Modulating Human Cortical Plasticity With Transcranial Electrical Stimulation
調査の概要
詳細な説明
Experience dependent plasticity is a fundamental property of the brain. It allows neural systems to adapt in response to environmental input and subserves the vital functions of learning and memory. Deficits in plasticity are thought play a causal role in the pathophysiology of several psychiatric disorders, including schizophrenia (SZ). Treatments that can probe or even enhance plasticity have potential to be of great clinical value. Non-invasive neuromodulation via transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a promising method for modulating neural plasticity. tDCS delivers low-intensity direct current to cortical areas, thereby facilitating or inhibiting neural activity in a polarity specific manner. Its positive effects in a wide range of neurological conditions, as well as its tolerability and low cost, have catalyzed the use of tDCS as a clinical tool. However, issues regarding efficacy and variability of outcomes continue to limit the clinical potential of this promising intervention. Investigation of the physiological mechanisms that subserve tDCS effects in humans is needed to inform treatment protocols and enhance efficacy.
Studies in tissue models have revealed that direct current application alters membrane polarization and modulates long-term potentiation and depression (LTP/D), key mechanisms of synaptic plasticity. In Vivo application of tDCS has been shown to modulate LTP and learning in the rat hippocampus and motor cortex. This modulation was shown to be, persistent, input-specific, and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) dependent. These works demonstrate the utility of tDCS in modifying plasticity and learning. Given the limitations placed on invasive procedures, investigating the effects of tDCS on plasticity in the human brain has proved to be much more challenging, limiting the translation and thus the practical utility of the basic research. Utilizing modern, non-invasive methods to probe plasticity in humans has the potential to bridge this translational gap.
Recently developed techniques utilizing electroencephalography (EEG) now enable the non-invasive interrogation of plasticity in the human cortex. Clapp et al., (2005) demonstrated the feasibility of inducing LTP in the cortex by rapid presentation of visual or auditory stimuli, observable as changes in sensory evoked potentials recorded from the scalp. This paradigm, termed stimulus specific plasticity (SSP), is a direct parallel to the high frequency electrical stimulation protocols used to elicit LTP in tissue preparations and satisfies the cardinal features of Hebbian plasticity. Thus sensory-induced plasticity is a useful measure of cortical plasticity that is readily translatable from animals to humans. Further, several studies have used SSP to reveal plasticity deficits in SZ and bipolar disorder, demonstrating the clinical relevance of this assay. In addition, because SSP is a functionally relevant manifestation of LTP, it enables assessment of the efficacy of interventions that target plasticity mechanisms, making it the perfect tool to use for evaluating tDCS effects.
The premise of this proposal is based on prior findings demonstrating the modulatory effect of tDCS on synaptic plasticity in animal and tissue models. Due to methodological limitations, very little work has been done to translate these findings to humans. Because the direct effects of tDCS on plasticity in the humans remains uninvestigated, the overarching goal of this proposal is to assess the in vivo efficacy of tDCS in modulating synaptic plasticity in the auditory cortex of the human brain. To this end, the researchers will conduct a study featuring simultaneous tDCS and EEG recording in a both healthy participants and SZ patients. The two separate cohorts will be randomized into either three or two treatment arms (cathodal, anodal, sham - healthy participants / Anodal and Sham - SZ patients). All subjects will undergo EEG recording during presentation of auditory tones to establish baseline auditory evoked potentials (AEP). LTP will be induced by a high frequency presentation (sensory tetanus) of that same tone for 5 min. Stimulation will begin 10 min prior to the LTP induction and will stop at the end the 5 min period. Post-tetanus EEG recordings of AEP's will be compared to baseline AEP's to analyze the impact of tDCS on neural plasticity.
