metrics. Outcome assessors and data analysts are intended to be blinded, while participants and educators cannot be masked. Analyses are planned under intention-to-treat principles, using adjusted comparisons at four weeks and mixed-effects models for repeated observations; the final analysis plan will specify multiplicity and missing-data handling.

Tipo de estudio

Intervencionista

Inscripción (Estimado)

220

Fase

  • No aplica

Contactos y Ubicaciones

Esta sección proporciona los datos de contacto de quienes realizan el estudio e información sobre dónde se lleva a cabo este estudio.

Estudio Contacto

Criterios de participación

Los investigadores buscan personas que se ajusten a una determinada descripción, denominada criterio de elegibilidad. Algunos ejemplos de estos criterios son el estado de salud general de una persona o tratamientos previos.

Criterio de elegibilidad

Edades elegibles para estudiar

2 años a 14 años (Niño)

Acepta Voluntarios Saludables

Sí

Géneros elegibles para el estudio

Todos

Descripción

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Parent or legal guardian of at least one child aged 2-14 years [VERIFY against study summary of 2-12].
  • Able to read and understand Malay or English.
  • Has regular access to an internet-enabled smartphone.
  • Able and willing to provide written informed consent.
  • No previous formal training in first aid, nursing, medicine or dentistry.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Formal healthcare, paramedical, nursing, medical or dental qualifications/training.
  • Structured dental-trauma or first-aid education in the preceding 6 months.
  • Unable to access or use the smartphone app or chatbot (e.g., no compatible device or internet access).
  • Parent of a child with special healthcare needs for whom emergency dental management differs substantially from standard guidance.
  • Declines informed consent.

Plan de estudios

Esta sección proporciona detalles del plan de estudio, incluido cómo está diseñado el estudio y qué mide el estudio.

¿Cómo está diseñado el estudio?

Detalles de diseño

  • Propósito principal: Otro
  • Asignación: Aleatorizado
  • Modelo Intervencionista: Asignación paralela
  • Enmascaramiento: Doble

Armas e Intervenciones

Grupo de participantes/brazo
Intervención / Tratamiento
Experimental: Dental Trauma First-Aid Mobile Application

Parents receive a purpose-built mobile application containing approximately six modules with guideline-based dental trauma recognition and first-aid instruction, videos, diagrams, decision algorithms and quizzes. A trained assistant provides an approximately 10-minute orientation. Participants are encouraged to complete the modules within two weeks and may access the app throughout four weeks, with reminders on days 7 and 14.

Printed educational material with diagrams and action checklists for dental avulsion, luxation, fractures and soft-tissue injury. Self-reported reading frequency and duration are collected.

Experimental: Dental Trauma AI Chatbot

Parents receive a link or QR code to an AI chatbot that answers free-text dental-trauma first-aid questions and offers guided scenarios based on a curated guideline-based knowledge base. Access is on demand throughout the four-week intervention; no minimum session count is required. Research staff review chat logs for safety.

Printed educational material with diagrams and action checklists for dental avulsion, luxation, fractures and soft-tissue injury. Self-reported reading frequency and duration are collected.

Comparador activo: Printed Dental Trauma First-Aid Booklet

Parents receive an approximately 12-page A5 printed booklet with the same core dental-trauma first-aid education. A standardized two-minute handover is provided, without scheduled follow-up reminders; booklet use is self-directed over four weeks.

Printed educational material with diagrams and action checklists for dental avulsion, luxation, fractures and soft-tissue injury. Self-reported reading frequency and duration are collected.

¿Qué mide el estudio?

Medidas de resultado primarias

Medida de resultado
Medida Descripción
Periodo de tiempo
Parental Knowledge of Dental Trauma Emergency Management at Week 4
Periodo de tiempo: Baseline and 4 weeks after randomization (primary comparison at week 4)

Measured by the study-specific 20-item Parental Dental Trauma Knowledge Questionnaire (PDTKQ), comprising multiple-choice items based on dental-trauma first-aid guidance. Scores range from 0 to 100; higher scores indicate better knowledge. Primary analysis compares week-4 scores between randomized groups, adjusting for baseline scores.

Baseline and 4 weeks after randomization (primary comparison at week 4)
Dental Trauma Emergency Decision-Making Accuracy at Week 4
Periodo de tiempo: 4 weeks after randomization (primary comparison); 12-week results recorded separately as follow-up

Measured by a study-specific Dental Trauma Emergency Decision-Making Scenario Test comprising five clinical vignettes addressing avulsion, luxation, crown/root fracture and soft-tissue injury. Scored from 0 to 100 for correctness, completeness and timeliness; higher scores represent more accurate decisions.

4 weeks after randomization (primary comparison); 12-week results recorded separately as follow-up

Medidas de resultado secundarias

Medida de resultado
Medida Descripción
Periodo de tiempo
Knowledge Retention at Week 12
Periodo de tiempo: 4 and 12 weeks after randomization

Change in PDTKQ score from week 4 to week 12 (0-100 scale; positive values indicate increased knowledge).

