Deze pagina is automatisch vertaald en de nauwkeurigheid van de vertaling kan niet worden gegarandeerd. Raadpleeg de Engelse versie voor een brontekst.

Does Use of Ultrasound Reduce the Rate of Sham Caudal Block in Children

20 februari 2020 bijgewerkt door: Adam Adler MD, MS, FAAP, Baylor College of Medicine
Caudal blocks are one of the most commonly performed regional anesthetics in children and are performed daily for a host of infra-umbilical surgical procedures. A caudal block is an epidural injection, most commonly of local anesthetic into the epidural space as accessed via the sacral hiatus. In children, the sacral hiatus is a normally occurring aperture in which the epidural space may be accessed with extremely minimal risk; as neural tissue ends more proximally. Due to this measure of safety, caudal blocks are preferred in children when compared with standard lumbar epidurals. Caudal blocks are performed blindly using palpation and tactile feedback to assess if the medication is being administered in the correct location. As a result of blind injection, administration of local anesthetic totally or partially outside of the correct site can often be unnoticed or identified after a significant volume has already been injected. With the potential for toxicity of local anesthetic, this may result in either the inability to give a complete dose or an unintentional and often unnoticed sham block "incorrect site of injection".

Studie Overzicht

Toestand

Ingetrokken

Conditie

Interventie / Behandeling

Gedetailleerde beschrijving

Caudal blocks are one of the most commonly performed regional anesthetics in children and are performed daily for a host of infra-umbilical surgical procedures. A caudal block is an epidural injection, most commonly of local anesthetic into the epidural space as accessed via the sacral hiatus. In children, the sacral hiatus is a normally occurring aperture in which the epidural space may be accessed with extremely minimal risk; as neural tissue ends more proximally. Due to this measure of safety, caudal blocks are preferred in children when compared with standard lumbar epidurals. Caudal blocks are performed blindly using palpation and tactile feedback to assess if the medication is being administered in the correct location. As a result of blind injection, administration of local anesthetic totally or partially outside of the correct site can often be unnoticed or identified after a significant volume has already been injected. With the potential for toxicity of local anesthetic, this may result in either the inability to give a complete dose or an unintentional and often unnoticed sham block "incorrect site of injection".

Use of ultrasound has been proposed for identification of caudal block placement and correct medication spread. However, a recent review of the Pediatric Regional Anesthesia Network database reveals that ultrasound is reportedly only used in less that 3% of blocks. The benefit of ultrasound is safe and real-time confirmation of injection. Ultrasound allows the provider to determine with minimal local anesthetic or even saline injection if the correct space is accessed. Without ultrasound, failed blocks are either identified after significant percentage of the total dose of local anesthetic is incorrectly administered or intra or post operatively when the patient demonstrates a significant opioid requirement. This is problematic given that one of the primary benefits of a caudal block in children is the ability to avoid opioids.

Review of local practice here at Texas Children's Hospital for quality improvement purposes revealed a failure rate of caudal blocks to be 18%. Failure was defined as a heart rate increase with incision of >20% despite a caudal block and >1MAC of gas for the patient age. These patients all required opioids both intra and post operatively in addition to surgical levels of inhaled anesthetic agent.

Studietype

Ingrijpend

Fase

  • Niet toepasbaar

Contacten en locaties

In dit gedeelte vindt u de contactgegevens van degenen die het onderzoek uitvoeren en informatie over waar dit onderzoek wordt uitgevoerd.

Studie Locaties

  • Verenigde Staten
    • Texas
      • Houston, Texas, Verenigde Staten, 77030
        • Texas Childrens Hospital

Deelname Criteria

Onderzoekers zoeken naar mensen die aan een bepaalde beschrijving voldoen, de zogenaamde geschiktheidscriteria. Enkele voorbeelden van deze criteria zijn iemands algemene gezondheidstoestand of eerdere behandelingen.

Geschiktheidscriteria

Leeftijden die in aanmerking komen voor studie

Niet ouder dan 7 jaar (Kind)

Accepteert gezonde vrijwilligers

Nee

Geslachten die in aanmerking komen voor studie

Allemaal

Beschrijving

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Children ages 0-84 months
  • Infra-umbilical procedure for which a caudal block is already planned
  • American Society of Anesthesiology classifications of 1,2 or 3

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Incarcerated hernias
  • Emergency procedures
  • Local Anesthetic allergy
  • Sacral dimple
  • Rash over sacrum
  • Parents/legal guardians unable to consent for surgical procedure in English language Foster Care/Child protective services as guardians
  • Parental Refusal for caudal block or study participation
  • American Society of Anesthesiology classifications other than 1,2 or 3

Studie plan

Dit gedeelte bevat details van het studieplan, inclusief hoe de studie is opgezet en wat de studie meet.

Hoe is de studie opgezet?

