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A Difference-In-Differences Analysis of New Persistent Opioid Use After Surgery

15 de marzo de 2021 actualizado por: Chad Brummett, University of Michigan

Using Difference-in-Differences to Evaluate the Effect of a Statewide Quality Improvement Program on New Persistent Opioid Use After Surgery

The Michigan Opioid Prescribing and Engagement Network (M-OPEN) was established in 2016 with the goal of reducing excessive opioid prescribing after surgery using evidence-based prescribing guidelines. Beginning in July 2016, M-OPEN began a statewide quality improvement campaign to educate providers and share prescribing best practices. This retrospective study examines the effect of these efforts on new persistent opioid use after surgery compared to other states where no such program existed using a difference-in-differences approach.

Descripción general del estudio

Estado

Terminado

Condiciones

Intervención / Tratamiento

Descripción detallada

In the United States, surgical care has become a gateway for chronic opioid dependence and its associated morbidity. Between 5-10% of patients who receive opioids for postoperative pain control go on to develop long-term opioid use. This translates to more than 2 million previously opioid-naïve individuals developing chronic opioid use after surgery each year. Persistent opioid use after surgery is associated with increased readmissions, healthcare utilization, and healthcare expenditures. Critically, long-term opioid use increases the risk of overdose and death in patients who, prior to their surgery, had no exposure to opioids.

Growing recognition of this problem has led to numerous efforts aimed at reducing opioid-associated morbidity after surgery. These include legislative limits on opioid prescribing for acute pain, procedure-specific prescribing guidelines based on patient-reported opioid use, and opioid-sparing pain management pathways. In Michigan specifically, the Michigan Opioid Prescribing and Engagement Network (M-OPEN) led a statewide quality improvement effort beginning in 2016 that focused on provider education using evidence-based opioid prescribing guidelines. Previously, these guidelines have been shown to significantly reduce excessive postoperative opioid prescribing across the state, however it is currently unknown whether these efforts have had any effect on the actual incidence of persistent opioid use after surgery.

Therefore, the current study will evaluate the incidence of new persistent opioid use before and after the establishment of M-OPEN in Michigan. Beginning in 2016, a statewide quality improvement initiative was undertaken in Michigan to improve postoperative opioid prescribing. In order to accomplish this goal, this study will use a difference-in-differences approach to compare new persistent opioid use in Michigan before and after 2016 to other states where no such quality improvement effort existed.

Tipo de estudio

De observación

Inscripción (Actual)

30000

Contactos y Ubicaciones

Esta sección proporciona los datos de contacto de quienes realizan el estudio e información sobre dónde se lleva a cabo este estudio.

Ubicaciones de estudio

  • Estados Unidos
    • Michigan
      • Ann Arbor, Michigan, Estados Unidos, 48109
        • University of Michigan

Criterios de participación

Los investigadores buscan personas que se ajusten a una determinada descripción, denominada criterio de elegibilidad. Algunos ejemplos de estos criterios son el estado de salud general de una persona o tratamientos previos.

Criterio de elegibilidad

Edades elegibles para estudiar

18 años y mayores (Adulto, Adulto Mayor)

Acepta Voluntarios Saludables

Sí

Géneros elegibles para el estudio

Todos

Método de muestreo

Muestra no probabilística

Población de estudio

Data for this study will be obtained from the Truven Health MarketScan database, which is a national data set of employer-based insurance claims. Patients in the database who underwent one of the eligible procedures will be identified using Current Procedural Terminology codes that correspond to the specific operations under analysis.

Descripción

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Adult patients (18 years and older)
  • Patients undergoing one of the following procedures: laparoscopic cholecystectomy, laparoscopic appendectomy, minor hernia repair (including laparoscopic or open inguinal, femoral, umbilical, and epigastric hernia repair), open and laparoscopic ventral/incisional hernia repair, laparoscopic colectomy, open colectomy, vaginal hysterectomy, laparoscopic hysterectomy, and open abdominal hysterectomy
  • Patients who underwent surgery between January 1, 2013 and December 31, 2019

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Patients who are not opioid-naive at the time of surgery, defined as filling 1 or more opioid prescriptions between the 12 months to 31 days prior to surgery
  • Patients without continuous insurance enrollment for at least 12 months before and at least 6 months after the date of surgery
  • Patients still in the hospital on postoperative day 30
  • Patients not discharged home after surgery
  • Patients who underwent another surgery within 6 months of their index operation

Plan de estudios

Esta sección proporciona detalles del plan de estudio, incluido cómo está diseñado el estudio y qué mide el estudio.

¿Cómo está diseñado el estudio?

