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Optimal Treatment Strategy for Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis

2 novembre 2026 mis à jour par: Jae Hyun Yoon, Chonnam National University Hospital

Randomized Controlled Study of Optimal Treatment Strategy for Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis in Liver Cirrhosis: A Pilot Study

Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) is a serious infection that occurs in patients with liver cirrhosis and ascites and is associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. Current clinical practice often includes follow-up paracentesis approximately 48 hours after starting antibiotic treatment to assess the change in the ascitic fluid polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) count. However, it remains uncertain whether routine follow-up paracentesis improves clinical outcomes compared with a strategy based primarily on clinical response.

This pilot randomized controlled trial will evaluate whether routine follow-up paracentesis is necessary in patients with cirrhosis and SBP. A total of 40 adult patients with SBP will be randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to either a routine follow-up paracentesis group or a no-routine follow-up paracentesis group. All participants will receive standard antibiotic therapy and intravenous albumin according to the study protocol.

Participants assigned to the routine follow-up paracentesis group will undergo repeat paracentesis approximately 48 hours after initiation of antibiotic therapy. Ascitic fluid PMN counts and other laboratory findings will be assessed, and antibiotic treatment may be modified according to the treatment response. Participants assigned to the no-routine follow-up paracentesis group will be monitored using clinical symptoms, vital signs, and blood inflammatory markers without scheduled repeat paracentesis. However, paracentesis may be performed at any time if clinically indicated, such as in the presence of worsening abdominal symptoms, persistent fever, or hemodynamic instability.

The study will compare clinical outcomes between the two treatment strategies, including 30-day and 90-day survival, treatment response, duration of antibiotic therapy, length of hospital stay, SBP recurrence, complications, new infections, and medical costs. The results of this pilot study are intended to provide preliminary evidence for determining whether routine follow-up paracentesis can be safely avoided in selected patients with SBP and to inform the design of a larger randomized controlled trial.

Aperçu de l'étude

Statut

Recrutement

Les conditions

Intervention / Traitement

Type d'étude

Interventionnel

Inscription (Estimé)

40

Phase

  • N'est pas applicable

Contacts et emplacements

Cette section fournit les coordonnées de ceux qui mènent l'étude et des informations sur le lieu où cette étude est menée.

Coordonnées de l'étude

  • Nom: Eun-chae Yoo, CRC(Clinical research coordinator)
  • Numéro de téléphone: +82-62-220-6216
  • E-mail: karenaec5@daum.net

Lieux d'étude

    • Gwangju
      • Gwangju, Gwangju, Corée du Sud, 61469
        • Recrutement
        • Chonnam National University Hospital
        • Contact:
          • Jae Hyun Yoon, Assistant Professor, M.D., Ph.D.
          • Numéro de téléphone: +82-62-220-6216
          • E-mail: zenmake14@gmail.com

Critères de participation

Les chercheurs recherchent des personnes qui correspondent à une certaine description, appelée critères d'éligibilité. Certains exemples de ces critères sont l'état de santé général d'une personne ou des traitements antérieurs.

Critère d'éligibilité

Âges éligibles pour étudier

18 ans et plus (Adulte, Adulte plus âgé)

Accepte les volontaires sains

Non

Sexes éligibles pour l'étude

Tout

La description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Adults aged 18 years or older
  • Diagnosis of liver cirrhosis based on clinical, histologic, or imaging findings
  • Diagnosis of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis confirmed by an ascitic fluid polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) count of ≥250 cells/mm³ at initial paracentesis
  • Ability and willingness to provide written informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Suspected secondary bacterial peritonitis, including suspected perforation of a gastrointestinal organ
  • Inability to safely undergo paracentesis, defined as platelet count <20,000/mm³ or prothrombin time international normalized ratio (PT-INR) >3.0
  • Active bleeding or shock
  • Expected survival of less than 48 hours
  • Pregnancy or breastfeeding
  • Previous ascitic fluid or blood culture demonstrating resistance to cefotaxime or ceftriaxone
  • Any other condition that, in the investigator's judgment, would prevent adherence to the study protocol

Plan d'étude

Cette section fournit des détails sur le plan d'étude, y compris la façon dont l'étude est conçue et ce que l'étude mesure.

Comment l'étude est-elle conçue ?

Détails de conception

  • Objectif principal: Diagnostique
  • Répartition: Randomisé
  • Modèle interventionnel: Affectation parallèle
  • Masquage: Aucun (étiquette ouverte)

Armes et Interventions

Groupe de participants / Bras
Intervention / Traitement
Expérimental: A (Routine Follow-up Paracentesis)

Routine follow-up paracentesis approximately 48 hours after initiation of antibiotic therapy.

Participants assigned to the routine follow-up paracentesis arm will undergo repeat paracentesis approximately 48 hours after initiation of antibiotic therapy for spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. Ascitic fluid will be analyzed for polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) count, bacterial culture and antimicrobial susceptibility, and biochemical parameters. If the ascitic fluid PMN count has not decreased by at least 25% from baseline, antibiotic therapy may be escalated according to the study protocol. Standard antibiotic therapy and intravenous albumin will be administered according to the study protocol.

