基于人群的老年人照明研究 (ENLIGHTENme)

实验性的：室内光干预

分配到室内光干预组的人员将获得一盏灯放在家里

行为的：室内光干预

分配到室内光干预组的人员将获得一盏灯，让他们在家中放置，并附有具体说明，将其安装在他们大部分时间待的房间内，以补充现有的室内照明。 因此，干预臂的所有人都将配备 LUMIE Halo 灯。 Lumie Halo 同时使用暖白光和冷白光 LED，在“白天”模式下以最大亮度在 20 厘米处提供 10,000 勒克斯。 触摸滑块允许用户在混合光色温的同时调整亮度。

有源比较器：控制组

分配到对照组的人员将不接受室内补光，仅进行评估程序

行为的：没有室内灯

分配到对照组的人员将不接受室内补光，仅接受评估程序。 在分析中将通过三种方式考虑对室外干预的暴露，(1) 通过定位人们的家与修改后的室外光之间的距离，(2) 通过一个关于室外光变化的意识的问题，时间，以及暴露的持续时间和他们的想法，以及 (3) 通过记录基线和 1 年光照干预后两周内 24 小时内的光照量

Change in Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI)

Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) ranges from 0 (better) to 21 (worse). A score <= 5 is associated with good sleep quality, while a score > 5 is associated with poor sleep quality. A higher PSQI score indicates poorer sleep quality, therefore the hypothesis to be tested is that a participant's sleep quality will improve (i.e. PSQI score will decrease) at the end of the light intervention period compared to baseline. Hence, a negative PSQI difference between baseline and follow-up indicates an improvement in sleep quality.

Change in Mental and Physical Health (Euroqol 5D)

Change in mental and physical health as measured by Euroqol 5D difference between the baseline and the end of the light intervention period. The Euroqol 5D measures the perceived quality of life and ranges from - 0.57 (worst perceived quality of life) to 1 (best health state). A positive difference from baseline to the end of the follow-up period indicates an improvement in the quality of life.

Change in Circadian Rest-activity Measures - Interdaily Stability (IS)

Change in Interdaily Stability (IS), as derived from wrist actigraph, between the baseline and the end of the light intervention period.

Interdaily Stability (IS) is an index that estimates the stability of the 24-hour rest-activity rhythm across days, quantifying how consistent individual's daily pattern is over time. It ranges from 0 (absence of a stable rhythm) to 1 (perfectly stable rhythm). The hypothesis to be tested is that a participant's IS will increase at the end of the light intervention period compared to baseline; hence, a positive difference between baseline and follow-up indicates an improved rest-activity rhythm.

Change in Circadian Rest-activity Measures - Intradaily Variability (IV)

Change in Intradaily Variability (IV), as derived from wrist actigraphy, between the baseline and the end of the light intervention period.

Intradaily Variability (IV) is an index that reflects fragmentation of the 24-hour rest-activity rhythm within a day, based on the frequency of transitions between rest and activity. It ranges from 0 to 1, with higher values indicating more fragmented rhythms. The hypothesis to be tested is that a participant's IV will decrease at the end of the light intervention period compared to baseline; hence, a negative difference between baseline and follow-up indicates an improved rest-activity rhythm.

Change in Circadian Rest-activity Measures - Relative Amplitude (RA)

Change in Relative amplitude (RA), as derived from wrist actigraphy, between the baseline and the end of the light intervention period.

Relative Amplitude (RA) measures the strength of the 24-hour rhythm: (M10-L5)/(M10+L5). M10 is the mean activity during the 10 most active consecutive hours, and L5 during the 5 least active hours. RA ranges from 0 to 1 and reflects the normalized difference between the most active and least active periods of the day: higher values indicate a well-defined rhythm, lower values a weaker or disrupted rhythm. The hypothesis to be tested is that a participant's RA will increase at the end of the light intervention period compared to baseline; hence, a positive difference between baseline and follow-up indicates an improved rest-activity rhythm.