Ontwerpdetails

  • Primair doel: Behandeling
  • Toewijzing: NVT
  • Interventioneel model: Opdracht voor een enkele groep
  • Masker: Geen (open label)

Wapens en interventies

Deelnemersgroep / Arm
Interventie / Behandeling
Experimenteel: Ultrasound

The attending anesthesiologist will perform or instruct the placement of a caudal block according to their standard of practice. At the time of administration of local anesthetic into the caudal space, the study collaborator (SC) will ultrasound the caudal space keeping the provider placing the block blinded to the imaging. The provider placing the block will inject 0.5mL of saline. The provider will then be asked to state if they are correctly in the caudal space or not. If the provider feels they are not in the caudal space, they will re-do the procedure. If the provider fails to identify incorrect location and this is noted by ultrasound, the SC will inform the provider to re-do the procedure.

All study participants will have ultrasound used for caudal block.
Diagnostische toets: Ultrasound guidance for caudal block
The attending anesthesiologist will perform or instruct the placement of a caudal block according to their standard of practice. At the time of administration of local anesthetic into the caudal space, the study collaborator (SC) will ultrasound the caudal space keeping the provider placing the block blinded to the imaging. The provider placing the block will inject 0.5mL of preservative free saline. The provider will then be asked to state if they are correctly in the caudal space or not. If the provider feels they are not in the caudal space, they will re-do the procedure. If the provider fails to identify incorrect location and this is noted by ultrasound, the SC will inform the provider to re-do the procedure

Wat meet het onderzoek?

Primaire uitkomstmaten

Uitkomstmaat
Maatregel Beschrijving
Tijdsspanne
Identify the rate at which blindly placed caudal blocks are not within the epidural space
Tijdsspanne: 15 minutes
Assess the percentage of providers not recognizing wrong site of injection without ultrasound
15 minutes

Secundaire uitkomstmaten

Uitkomstmaat
Maatregel Beschrijving
Tijdsspanne
Identify the rate at which ultrasound can guide a wrong block into the correct location
Tijdsspanne: 15 minutes
Assess the number of blocks that are require the use of ultrasound to redirect needle into caudal space
15 minutes
Identify if lack of heart rate change on incision can predict successful placement when medication administration is successfully confirmed with ultrasound
Tijdsspanne: 15 minutes
With ultrasound identification of correct caudal injection, (successful block), does lack of heart rate change correlated with successful block
15 minutes
Identify if after using ultrasound to visualize placement, if concentrations of inhaled agents may be reduced in children
Tijdsspanne: 30 minutes to 3 hours
With demonstration of successful caudal injection, can inhaled agent concentration be reduced as calculated by MAC hours
30 minutes to 3 hours

Medewerkers en onderzoekers

Hier vindt u mensen en organisaties die betrokken zijn bij dit onderzoek.

Sponsor

Baylor College of Medicine

Onderzoekers

  • Hoofdonderzoeker: Adam C Adler, MD, FAAP, Texas Childrens Hospital

Studie record data

Deze datums volgen de voortgang van het onderzoeksdossier en de samenvatting van de ingediende resultaten bij ClinicalTrials.gov. Studieverslagen en gerapporteerde resultaten worden beoordeeld door de National Library of Medicine (NLM) om er zeker van te zijn dat ze voldoen aan specifieke kwaliteitscontrolenormen voordat ze op de openbare website worden geplaatst.

Bestudeer belangrijke data

Studie start (Werkelijk)

30 juni 2017

Primaire voltooiing (Werkelijk)

30 oktober 2017

Studie voltooiing (Werkelijk)

30 oktober 2017

Studieregistratiedata

Eerst ingediend

12 september 2017

Eerst ingediend dat voldeed aan de QC-criteria

13 september 2017

Eerst geplaatst (Werkelijk)

14 september 2017

Updates van studierecords

Laatste update geplaatst (Werkelijk)

24 februari 2020

Laatste update ingediend die voldeed aan QC-criteria

20 februari 2020

Laatst geverifieerd

1 februari 2020

Meer informatie

Termen gerelateerd aan deze studie

Andere studie-ID-nummers

  • H-40844

Plan Individuele Deelnemersgegevens (IPD)

Bent u van plan om gegevens van individuele deelnemers (IPD) te delen?

NEE

Informatie over medicijnen en apparaten, studiedocumenten

Bestudeert een door de Amerikaanse FDA gereguleerd geneesmiddel

Nee

Bestudeert een door de Amerikaanse FDA gereguleerd apparaatproduct

Ja

Deze informatie is zonder wijzigingen rechtstreeks van de website clinicaltrials.gov gehaald. Als u verzoeken heeft om uw onderzoeksgegevens te wijzigen, te verwijderen of bij te werken, neem dan contact op met register@clinicaltrials.gov. Zodra er een wijziging wordt doorgevoerd op clinicaltrials.gov, wordt deze ook automatisch bijgewerkt op onze website .

Klinische onderzoeken op Ultrasound guidance for caudal block

Zoek naar vergelijkbare onderzoeken

Sponsors en medewerkers

Medische omstandigheden

Geneesmiddelinterventies

CROs by country

CROs in Serbia

Voorwaarden

Zeldzame ziekten

Geneesmiddelinterventies

Voedingssupplementen

Sponsor / medewerkers

Locaties

Abonneren