Specific Aim 1: Evaluate the effects of Anodal tDCS vs. Cathodal tDCS vs. Sham on induction of LTP in a healthy population: Significant findings demonstrate that anodal tDCS impacts neuronal function by enhancing LTP induction. Based on these findings in animal and tissue models, it is expected that anodal tDCS will lead to a greater facilitation of LTP than cathodal or sham stimulation Specific Aim 2: Evaluate the efficacy of Anodal tDCS in enhancing induction of LTP in a population of SZ Patients: SZ patients show deficient capacity to support LTP in the auditory cortex. Effect of tDCS are putatively emergent from modulation of NMDAR dependent plasticity mechanisms. Using the SSP paradigm the study will evaluate the efficacy of tDCS in modulating LTP measures. Based on mechanistic work in animals demonstrating the NMDAR dependent action of tDCS, it is expected that anodal tDCS will enhance the induction of LTP compared to sham.
研究の種類
入学 (実際)
段階
- 適用できない
連絡先と場所
研究場所
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Minnesota
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Minneapolis、Minnesota、アメリカ、55414
- Kelvin O. Lim
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参加基準
適格基準
就学可能な年齢
健康ボランティアの受け入れ
受講資格のある性別
説明
Inclusion Criteria:
- Age 18-50
- No psychiatric medication prescription
- No clinically significant head injury or neurological disease
- No dependence in the past 6 month or no substance abuse in the past month
- Sufficient spoken english to understand testing procedures
- Ability to give informed consent
Exclusion Criteria:
- History of transcranial electrical stimulation (tES) or other cortical energy exposure in the past 12 months; including
- participation in any neuromodulation studies
- History of seizures or epilepsy
- History of metallic cranial plates, screws, or implanted device
- History of craniotomy
- History of eczema on the scalp
- History of traumatic brain injury
- History of mental illness (Healthy group)
- Diagnosis of bipolar disorder
- Diagnosis of major depression
- Unable to give informed consent
- Hairstyle that is braided in cornrows or in dreadlocks
研究計画
研究はどのように設計されていますか?
デザインの詳細
- 主な目的:基礎科学
- 割り当て:ランダム化
- 介入モデル:クロスオーバー割り当て
- マスキング:4倍
武器と介入
参加者グループ / アーム |
介入・治療 |
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偽コンパレータ:シャム刺激
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Transcranial electrical stimulator
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実験的:Anodal Stimulation
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Transcranial electrical stimulator
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この研究は何を測定していますか?
主要な結果の測定
結果測定 |
メジャーの説明 |
時間枠 |
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Change in Amplitude of N100 Component of the Auditory Evoked Potential
時間枠:approximately 1 hour
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The amplitude of the N100 component will be averaged across individuals in each group.
Grand averages from the two groups will be compared.
Outcome is reported as the change from baseline to post-treatment (approximately 1 hour).
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approximately 1 hour
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協力者と研究者
スポンサー
研究記録日
主要日程の研究
研究開始 (実際)
一次修了 (実際)
研究の完了 (実際)
試験登録日
最初に提出
QC基準を満たした最初の提出物
最初の投稿 (実際)
学習記録の更新
投稿された最後の更新 (実際)
QC基準を満たした最後の更新が送信されました
最終確認日
詳しくは
本研究に関する用語
追加の関連 MeSH 用語
その他の研究ID番号
- 1703M09401
個々の参加者データ (IPD) の計画
個々の参加者データ (IPD) を共有する予定はありますか?
医薬品およびデバイス情報、研究文書
米国FDA規制医薬品の研究
米国FDA規制機器製品の研究
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tDCSの臨床試験
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Universidad de AlmeriaSecretaría General de Universidades, Investigación y Tecnología, Junta de Andalucía, Spain招待による登録
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Hôpital le Vinatier完了統合失調症 | 幻聴フランス, チュニジア
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University of North Carolina, Chapel HillNational Institute of Mental Health (NIMH)完了
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Northeastern UniversityMassachusetts General Hospital; National Institute on Aging (NIA)わからない
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Shirley Ryan AbilityLabNational Institute on Disability, Independent Living, and Rehabilitation Research募集
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University of California, Los AngelesNational Institute of Mental Health (NIMH)完了