Detalles de diseño

Cohortes e Intervenciones

Grupo / Cohorte
Intervención / Tratamiento
Patients undergoing surgery
Retrospective cohort of patients who underwent surgery between 1/1/13 to 12/31/19 and were sampled from the Truven Health MarketScan Database.
Otro: Retrospective analysis of opioid use after surgery
Retrospective analysis of opioid use after one of the following surgical procedure categories: laparoscopic cholecystectomy, laparoscopic appendectomy, minor hernia repair (including laparoscopic or open inguinal, femoral, umbilical, and epigastric hernia repair), open and laparoscopic ventral/incisional hernia repair, laparoscopic colectomy, open colectomy, vaginal hysterectomy, laparoscopic hysterectomy, and open abdominal hysterectomy.

¿Qué mide el estudio?

Medidas de resultado primarias

Medida de resultado
Medida Descripción
Periodo de tiempo
The change in the incidence of new persistent opioid use before and after July 2016 in Michigan compared to all other states.
Periodo de tiempo: Postoperative days 4 to 180
Among patients who undergo surgery, new persistent opioid use is defined as filling an opioid prescription in post-discharge days 4-90 and filling another opioid prescription in post-discharge days 91-180. This incidence will be measured from 1/1/13-6/30/16 (before M-OPEN established) and from 7/1/16-12/31/19 (after M-OPEN established) and the change before and after this date will be compared between Michigan and all other states (the difference-in-differences). Outcomes will be measured at 1 year, 2 years, and 3 years post-intervention.
Postoperative days 4 to 180

Medidas de resultado secundarias

Medida de resultado
Medida Descripción
Periodo de tiempo
The change in the incidence of new persistent opioid use before and after July 2016 in Michigan compared to Indiana and Wisconsin
Periodo de tiempo: Postoperative days 4 to 180
Among patients who undergo surgery, new persistent opioid use is defined as filling an opioid prescription in post-discharge days 4-90 and filling another opioid prescription in post-discharge days 91-180. This incidence will be measured from 1/1/13-6/30/16 (before M-OPEN established) and from 7/1/16-12/31/19 (after M-OPEN established) and the change before and after this date will be compared between Michigan and Indiana/Wisconsin (the difference-in-differences). Outcomes will be measured at 1 year, 2 years, and 3 years post-intervention.
Postoperative days 4 to 180
The change in the incidence of new persistent opioid use before and after July 2016 in Michigan compared to 11 other Midwest states (Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin).
Periodo de tiempo: Postoperative days 4 to 180
Among patients who undergo surgery, new persistent opioid use is defined as filling an opioid prescription in post-discharge days 4-90 and filling another opioid prescription in post-discharge days 91-180. This incidence will be measured from 1/1/13-6/30/16 (before M-OPEN established) and from 7/1/16-12/31/19 (after M-OPEN established) and the change before and after this date will be compared between Michigan and 11 other Midwest states. Outcomes will be measured at 1 year, 2 years, and 3 years post-intervention.
Postoperative days 4 to 180

Colaboradores e Investigadores

Aquí es donde encontrará personas y organizaciones involucradas en este estudio.

Patrocinador

University of Michigan

Investigadores

  • Investigador principal: Chad Brummett, MD, University of Michigan

Publicaciones y enlaces útiles

La persona responsable de ingresar información sobre el estudio proporciona voluntariamente estas publicaciones. Estos pueden ser sobre cualquier cosa relacionada con el estudio.

Publicaciones Generales

Fechas de registro del estudio

Estas fechas rastrean el progreso del registro del estudio y los envíos de resultados resumidos a ClinicalTrials.gov. Los registros del estudio y los resultados informados son revisados ​​por la Biblioteca Nacional de Medicina (NLM) para asegurarse de que cumplan con los estándares de control de calidad específicos antes de publicarlos en el sitio web público.

Fechas importantes del estudio

Inicio del estudio (Actual)

1 de enero de 2013

Finalización primaria (Actual)

31 de diciembre de 2019

Finalización del estudio (Actual)

31 de diciembre de 2019

Fechas de registro del estudio

Enviado por primera vez

15 de marzo de 2021

Primero enviado que cumplió con los criterios de control de calidad

15 de marzo de 2021

Publicado por primera vez (Actual)

18 de marzo de 2021

Actualizaciones de registros de estudio

Última actualización publicada (Actual)

18 de marzo de 2021

Última actualización enviada que cumplió con los criterios de control de calidad

15 de marzo de 2021

Última verificación

1 de octubre de 2020

Más información

Términos relacionados con este estudio

Términos MeSH relevantes adicionales

Otros números de identificación del estudio

  • HUM00119139

Plan de datos de participantes individuales (IPD)

¿Planea compartir datos de participantes individuales (IPD)?

NO

Información sobre medicamentos y dispositivos, documentos del estudio

Estudia un producto farmacéutico regulado por la FDA de EE. UU.

No

Estudia un producto de dispositivo regulado por la FDA de EE. UU.

No

Esta información se obtuvo directamente del sitio web clinicaltrials.gov sin cambios. Si tiene alguna solicitud para cambiar, eliminar o actualizar los detalles de su estudio, comuníquese con register@clinicaltrials.gov. Tan pronto como se implemente un cambio en clinicaltrials.gov, también se actualizará automáticamente en nuestro sitio web. .

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