Two Different Dosages of Nebulized Steroid Versus Parenteral Steroid in the Management of COPD Exacerbations
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common disease that has a chronic and progressive course. Patients with COPD may have exacerbations one to four times in a year. Numbers of exacerbations are important because of increased morbidity and mortality and healthcare costs.
Systemic corticosteroids (SC) are recommended in the management of exacerbations of COPD as well as bronchodilator, oxygen and antibacterial treatment by all international guidelines. However, there are still some concerns about systemic corticosteroid use because COPD patients are older and relatively immobilized. In addition, exacerbation rate is significantly higher in a group of COPD patients, and these patients need higher amounts of SC in order to control of exacerbation. It results in some adverse effects such as osteoporosis and bone fractures, thinning of the skin, posterior subcapsular cataract formation, glucose intolerance and myopathy. Thus, this condition leads clinicians to seek alternative options. However, there are few studies showing that nebulized steroids (NS) are as effective as SC in exacerbations of COPD and the optimal NS dose is not certain.
The investigators aimed to determine the optimal NS dose and evaluate the efficacy and safety of NS compared with SC in the treatment of patients with COPD exacerbations requiring hospitalization.
調査の概要
詳細な説明
Study Population One hundred twenty patients with moderate or severe COPD exacerbation who are older than 40-years-old, had a smoking history of at least 10-pack-years and requiring hospitalization were included in the study. COPD diagnosis was based on clinical evaluation as defined by the American Thoracic Society (ATS). The patients were excluded if they had a presence of asthma, allergic rhinitis, atopy or any systemic disease (such as diabetes mellitus or hypertension); were exposed to systemic corticosteroids in the preceding month; used more than 1,500 microg/d of inhaled beclomethasone equivalent; were admission to the intensive care unit (pH<7.30 and/or arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2) > 70 mm Hg, and/or arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) < 50 mm Hg despite supplemental oxygen); if a specific cause for the exacerbation, such as pneumonia, pneumothorax, or heart failure, was diagnosed.
Study Design The study was as a randomized, double-blind, parallel design trial. The randomization order was determined using a computer-generated list of random numbers. Eligible patients were randomly allocated to one of the three treatment groups, that is, parenteral corticosteroid (PS), 4 mg nebulized budesonide (NB) or 8 mg NB. The efficacy of the study medications was assessed at hospitalization, 24 h, 48 h and before discharge. Patients were monitored during the hospitalization. Patients were withdrawn from the study if they required intubation and managed in intensive care unit.
Treatments Treatment in the PS group consisted of methylprednisolone 40 mg (intravenous ampoule); treatment in the NB groups consisted of nebulized budesonide suspension (Pulmicort nebuampul® 0.5 mg/ml; Astra-Zeneca Pharmaceutical Production) for 10 days. Budesonide were given as 2 mg twice daily or 4 mg twice daily; methylprednisolone were given once daily intravenously.
Nebulization procedures were performed by jet nebulizer (Porta Neb® Ventstream® 1803; Medic-Aid) with 80% of output of less than 5 micron. Patients received standard treatment with a nebulized ß-agonist (salbutamol 3.01 mg) and anticholinergic (ipratropium bromide 0.5 mg) combination every 6 hours, intravenous aminophylline (0.5 mg/kg/h) and oral or intravenous antibacterial at the discretion of the attending physician. Supplementary oxygen therapy was used to maintain oxygen saturation (SaO2) >90%.
Measurements Patients were assessed every 12 h during the acute phase (from H0 to H48), and at hospital discharge. Arterial blood samples were taken at baseline, 24, 48 h and before discharge for the determination of PaO2, PaCO2, and pH, regardless of whether the patient was on room air or on supplementary oxygen. Spirometry (Sensor Medics, Vmax22) was carried out before and 15 to 20 min after bronchodilator nebulization (ß2-agonist and ipratropium bromide) according to ATS standards. Dyspnea was assessed according to the modified Borg scale. Complete blood cell counts were obtained at entry, and blood glucose, sodium, potassium were measured at H0 and H48.
Endpoints The primary endpoint was to assess treatment efficacy by the change of arterial blood gases from H0 to H24, H48 and before discharge. Secondary endpoints included the changes in FEV1 (forced expiratory volume in 1 second), dyspnea score, duration of hospitalization, and occurrence of adverse events. An adverse event was defined as any medical event reported by the attending physician and events resulting in treatment change, discontinuation study medication or prolonged of hospitalization.
