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Optimal Treatment Strategy for Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis

2. november 2026 oppdatert av: Jae Hyun Yoon, Chonnam National University Hospital

Randomized Controlled Study of Optimal Treatment Strategy for Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis in Liver Cirrhosis: A Pilot Study

Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) is a serious infection that occurs in patients with liver cirrhosis and ascites and is associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. Current clinical practice often includes follow-up paracentesis approximately 48 hours after starting antibiotic treatment to assess the change in the ascitic fluid polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) count. However, it remains uncertain whether routine follow-up paracentesis improves clinical outcomes compared with a strategy based primarily on clinical response.

This pilot randomized controlled trial will evaluate whether routine follow-up paracentesis is necessary in patients with cirrhosis and SBP. A total of 40 adult patients with SBP will be randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to either a routine follow-up paracentesis group or a no-routine follow-up paracentesis group. All participants will receive standard antibiotic therapy and intravenous albumin according to the study protocol.

Participants assigned to the routine follow-up paracentesis group will undergo repeat paracentesis approximately 48 hours after initiation of antibiotic therapy. Ascitic fluid PMN counts and other laboratory findings will be assessed, and antibiotic treatment may be modified according to the treatment response. Participants assigned to the no-routine follow-up paracentesis group will be monitored using clinical symptoms, vital signs, and blood inflammatory markers without scheduled repeat paracentesis. However, paracentesis may be performed at any time if clinically indicated, such as in the presence of worsening abdominal symptoms, persistent fever, or hemodynamic instability.

The study will compare clinical outcomes between the two treatment strategies, including 30-day and 90-day survival, treatment response, duration of antibiotic therapy, length of hospital stay, SBP recurrence, complications, new infections, and medical costs. The results of this pilot study are intended to provide preliminary evidence for determining whether routine follow-up paracentesis can be safely avoided in selected patients with SBP and to inform the design of a larger randomized controlled trial.

Studieoversikt

Status

Rekruttering

Forhold

Intervensjon / Behandling

Studietype

Intervensjonell

Registrering (Antatt)

40

Fase

  • Ikke aktuelt

Kontakter og plasseringer

Denne delen inneholder kontaktinformasjon for de som utfører studien, og informasjon om hvor denne studien blir utført.

Studiekontakt

  • Navn: Eun-chae Yoo, CRC(Clinical research coordinator)
  • Telefonnummer: +82-62-220-6216
  • E-post: karenaec5@daum.net

Studiesteder

    • Gwangju
      • Gwangju, Gwangju, Sør -Korea, 61469
        • Rekruttering
        • Chonnam National University Hospital
        • Ta kontakt med:
          • Jae Hyun Yoon, Assistant Professor, M.D., Ph.D.
          • Telefonnummer: +82-62-220-6216
          • E-post: zenmake14@gmail.com

Deltakelseskriterier

Forskere ser etter personer som passer til en bestemt beskrivelse, kalt kvalifikasjonskriterier. Noen eksempler på disse kriteriene er en persons generelle helsetilstand eller tidligere behandlinger.

Kvalifikasjonskriterier

Alder som er kvalifisert for studier

18 år og eldre (Voksen, Eldre voksen)

Tar imot friske frivillige

Nei

Kjønn som er kvalifisert for studier

Alle

Beskrivelse

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Adults aged 18 years or older
  • Diagnosis of liver cirrhosis based on clinical, histologic, or imaging findings
  • Diagnosis of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis confirmed by an ascitic fluid polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) count of ≥250 cells/mm³ at initial paracentesis
  • Ability and willingness to provide written informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Suspected secondary bacterial peritonitis, including suspected perforation of a gastrointestinal organ
  • Inability to safely undergo paracentesis, defined as platelet count <20,000/mm³ or prothrombin time international normalized ratio (PT-INR) >3.0
  • Active bleeding or shock
  • Expected survival of less than 48 hours
  • Pregnancy or breastfeeding
  • Previous ascitic fluid or blood culture demonstrating resistance to cefotaxime or ceftriaxone
  • Any other condition that, in the investigator's judgment, would prevent adherence to the study protocol

Studieplan

Denne delen gir detaljer om studieplanen, inkludert hvordan studien er utformet og hva studien måler.

Hvordan er studiet utformet?

Designdetaljer

  • Primært formål: Diagnostisk
  • Tildeling: Randomisert
  • Intervensjonsmodell: Parallell tildeling
  • Masking: Ingen (Open Label)

Våpen og intervensjoner

Deltakergruppe / Arm
Intervensjon / Behandling
Eksperimentell: A (Routine Follow-up Paracentesis)

Routine follow-up paracentesis approximately 48 hours after initiation of antibiotic therapy.

Participants assigned to the routine follow-up paracentesis arm will undergo repeat paracentesis approximately 48 hours after initiation of antibiotic therapy for spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. Ascitic fluid will be analyzed for polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) count, bacterial culture and antimicrobial susceptibility, and biochemical parameters. If the ascitic fluid PMN count has not decreased by at least 25% from baseline, antibiotic therapy may be escalated according to the study protocol. Standard antibiotic therapy and intravenous albumin will be administered according to the study protocol.

