Effects of Velocity-based Training on Physical Fitness and Skills Performance Among Aerobic Gymnast Athletes in Henan, China
The main objective of this study is to examine the effect of 8 weeks of Velocity-based training on physical fitness and aerobic gymnastics skills performance among college aerobic gymnastics athletes in Henan, China
- To examine the effects of Velocity-based training across pretest, posttest 1, and posttest 2 on selected fitness components in terms of power, strength, speed, agility, balance, endurance, coordination, and flexibility among aerobic gymnast athletes in Henan, China.
- To evaluate the effects of Velocity-based training across pretest, posttest 1 and posttest 2 on selected parameters of gymnast athletes skills in Group A Floor Elements (Family 1 Dynamic Strength: A-Frame, Family 2 Static Strength: Support, Family 3 Leg Circle: Helicopter), Group B Airborne Elements (Family 4 Dynamic Jump: Air Turn, Family 5 Form Jump: Cossack, Family 6 Split Leap: Switch Split ), and Group C Stanning Elements(Family Turns: Turn) of aerobic gymnasts from Henan, China.
- To examine the effects of Velocity-based training across pretest, posttest 1, and posttest 2 on the skills performance of aerobic gymnasts in terms of scoring routines.
Visão geral do estudo
Status
Status
Condições
Condições
Intervenção / Tratamento
Intervenção / Tratamento
Tipo de estudo
Tipo de estudo
Inscrição (Real)
Inscrição
Estágio
Estágio
- Não aplicável
Contactos e Locais
Locais de estudo
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Henan
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Zhengzhou, Henan, China, 450000
- Velocity-based training
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Critérios de participação
Critérios de elegibilidade
Critérios de elegibilidade
Idades elegíveis para estudo
- Adulto
Aceita Voluntários Saudáveis
Descrição
Inclusion Criteria:
- College aerobics athletes.
- Participants must have received at least one year of training in a Henan provincial college training team and be a formal aerobic gymnast in a Shandong provincial college.
- Participants must have participated in the Henan provincial aerobic gymnastics national team selection competition.
Exclusion Criteria:
- Participants have high levels of asymmetry due to congenital physical dysplasia (Smith, 2020).
- History of sports injuries within the past year and continuous treatment.
- Participants who cannot complete the entire experimental training due to participating in the professional competition schedule.
Plano de estudo
Como o estudo é projetado?
Detalhes do projeto
- Finalidade Principal: Ciência básica
- Alocação: Randomizado
- Modelo Intervencional: Atribuição Paralela
- Mascaramento: Dobro
Número de braços
Armas e Intervenções
Grupo de Participantes / BraçoGrupo de Participantes / Braço |
Intervenção / TratamentoIntervenção / Tratamento |
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Experimental: Velocity-Based Training Group
Thirty university aerobic gymnasts underwent an 8-week velocity-based resistance training (VBT) intervention, in which training loads were prescribed and adjusted in real time according to movement velocity feedback.
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Velocity-based training (VBT) is a resistance training method in which training loads are prescribed and adjusted in real time based on movement velocity feedback (kinematic outcomes).
Outros nomes:
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Comparador Ativo: Control Training Group
Thirty university aerobic gymnasts underwent an 8-week conventional (percentage-based) resistance training intervention following standard training protocols without velocity monitoring.
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Thirty university aerobic gymnasts underwent an 8-week conventional (percentage-based) resistance training program following the athletes' standard training schedule, without velocity monitoring or feedback.
Outros nomes:
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O que o estudo está medindo?
Medidas de resultados primários
Medidas de resultados primários
Medida de resultado |
Descrição da medida |
Prazo |
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Strength: One-Repetition Maximum Bench Press and Back Squat
Prazo: Assessed at baseline (Week 0), Week 4, and Week 8 of the 8-week training intervention.
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Maximal upper-body strength (1RM bench press) and lower-body strength (1RM back squat) were each assessed using standardised one-repetition maximum (1RM) testing protocols.
Values are reported separately for bench press and back squat, both in kilograms (kg).
Higher values indicate greater maximal strength.
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Assessed at baseline (Week 0), Week 4, and Week 8 of the 8-week training intervention.
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Power: Standing Long Jump Distance
Prazo: Assessed at baseline (Week 0), Week 4, and Week 8 of the 8-week training intervention.
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Power was assessed using the standing long jump (SLJ) test, measured as horizontal jump distance in centimetres (cm) using a tape measure.
Higher values indicate greater lower-body power.
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Assessed at baseline (Week 0), Week 4, and Week 8 of the 8-week training intervention.
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Speed: 30-Metre Sprint Time
Prazo: Assessed at baseline (Week 0), Week 4, and Week 8 of the 8-week training intervention.
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Linear sprinting speed was assessed using a 30-metre sprint test, timed with a stopwatch and recorded in seconds (s).
Lower values indicate faster sprint speed (better performance).
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Assessed at baseline (Week 0), Week 4, and Week 8 of the 8-week training intervention.
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Agility: Illinois Agility Test Time
Prazo: Assessed at baseline (Week 0), Week 4, and Week 8 of the 8-week training intervention.
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Change-of-direction agility was assessed using the Illinois Agility Test (IAT), timed with a stopwatch and recorded in seconds (s).
Lower values indicate better agility performance.
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Assessed at baseline (Week 0), Week 4, and Week 8 of the 8-week training intervention.
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Endurance: Trunk Flexor Test Time
Prazo: Assessed at baseline (Week 0), Week 4, and Week 8 of the 8-week training intervention.
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Endurance was assessed using the Trunk Flexor Test (TFT), a timed isometric hold test recorded in seconds (s) using a stopwatch.
Higher values indicate greater muscular endurance.
