頭頸部がんの分子および血液ベースのバイオマーカー、治療および転帰のための臨床研究プラットフォーム (HEAT)

The advent of checkpoint inhibitors has changed the treatment landscape in SCCHN and new treatment sequences have entered clinical practice.

More in-depth knowledge of tumor biomarkers are important measures for optimization of treatment strategies in SCCHN. In addition to this, investigations may involve other assessments, which will be explored separately, such as molecular testing. These tests are then linked to the core data set and will allow to associate such measures with outcomes. This concept is flexible and allows for rapid integration of contemporary research questions in a timely manner.

Furthermore, insights into the treatment reality for recurrent/metastatic salivary gland carcinoma and other rare tumor entities (SNUC, etc.) are urgently needed, as there is currently no established standard of care.

The monoclonal antibody cetuximab in combination with platinum and fluorouracil (EXTREME) has been the standard of care for recurrent or metastatic (r/m) SCCHN for over a decade.1 Recently, the immune checkpoint inhibitors (CPIs) nivolumab and pembrolizumab have changed the therapeutic landscape of patients with r/m SCCHN. Nivolumab is considered as therapeutic standard after failure of platinum-based therapy based on the results of the phase III Checkmate-141 trial.2 In addition, pembrolizumab has become the new standard in the first-line setting in combination with platinum/fluorouracil chemotherapy or as monotherapy for patients with programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) positive tumors based on the data from the phase III Keynote-048 trial.3 Moreover, cetuximab in combination with platinum and docetaxel (TPEx) has emerged as a less toxic alternative to the EXTREME regimen.4 Due to the shifting first-line treatment landscape, data to guide contemporary 2nd line therapy are scarce and the optimal treatment sequence remains vague.2,5,6 The implementation of biomarkers and selection of patients in a real-world setting are areas of academic interest. In addition, the assessment of treatment outcomes in rare entities are underrepresented in pivotal trials, and as a matter of fact, may be completely excluded. However, broad labels permit the use of novel agents, but a larger body of evidence is needed to substantiate such treatment choices. HEAT seeks to address these questions by inclusion of a real-world patient population and continuous assessment of oncological outcomes by means of a core clinical data set implemented into HEAT.

Overall, HEAT is a study platform, which continuously assesses clinical outcomes and modularly integrates additional measures to enable rapid answers to research questions.