4 and 12 weeks after randomization
Parent Confidence in Dental Emergency Management
Periodo de tiempo: Baseline, 4 and 12 weeks after randomization

Study-specific 10-item confidence scale with responses scored 0-10 per item. Specify sum/mean and exact final range before submission.

Baseline, 4 and 12 weeks after randomization
Satisfaction With Assigned Education Resource
Periodo de tiempo: 4 weeks after randomization

Study-specific 12-item satisfaction survey administered in all three groups; define scoring and interpretation in the final protocol.

4 weeks after randomization
Usability of Digital Education Resource
Periodo de tiempo: 4 weeks after randomization

System Usability Scale (SUS) completed in the app and AI chatbot arms only; report standard 0-100 SUS score (higher indicates greater perceived usability).

4 weeks after randomization
Engagement With Assigned Educational Resource
Periodo de tiempo: During the first 4 weeks after randomization

For app: sessions, modules completed and time on task; for chatbot: sessions and messages; for print: self-reported reading frequency and time. Modality-specific metrics are not directly equivalent and may require separate outcome records.

During the first 4 weeks after randomization
Correct Emergency Response to Tooth Avulsion
Periodo de tiempo: 4 and 12 weeks after randomization

Prespecified avulsion-vignette subscore from decision-making scenario test, assessing appropriate immediate management. The scoring range must be specified. Distinguish primary-tooth versus permanent-tooth avulsion in the final wording.

4 and 12 weeks after randomization

Otras medidas de resultado

Medida de resultado
Medida Descripción
Periodo de tiempo
Parent Anxiety About Managing Dental Emergencies
Periodo de tiempo: Baseline and 4 weeks after randomization

Single-item 0-10 numeric rating scale for anxiety, with higher values indicating greater anxiety; clarify exact question text in protocol.

Baseline and 4 weeks after randomization
Knowledge Score at Week 12
Periodo de tiempo: 12 weeks after randomization

PDTKQ total score 0-100, higher scores indicate better knowledge.

12 weeks after randomization
Emergency Decision-Making Accuracy at Week 12
Periodo de tiempo: 12 weeks after randomization

Scenario test score 0-100, higher scores indicate better emergency decisions.

12 weeks after randomization

Colaboradores e Investigadores

Aquí es donde encontrará personas y organizaciones involucradas en este estudio.

Patrocinador

Investigadores

  • Investigador principal: Bikash Chaurasia, MDS, Lincoln University College

Fechas de registro del estudio

Estas fechas rastrean el progreso del registro del estudio y los envíos de resultados resumidos a ClinicalTrials.gov. Los registros del estudio y los resultados informados son revisados ​​por la Biblioteca Nacional de Medicina (NLM) para asegurarse de que cumplan con los estándares de control de calidad específicos antes de publicarlos en el sitio web público.

Fechas importantes del estudio

Inicio del estudio (Estimado)

15 de diciembre de 2026

Finalización primaria (Estimado)

15 de abril de 2027

Finalización del estudio (Estimado)

15 de mayo de 2027

Fechas de registro del estudio

Enviado por primera vez

3 de noviembre de 2026

Primero enviado que cumplió con los criterios de control de calidad

3 de noviembre de 2026

Publicado por primera vez (Actual)

9 de noviembre de 2026

Actualizaciones de registros de estudio

Última actualización publicada (Actual)

9 de noviembre de 2026

Última actualización enviada que cumplió con los criterios de control de calidad

3 de noviembre de 2026

Última verificación

1 de noviembre de 2026

Más información

Términos relacionados con este estudio

Otros números de identificación del estudio

  • LUC/SOD/2026/18222/CT4

Plan de datos de participantes individuales (IPD)

¿Planea compartir datos de participantes individuales (IPD)?

SÍ

Descripción del plan IPD

De-identified participant-level data for primary and secondary outcomes, with selected demographic and baseline variables, may be shared after publication subject to review of a scientifically sound proposal and an executed data-use/confidentiality agreement.

Marco de tiempo para compartir IPD

From 12 months through 5 years after publication of the main trial results. No sharing before publication.

Criterios de acceso compartido de IPD

Qualified researchers may submit a methodologically sound proposal to the principal investigator. Requests will be reviewed by the principal investigator and primary sponsor and require approval and a signed data-access/confidentiality agreement. Contact: drbikashaiims@gmail.com.

Información sobre medicamentos y dispositivos, documentos del estudio

Estudia un producto farmacéutico regulado por la FDA de EE. UU.

No

Estudia un producto de dispositivo regulado por la FDA de EE. UU.

No

Esta información se obtuvo directamente del sitio web clinicaltrials.gov sin cambios. Si tiene alguna solicitud para cambiar, eliminar o actualizar los detalles de su estudio, comuníquese con register@clinicaltrials.gov. Tan pronto como se implemente un cambio en clinicaltrials.gov, también se actualizará automáticamente en nuestro sitio web. .