研究の種類
入学 (実際)
段階
- フェーズ 4
連絡先と場所
研究場所
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Erzurum、七面鳥、25240
- Ataturk University Faculty of Medicine Pulmonary Disease Department
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参加基準
適格基準
就学可能な年齢
健康ボランティアの受け入れ
受講資格のある性別
説明
Inclusion Criteria:
- Patients with moderate or severe COPD exacerbation who are older than 40-years-old
- A smoking history of at least 10-pack-years
- Requiring hospitalization because of COPD exacerbation
Exclusion Criteria:
- Presence of asthma, allergic rhinitis, atopy or any systemic disease (such as diabetes mellitus or hypertension)
- Exposed to systemic corticosteroids in the preceding month or used more than 1,500 microg/d of inhaled beclomethasone equivalent
- Admission to the intensive care unit (pH<7.30 and/or PaCO2 > 70 mm Hg, and/or PaO2 < 50 mm Hg despite supplemental oxygen)
- If a specific cause for the exacerbation, such as pneumonia, pneumothorax, or heart failure, was diagnosed.
研究計画
研究はどのように設計されていますか?
デザインの詳細
- 主な目的:処理
- 割り当て:ランダム化
- 介入モデル:並列代入
- マスキング:ダブル
武器と介入
参加者グループ / アーム |
介入・治療 |
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アクティブコンパレータ:Metil prednisolone & Budesonide 4mg
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It will be evaluated at baseline, 24 h, 48 h and before discharge
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アクティブコンパレータ:Metil prednisolone & Budesonide 8 mg
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Baseline FEV1 and before discharge FEV1 were evaluated
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アクティブコンパレータ:Budesonide 4 mg & Budesonide 8 mg
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It will be evaluated at baseline, 24 h, 48 h and before discharge
Baseline FEV1 and before discharge FEV1 were evaluated
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この研究は何を測定していますか?
主要な結果の測定
結果測定 |
時間枠 |
---|---|
change of arterial blood gases from H0 to H24, H48 and before discharge
時間枠:Participants will be followed for the duration of hospital stay, an expected average of 10 days.
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Participants will be followed for the duration of hospital stay, an expected average of 10 days.
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二次結果の測定
結果測定 |
時間枠 |
---|---|
Changes in FEV1 (forced expiratory volume in 1 second), dyspnea score.
時間枠:Participants will be followed for the duration of hospital stay, an expected average of 10 days
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Participants will be followed for the duration of hospital stay, an expected average of 10 days
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その他の成果指標
結果測定 |
時間枠 |
---|---|
Hospitalization duration
時間枠:Participants will be followed for the duration of hospital stay, an expected average of 10 days
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Participants will be followed for the duration of hospital stay, an expected average of 10 days
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協力者と研究者
スポンサー
出版物と役立つリンク
一般刊行物
- Maltais F, Ostinelli J, Bourbeau J, Tonnel AB, Jacquemet N, Haddon J, Rouleau M, Boukhana M, Martinot JB, Duroux P. Comparison of nebulized budesonide and oral prednisolone with placebo in the treatment of acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a randomized controlled trial. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2002 Mar 1;165(5):698-703. doi: 10.1164/ajrccm.165.5.2109093.
- Gaude GS, Nadagouda S. Nebulized corticosteroids in the management of acute exacerbation of COPD. Lung India. 2010 Oct;27(4):230-5. doi: 10.4103/0970-2113.71957.
- Gunen H, Mirici A, Meral M, Akgun M. Steroids in acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: are nebulized and systemic forms comparable? Curr Opin Pulm Med. 2009 Mar;15(2):133-7. doi: 10.1097/MCP.0b013e32832185da.
研究記録日
主要日程の研究
研究開始
一次修了 (実際)
研究の完了 (実際)
試験登録日
最初に提出
QC基準を満たした最初の提出物
最初の投稿 (見積もり)
学習記録の更新
投稿された最後の更新 (見積もり)
QC基準を満たした最後の更新が送信されました
最終確認日
詳しくは
本研究に関する用語
追加の関連 MeSH 用語
その他の研究ID番号
- EUcar
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