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Assessed at baseline (Week 0), Week 4, and Week 8 of the 8-week training intervention.
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Balance: Y-Balance Test Composite Reach Distance
Prazo: Assessed at baseline (Week 0), Week 4, and Week 8 of the 8-week training intervention.
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Dynamic balance was assessed using the Y-Balance Test (YBT), with composite reach distance measured in centimetres (cm) using the Y-Balance Test instrument.
Higher values indicate better dynamic balance.
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Assessed at baseline (Week 0), Week 4, and Week 8 of the 8-week training intervention.
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Coordination: Wall-Toss Test Successful Catches
Prazo: Assessed at baseline (Week 0), Week 4, and Week 8 of the 8-week training intervention.
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Upper-limb neuromuscular coordination was assessed using the Wall-Toss Test (WTT), recorded as the number of successful ball catches completed within a fixed 30-second trial.
Higher values indicate better coordination.
Note: this measure is a count of catches, not a time-based measurement.
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Assessed at baseline (Week 0), Week 4, and Week 8 of the 8-week training intervention.
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Flexibility: Sit-and-Reach Distance
Prazo: Assessed at baseline (Week 0), Week 4, and Week 8 of the 8-week training intervention.
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Flexibility was assessed using the Sit-and-Reach (SAR) test, measured in centimetres (cm) using a sit-and-reach box.
Higher values indicate greater flexibility.
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Assessed at baseline (Week 0), Week 4, and Week 8 of the 8-week training intervention.
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Aerobic Gymnastics Skill Score: Dynamic Strength (Explosive A-Frame)
Prazo: Assessed at baseline (Week 0), Week 4, and Week 8 of the 8-week training intervention.
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Execution of the Family 1 Dynamic Strength difficulty element (Explosive A-Frame) was scored by certified judges according to the FIG Aerobic Gymnastics Code of Points (2025), on a scale of 0 to 10 points.
Higher scores indicate better technical execution.
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Assessed at baseline (Week 0), Week 4, and Week 8 of the 8-week training intervention.
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Aerobic Gymnastics Skill Score: Static Strength (Straddle Planche)
Prazo: Assessed at baseline (Week 0), Week 4, and Week 8 of the 8-week training intervention.
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Execution of the Family 2 Static Strength difficulty element (Straddle Planche) was scored by certified judges according to the FIG Aerobic Gymnastics Code of Points (2025), on a scale of 0 to 10 points.
Higher scores indicate better technical execution.
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Assessed at baseline (Week 0), Week 4, and Week 8 of the 8-week training intervention.
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Aerobic Gymnastics Skill Score: Leg Circle (Helicopter)
Prazo: Assessed at baseline (Week 0), Week 4, and Week 8 of the 8-week training intervention.
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Execution of the Family 3 Leg Circle difficulty element (Helicopter) was scored by certified judges according to the FIG Aerobic Gymnastics Code of Points (2025), on a scale of 0 to 10 points.
Higher scores indicate better technical execution.
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Assessed at baseline (Week 0), Week 4, and Week 8 of the 8-week training intervention.
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Aerobic Gymnastics Skill Score: Dynamic Jump (Scale Twist)
Prazo: Assessed at baseline (Week 0), Week 4, and Week 8 of the 8-week training intervention.
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Execution of the Family 4 Dynamic Jump difficulty element (Scale Twist) was scored by certified judges according to the FIG Aerobic Gymnastics Code of Points (2025), on a scale of 0 to 10 points.
Higher scores indicate better technical execution.
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Assessed at baseline (Week 0), Week 4, and Week 8 of the 8-week training intervention.
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Aerobic Gymnastics Skill Score: Form Jump (Cossack Jump)
Prazo: Assessed at baseline (Week 0), Week 4, and Week 8 of the 8-week training intervention.
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Execution of the Family 5 Form Jump difficulty element (Cossack Jump) was scored by certified judges according to the FIG Aerobic Gymnastics Code of Points (2025), on a scale of 0 to 10 points.
Higher scores indicate better technical execution.
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Assessed at baseline (Week 0), Week 4, and Week 8 of the 8-week training intervention.
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Aerobic Gymnastics Skill Score: Split Leap (Scissors Leap Turn)
Prazo: Assessed at baseline (Week 0), Week 4, and Week 8 of the 8-week training intervention.
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Execution of the Family 6 Split Leap difficulty element (Scissors Leap Turn) was scored by certified judges according to the FIG Aerobic Gymnastics Code of Points (2025), on a scale of 0 to 10 points.
Higher scores indicate better technical execution.
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Assessed at baseline (Week 0), Week 4, and Week 8 of the 8-week training intervention.
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Aerobic Gymnastics Skill Score: Turn (Double Illusion)
Prazo: Assessed at baseline (Week 0), Week 4, and Week 8 of the 8-week training intervention.
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Execution of the Family 7 Turn difficulty element (Double Illusion) was scored by certified judges according to the FIG Aerobic Gymnastics Code of Points (2025), on a scale of 0 to 10 points.
Higher scores indicate better technical execution.
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Assessed at baseline (Week 0), Week 4, and Week 8 of the 8-week training intervention.
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Aerobic Gymnastics Overall Routine Score
Prazo: Assessed at baseline (Week 0), Week 4, and Week 8 of the 8-week training intervention.
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Overall competitive routine performance was scored by certified judges according to the FIG Aerobic Gymnastics Code of Points (2025), combining Difficulty (D-Score), Execution (E-Score), and Artistry (A-Score) components.
Total score is reported in points with no fixed upper bound; higher scores indicate better overall routine performance.
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Assessed at baseline (Week 0), Week 4, and Week 8 of the 8-week training intervention.
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- 20250908
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