Aktiv komparator: B (No Routine Follow-up Paracentesis)

No routine follow-up paracentesis; paracentesis will be performed only when clinically indicated.

Participants will not undergo scheduled follow-up paracentesis at approximately 48 hours. Treatment response will be assessed based on clinical symptoms, vital signs, and blood inflammatory markers. Paracentesis may be performed if clinically indicated, such as for worsening abdominal symptoms, persistent fever, or hemodynamic instability. Standard antibiotic therapy and intravenous albumin will be administered according to the study protocol.

Hva måler studien?

Primære resultatmål

Resultatmål
Tiltaksbeskrivelse
Tidsramme
30 Day Overall Survival
Tidsramme: 30 days after randomization

The proportion of participants who are alive at 30 days after randomization. Survival status will be assessed during hospitalization or through outpatient follow-up or telephone contact after discharge.

30 days after randomization
90 Day Overall Survival
Tidsramme: 90 days after randomization

The proportion of participants who are alive at 90 days after randomization. Survival status will be assessed during hospitalization or through outpatient follow-up or telephone contact after discharge.

90 days after randomization

Sekundære resultatmål

Resultatmål
Tiltaksbeskrivelse
Tidsramme
Length of Hospital Stay
Tidsramme: From hospital admission to discharge, assessed up to 90 days

Total number of days from hospital admission to discharge.

From hospital admission to discharge, assessed up to 90 days
Antibiotic-Related Adverse Events
Tidsramme: Through index hospital discharge, assessed up to 90 days

The proportion of participants experiencing antibiotic-related adverse events, including Clostridioides difficile-associated diarrhea, drug allergy, or anaphylaxis.

Through index hospital discharge, assessed up to 90 days
Duration of Antibiotic Therapy
Tidsramme: From initiation of antibiotic therapy to discontinuation or hospital discharge, assessed up to 90 days

Total number of days of systemic antibiotic treatment administered for spontaneous bacterial peritonitis during the index hospitalization.

From initiation of antibiotic therapy to discontinuation or hospital discharge, assessed up to 90 days
Recurrence of Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis
Tidsramme: Up to 90 days after randomization

The proportion of participants who develop recurrent spontaneous bacterial peritonitis within 90 days after randomization.

Up to 90 days after randomization
New Infection During Hospitalization
Tidsramme: Through index hospital discharge, assessed up to 90 days

The proportion of participants who develop a new infection other than the initial episode of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis during the index hospitalization.

Through index hospital discharge, assessed up to 90 days
Cirrhosis-Related Complications
Tidsramme: Up to 90 days after randomization

The proportion of participants who develop major cirrhosis-related complications, including hepatorenal syndrome or clinically significant bleeding, during follow-up.

Up to 90 days after randomization
Medical Costs
Tidsramme: Total direct medical costs (in Korean Won or USD) incurred during the index hospitalization, including costs associated with paracentesis, laboratory testing, antibiotic treatment, and other inpatient care, as assessed from hospital billing records.

Total medical costs incurred during the index hospitalization, including costs associated with paracentesis, laboratory testing, antibiotic treatment, and other inpatient care.

Total direct medical costs (in Korean Won or USD) incurred during the index hospitalization, including costs associated with paracentesis, laboratory testing, antibiotic treatment, and other inpatient care, as assessed from hospital billing records.

Samarbeidspartnere og etterforskere

Det er her du vil finne personer og organisasjoner som er involvert i denne studien.

Sponsor

Samarbeidspartnere

Studierekorddatoer

Disse datoene sporer fremdriften for innsending av studieposter og sammendragsresultater til ClinicalTrials.gov. Studieposter og rapporterte resultater gjennomgås av National Library of Medicine (NLM) for å sikre at de oppfyller spesifikke kvalitetskontrollstandarder før de legges ut på det offentlige nettstedet.

Studer hoveddatoer

Studiestart (Faktiske)

4. oktober 2026

Primær fullføring (Antatt)

31. desember 2027

Studiet fullført (Antatt)

31. desember 2028

Datoer for studieregistrering

Først innsendt

28. oktober 2026

Først innsendt som oppfylte QC-kriteriene

2. november 2026

Først lagt ut (Faktiske)

6. november 2026

Oppdateringer av studieposter

Sist oppdatering lagt ut (Faktiske)

6. november 2026

Siste oppdatering sendt inn som oppfylte QC-kriteriene

2. november 2026

Sist bekreftet

1. september 2026

Mer informasjon

Begreper knyttet til denne studien

Andre studie-ID-numre

  • CNUH-2026-313

Plan for individuelle deltakerdata (IPD)

Planlegger du å dele individuelle deltakerdata (IPD)?

UBESLUTTE

IPD-planbeskrivelse

De-identified individual participant data collected during the study, including data dictionaries, will be shared upon reasonable request directed to the principal investigator.

Legemiddel- og utstyrsinformasjon, studiedokumenter

Studerer et amerikansk FDA-regulert medikamentprodukt

Nei

Studerer et amerikansk FDA-regulert enhetsprodukt

Nei

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