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Optimal Treatment Strategy for Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis

2 de novembro de 2026 atualizado por: Jae Hyun Yoon, Chonnam National University Hospital

Randomized Controlled Study of Optimal Treatment Strategy for Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis in Liver Cirrhosis: A Pilot Study

Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) is a serious infection that occurs in patients with liver cirrhosis and ascites and is associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. Current clinical practice often includes follow-up paracentesis approximately 48 hours after starting antibiotic treatment to assess the change in the ascitic fluid polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) count. However, it remains uncertain whether routine follow-up paracentesis improves clinical outcomes compared with a strategy based primarily on clinical response.

This pilot randomized controlled trial will evaluate whether routine follow-up paracentesis is necessary in patients with cirrhosis and SBP. A total of 40 adult patients with SBP will be randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to either a routine follow-up paracentesis group or a no-routine follow-up paracentesis group. All participants will receive standard antibiotic therapy and intravenous albumin according to the study protocol.

Participants assigned to the routine follow-up paracentesis group will undergo repeat paracentesis approximately 48 hours after initiation of antibiotic therapy. Ascitic fluid PMN counts and other laboratory findings will be assessed, and antibiotic treatment may be modified according to the treatment response. Participants assigned to the no-routine follow-up paracentesis group will be monitored using clinical symptoms, vital signs, and blood inflammatory markers without scheduled repeat paracentesis. However, paracentesis may be performed at any time if clinically indicated, such as in the presence of worsening abdominal symptoms, persistent fever, or hemodynamic instability.

The study will compare clinical outcomes between the two treatment strategies, including 30-day and 90-day survival, treatment response, duration of antibiotic therapy, length of hospital stay, SBP recurrence, complications, new infections, and medical costs. The results of this pilot study are intended to provide preliminary evidence for determining whether routine follow-up paracentesis can be safely avoided in selected patients with SBP and to inform the design of a larger randomized controlled trial.

Visão geral do estudo

Status

Recrutamento

Condições

Intervenção / Tratamento

Tipo de estudo

Intervencional

Inscrição (Estimado)

40

Estágio

  • Não aplicável

Contactos e Locais

Esta seção fornece os detalhes de contato para aqueles que conduzem o estudo e informações sobre onde este estudo está sendo realizado.

Contato de estudo

  • Nome: Eun-chae Yoo, CRC(Clinical research coordinator)
  • Número de telefone: +82-62-220-6216
  • E-mail: karenaec5@daum.net

Locais de estudo

    • Gwangju
      • Gwangju, Gwangju, Coréia do Sul, 61469
        • Recrutamento
        • Chonnam National University Hospital
        • Contato:
          • Jae Hyun Yoon, Assistant Professor, M.D., Ph.D.
          • Número de telefone: +82-62-220-6216
          • E-mail: zenmake14@gmail.com

Critérios de participação

Os pesquisadores procuram pessoas que se encaixem em uma determinada descrição, chamada de critérios de elegibilidade. Alguns exemplos desses critérios são a condição geral de saúde de uma pessoa ou tratamentos anteriores.

Critérios de elegibilidade

Idades elegíveis para estudo

18 anos e mais velhos (Adulto, Adulto mais velho)

Aceita Voluntários Saudáveis

Não

Gêneros Elegíveis para o Estudo

Tudo

Descrição

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Adults aged 18 years or older
  • Diagnosis of liver cirrhosis based on clinical, histologic, or imaging findings
  • Diagnosis of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis confirmed by an ascitic fluid polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) count of ≥250 cells/mm³ at initial paracentesis
  • Ability and willingness to provide written informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Suspected secondary bacterial peritonitis, including suspected perforation of a gastrointestinal organ
  • Inability to safely undergo paracentesis, defined as platelet count <20,000/mm³ or prothrombin time international normalized ratio (PT-INR) >3.0
  • Active bleeding or shock
  • Expected survival of less than 48 hours
  • Pregnancy or breastfeeding
  • Previous ascitic fluid or blood culture demonstrating resistance to cefotaxime or ceftriaxone
  • Any other condition that, in the investigator's judgment, would prevent adherence to the study protocol

Plano de estudo

Esta seção fornece detalhes do plano de estudo, incluindo como o estudo é projetado e o que o estudo está medindo.

Como o estudo é projetado?

Detalhes do projeto

  • Finalidade Principal: Diagnóstico
  • Alocação: Randomizado
  • Modelo Intervencional: Atribuição Paralela
  • Mascaramento: Nenhum (rótulo aberto)

Armas e Intervenções

Grupo de Participantes / Braço
Intervenção / Tratamento
Experimental: A (Routine Follow-up Paracentesis)

Routine follow-up paracentesis approximately 48 hours after initiation of antibiotic therapy.

Participants assigned to the routine follow-up paracentesis arm will undergo repeat paracentesis approximately 48 hours after initiation of antibiotic therapy for spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. Ascitic fluid will be analyzed for polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) count, bacterial culture and antimicrobial susceptibility, and biochemical parameters. If the ascitic fluid PMN count has not decreased by at least 25% from baseline, antibiotic therapy may be escalated according to the study protocol. Standard antibiotic therapy and intravenous albumin will be administered according to the study protocol.

