高齢者の人口ベースの照明研究 (ENLIGHTENme)

実験的：室内光介入

屋内照明介入アームに割り当てられた人には、自宅に設置するランプが与えられます

行動：室内光介入

屋内照明介入アームに割り当てられた人員には、既存の屋内照明を補うために、ほとんどの時間を過ごす部屋に設置するための具体的な指示とともに、自宅に設置するランプが与えられます。 したがって、介入アームのすべての人がLUMIE Haloランプを装備します。 温白色と冷白色の両方の LED を利用する Lumie Halo は、「デイ」モードで最大輝度で 20 cm で 10,000 ルクスを提供します。 タッチスライダーにより、ユーザーは光の色温度を混ぜながら明るさを調整できます。

アクティブコンパレータ：対照群

対照群に割り当てられた人は、屋内照明の補足を受けず、評価手順のみを受けます

行動：室内灯なし

対照群に割り当てられた人は、屋内照明の補充を受けず、評価手順のみを受けます。 屋外介入への暴露は、3 つの方法で分析に考慮されます。(1) 人々の家と変更された屋外照明との間の距離を特定することによって、(2) 屋外照明の変化の認識に関する質問によって、タイミング、曝露期間とそれに対する彼らの考え、および（3）ベースライン時の2週間と1年間の光介入後の24時間にわたる光曝露量を記録することによって

Change in Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI)

Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) ranges from 0 (better) to 21 (worse). A score <= 5 is associated with good sleep quality, while a score > 5 is associated with poor sleep quality. A higher PSQI score indicates poorer sleep quality, therefore the hypothesis to be tested is that a participant's sleep quality will improve (i.e. PSQI score will decrease) at the end of the light intervention period compared to baseline. Hence, a negative PSQI difference between baseline and follow-up indicates an improvement in sleep quality.

Change in Mental and Physical Health (Euroqol 5D)

Change in mental and physical health as measured by Euroqol 5D difference between the baseline and the end of the light intervention period. The Euroqol 5D measures the perceived quality of life and ranges from - 0.57 (worst perceived quality of life) to 1 (best health state). A positive difference from baseline to the end of the follow-up period indicates an improvement in the quality of life.

Change in Circadian Rest-activity Measures - Interdaily Stability (IS)

Change in Interdaily Stability (IS), as derived from wrist actigraph, between the baseline and the end of the light intervention period.

Interdaily Stability (IS) is an index that estimates the stability of the 24-hour rest-activity rhythm across days, quantifying how consistent individual's daily pattern is over time. It ranges from 0 (absence of a stable rhythm) to 1 (perfectly stable rhythm). The hypothesis to be tested is that a participant's IS will increase at the end of the light intervention period compared to baseline; hence, a positive difference between baseline and follow-up indicates an improved rest-activity rhythm.

Change in Circadian Rest-activity Measures - Intradaily Variability (IV)

Change in Intradaily Variability (IV), as derived from wrist actigraphy, between the baseline and the end of the light intervention period.

Intradaily Variability (IV) is an index that reflects fragmentation of the 24-hour rest-activity rhythm within a day, based on the frequency of transitions between rest and activity. It ranges from 0 to 1, with higher values indicating more fragmented rhythms. The hypothesis to be tested is that a participant's IV will decrease at the end of the light intervention period compared to baseline; hence, a negative difference between baseline and follow-up indicates an improved rest-activity rhythm.

Change in Circadian Rest-activity Measures - Relative Amplitude (RA)

Change in Relative amplitude (RA), as derived from wrist actigraphy, between the baseline and the end of the light intervention period.

Relative Amplitude (RA) measures the strength of the 24-hour rhythm: (M10-L5)/(M10+L5). M10 is the mean activity during the 10 most active consecutive hours, and L5 during the 5 least active hours. RA ranges from 0 to 1 and reflects the normalized difference between the most active and least active periods of the day: higher values indicate a well-defined rhythm, lower values a weaker or disrupted rhythm. The hypothesis to be tested is that a participant's RA will increase at the end of the light intervention period compared to baseline; hence, a positive difference between baseline and follow-up indicates an improved rest-activity rhythm.