Comparateur actif: B (No Routine Follow-up Paracentesis)

No routine follow-up paracentesis; paracentesis will be performed only when clinically indicated.

Participants will not undergo scheduled follow-up paracentesis at approximately 48 hours. Treatment response will be assessed based on clinical symptoms, vital signs, and blood inflammatory markers. Paracentesis may be performed if clinically indicated, such as for worsening abdominal symptoms, persistent fever, or hemodynamic instability. Standard antibiotic therapy and intravenous albumin will be administered according to the study protocol.

Que mesure l'étude ?

Principaux critères de jugement

Mesure des résultats
Description de la mesure
Délai
30 Day Overall Survival
Délai: 30 days after randomization

The proportion of participants who are alive at 30 days after randomization. Survival status will be assessed during hospitalization or through outpatient follow-up or telephone contact after discharge.

30 days after randomization
90 Day Overall Survival
Délai: 90 days after randomization

The proportion of participants who are alive at 90 days after randomization. Survival status will be assessed during hospitalization or through outpatient follow-up or telephone contact after discharge.

90 days after randomization

Mesures de résultats secondaires

Mesure des résultats
Description de la mesure
Délai
Length of Hospital Stay
Délai: From hospital admission to discharge, assessed up to 90 days

Total number of days from hospital admission to discharge.

From hospital admission to discharge, assessed up to 90 days
Antibiotic-Related Adverse Events
Délai: Through index hospital discharge, assessed up to 90 days

The proportion of participants experiencing antibiotic-related adverse events, including Clostridioides difficile-associated diarrhea, drug allergy, or anaphylaxis.

Through index hospital discharge, assessed up to 90 days
Duration of Antibiotic Therapy
Délai: From initiation of antibiotic therapy to discontinuation or hospital discharge, assessed up to 90 days

Total number of days of systemic antibiotic treatment administered for spontaneous bacterial peritonitis during the index hospitalization.

From initiation of antibiotic therapy to discontinuation or hospital discharge, assessed up to 90 days
Recurrence of Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis
Délai: Up to 90 days after randomization

The proportion of participants who develop recurrent spontaneous bacterial peritonitis within 90 days after randomization.

Up to 90 days after randomization
New Infection During Hospitalization
Délai: Through index hospital discharge, assessed up to 90 days

The proportion of participants who develop a new infection other than the initial episode of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis during the index hospitalization.

Through index hospital discharge, assessed up to 90 days
Cirrhosis-Related Complications
Délai: Up to 90 days after randomization

The proportion of participants who develop major cirrhosis-related complications, including hepatorenal syndrome or clinically significant bleeding, during follow-up.

Up to 90 days after randomization
Medical Costs
Délai: Total direct medical costs (in Korean Won or USD) incurred during the index hospitalization, including costs associated with paracentesis, laboratory testing, antibiotic treatment, and other inpatient care, as assessed from hospital billing records.

Total medical costs incurred during the index hospitalization, including costs associated with paracentesis, laboratory testing, antibiotic treatment, and other inpatient care.

Total direct medical costs (in Korean Won or USD) incurred during the index hospitalization, including costs associated with paracentesis, laboratory testing, antibiotic treatment, and other inpatient care, as assessed from hospital billing records.

Collaborateurs et enquêteurs

C'est ici que vous trouverez les personnes et les organisations impliquées dans cette étude.

Parrainer

Collaborateurs

Dates d'enregistrement des études

Ces dates suivent la progression des dossiers d'étude et des soumissions de résultats sommaires à ClinicalTrials.gov. Les dossiers d'étude et les résultats rapportés sont examinés par la Bibliothèque nationale de médecine (NLM) pour s'assurer qu'ils répondent à des normes de contrôle de qualité spécifiques avant d'être publiés sur le site Web public.

Dates principales de l'étude

Début de l'étude (Réel)

4 octobre 2026

Achèvement primaire (Estimé)

31 décembre 2027

Achèvement de l'étude (Estimé)

31 décembre 2028

Dates d'inscription aux études

Première soumission

28 octobre 2026

Première soumission répondant aux critères de contrôle qualité

2 novembre 2026

Première publication (Réel)

6 novembre 2026

Mises à jour des dossiers d'étude

Dernière mise à jour publiée (Réel)

6 novembre 2026

Dernière mise à jour soumise répondant aux critères de contrôle qualité

2 novembre 2026

Dernière vérification

1 septembre 2026

Plus d'information

Termes liés à cette étude

Autres numéros d'identification d'étude

  • CNUH-2026-313

Plan pour les données individuelles des participants (IPD)

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INDÉCIS

Description du régime IPD

De-identified individual participant data collected during the study, including data dictionaries, will be shared upon reasonable request directed to the principal investigator.

Informations sur les médicaments et les dispositifs, documents d'étude

Étudie un produit pharmaceutique réglementé par la FDA américaine

Non

Étudie un produit d'appareil réglementé par la FDA américaine

Non

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