Comparador Ativo: B (No Routine Follow-up Paracentesis)

No routine follow-up paracentesis; paracentesis will be performed only when clinically indicated.

Participants will not undergo scheduled follow-up paracentesis at approximately 48 hours. Treatment response will be assessed based on clinical symptoms, vital signs, and blood inflammatory markers. Paracentesis may be performed if clinically indicated, such as for worsening abdominal symptoms, persistent fever, or hemodynamic instability. Standard antibiotic therapy and intravenous albumin will be administered according to the study protocol.

O que o estudo está medindo?

Medidas de resultados primários

Medida de resultado
Descrição da medida
Prazo
30 Day Overall Survival
Prazo: 30 days after randomization

The proportion of participants who are alive at 30 days after randomization. Survival status will be assessed during hospitalization or through outpatient follow-up or telephone contact after discharge.

30 days after randomization
90 Day Overall Survival
Prazo: 90 days after randomization

The proportion of participants who are alive at 90 days after randomization. Survival status will be assessed during hospitalization or through outpatient follow-up or telephone contact after discharge.

90 days after randomization

Medidas de resultados secundários

Medida de resultado
Descrição da medida
Prazo
Length of Hospital Stay
Prazo: From hospital admission to discharge, assessed up to 90 days

Total number of days from hospital admission to discharge.

From hospital admission to discharge, assessed up to 90 days
Antibiotic-Related Adverse Events
Prazo: Through index hospital discharge, assessed up to 90 days

The proportion of participants experiencing antibiotic-related adverse events, including Clostridioides difficile-associated diarrhea, drug allergy, or anaphylaxis.

Through index hospital discharge, assessed up to 90 days
Duration of Antibiotic Therapy
Prazo: From initiation of antibiotic therapy to discontinuation or hospital discharge, assessed up to 90 days

Total number of days of systemic antibiotic treatment administered for spontaneous bacterial peritonitis during the index hospitalization.

From initiation of antibiotic therapy to discontinuation or hospital discharge, assessed up to 90 days
Recurrence of Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis
Prazo: Up to 90 days after randomization

The proportion of participants who develop recurrent spontaneous bacterial peritonitis within 90 days after randomization.

Up to 90 days after randomization
New Infection During Hospitalization
Prazo: Through index hospital discharge, assessed up to 90 days

The proportion of participants who develop a new infection other than the initial episode of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis during the index hospitalization.

Through index hospital discharge, assessed up to 90 days
Cirrhosis-Related Complications
Prazo: Up to 90 days after randomization

The proportion of participants who develop major cirrhosis-related complications, including hepatorenal syndrome or clinically significant bleeding, during follow-up.

Up to 90 days after randomization
Medical Costs
Prazo: Total direct medical costs (in Korean Won or USD) incurred during the index hospitalization, including costs associated with paracentesis, laboratory testing, antibiotic treatment, and other inpatient care, as assessed from hospital billing records.

Total medical costs incurred during the index hospitalization, including costs associated with paracentesis, laboratory testing, antibiotic treatment, and other inpatient care.

Total direct medical costs (in Korean Won or USD) incurred during the index hospitalization, including costs associated with paracentesis, laboratory testing, antibiotic treatment, and other inpatient care, as assessed from hospital billing records.

Colaboradores e Investigadores

É aqui que você encontrará pessoas e organizações envolvidas com este estudo.

Patrocinador

Colaboradores

Datas de registro do estudo

Essas datas acompanham o progresso do registro do estudo e os envios de resumo dos resultados para ClinicalTrials.gov. Os registros do estudo e os resultados relatados são revisados ​​pela National Library of Medicine (NLM) para garantir que atendam aos padrões específicos de controle de qualidade antes de serem publicados no site público.

Datas Principais do Estudo

Início do estudo (Real)

4 de outubro de 2026

Conclusão Primária (Estimado)

31 de dezembro de 2027

Conclusão do estudo (Estimado)

31 de dezembro de 2028

Datas de inscrição no estudo

Enviado pela primeira vez

28 de outubro de 2026

Enviado pela primeira vez que atendeu aos critérios de CQ

2 de novembro de 2026

Primeira postagem (Real)

6 de novembro de 2026

Atualizações de registro de estudo

Última Atualização Postada (Real)

6 de novembro de 2026

Última atualização enviada que atendeu aos critérios de controle de qualidade

2 de novembro de 2026

Última verificação

1 de setembro de 2026

Mais Informações

Termos relacionados a este estudo

Outros números de identificação do estudo

  • CNUH-2026-313

Plano para dados de participantes individuais (IPD)

Planeja compartilhar dados de participantes individuais (IPD)?

INDECISO

Descrição do plano IPD

De-identified individual participant data collected during the study, including data dictionaries, will be shared upon reasonable request directed to the principal investigator.

Informações sobre medicamentos e dispositivos, documentos de estudo

Estuda um medicamento regulamentado pela FDA dos EUA

Não

Estuda um produto de dispositivo regulamentado pela FDA dos EUA

Não

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